Mitral Valve Stenosis Research Paper

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Mitral Valve Stenosis is a quiet disease that does not always reveal itself until later stages of the disease process. Symptoms that may present are shortness of breath, fatigue with activity, and progress to more severe symptoms such as swollen extremities and coughing up blood in later stages of the disease. Less common symptoms that can be seen are chest pain, trouble swallowing, throat hoarseness, and skin color changes. During auscultation examination a decrescendo murmur, also known as a diastolic rumble, can be heard during diastole at the apical listening region. An opening snap can be heard after S2; S1 will be loud and distinct, with an accentuation of the murmur beforehand. Testing done to diagnose Mitral valve stenosis include …show more content…

Rheumatic fever is primarily not seen in the United States because of antibiotic treatments for strep throat. In the current day rheumatic fever and its results are now seen in just developing areas such as southeastern Asia, Oceania, and Africa.
Other causes of stenosis are inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous
Patients at an increased risk of developing mitral stenosis include patients that have had rheumatic fever, patients with diabetes, Women, Elderly patients, patients with Atherosclerosis, Endocarditis, and patient with Marfan’s disease.
The normal mitral valve area is between 2 to 6cm2. In a patient with mitral stenosis the mitral valve area is less than 2cm2. The smaller opening of the valve impedes blood flow across and into the ventricle and creates a back-up of blood in the left atrium and pulmonary veins. Patients with severe chronic stenosis, the Left atrium becomes enlarged from the elevated pressures within the chamber. When the atrium is stretched it irritates the tissue and causes Atrial Fibrillation. With atrial fibrillation and enlargement, the left atrium has more difficulty emptying the blood out effectively leaving the blood moving at low velocities and causing

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