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Why would people develop a phobia of homosexual? There are certain ways in which the society expects people to behave and relate. Gender policy has been a major issue of concern because most people engage in things that are opposite to what are expected of them. Cultural globalization has changed many things and the way people think. This paper will summarize the story “Bros before Hos” by Michael Kimmel analytically and determine the reasons why people would develop a phobia of homosexual.
Kimmel explores some of the values and norms that he terms as the “guy code”. Some of the features of real guys are including the following as summarized by Kimmel; real guys: don’t cry, don’t get mad, takes things like a man, must have wealth and considers
When someone is thinking of a man, what do they think? Strong? Brave? That’s what most people think; in reality that is a very false image. In “Bros Before Hos: The Guy Code,” Michael Kimmel, talks about what it means to be a man and what it takes to be a man in today’s world. Men are pressured into what they “should” be. If they don’t follow certain unwritten rules, which include: not asking for directions, not giving up, not showing fear, or any signs of emotional weakness, such as tears; they are considered less than a man, a wimp. A real man must be aggressive and brave, he must defend his territory: status, family, possessions. Men blindly follow the Guy Code, they believe in order to fit in, they must comply and be part of the pack.
These five factors include: religious tradition, double standards, STDs, cultural expectations, and ostracism for not being masculine enough. (258) When first reading the title of this article, I was confused on how one could be frightened by such a natural act. After reading these five factors, I can understand where Schwartz is coming from. The religious tradition plays into the disapproving of homosexuality and also sex before marriage, which explains why some people may fear sexual activity. Double standards gives reasoning for women to be fearful of embracing their sexuality due to the fact that they will most likely be ridiculed by their society for being too open or too in touch with their sexuality, while men are free to do as they please. Today, some people still find women in touch with their sexuality to be a threat to society. (259) Sexually transmitted diseases are definitely something that could establish fear within the society and encourage the absence of sexual activity. This factor only makes sense, especially if people are uneducated on how to protect themselves. Cultural expectations would include people fearing they wont know what they are doing in bed and they wont look how the actors in the movies look. People begin to fear the normal act of sexual intercourse because they feel that they wont live up to the unrealistic expectations - which is a valid fear. (260) The last contributing factor is the fear of having the "wrong" sexual orientation. When people begin to feel things for someone they do not want to feel things for, it causes fear and causes for them to shut down their feelings and therefor, their
Both Kimmel and Barry listed set characteristics or rules of being a guy. Kimmel listed a set of rules that he called “Real Guy’s Top Ten List”. His list can
For example the book in chapter 8 offers a con by talking about lack of relationships, and if guys are in relationships, they put in little effort. Guyland implies guys have as much sex as possible and watching porn reassures masculinity. I believe that’s not totally true, everyone is different and has unique way of approaching relationships. “Timid guys sometimes have a tendency to give older; more so called “popular” guys the power to define themselves, thus making their role in society greater” says Austin (pseudonym). Positively, Michael Kimmel offers a view into the minds of America 's sons, brothers, and boyfriends, and works toward redefining what it means to be a man today and tomorrow. Only by understanding this world and this life stage can we enable young men to chart their own paths, to stay true to themselves, and to travel safely through Guyland, emerging as responsible and fully formed men of integrity and
In Kimmel’s essay “’Bros Before Hos’: The Guy Code” he argues that the influence of society on masculinity is equal to or greater than biological influences on masculinity. In the essay, Kimmel uses various surveys and interviews to validate his argument. He points to peers, coaches, and family members as the people most likely to influence the development of a man’s masculinity. When a man has his manliness questioned, he immediately makes the decision never to say or do whatever caused him to be called a wimp, or unmanly. Kimmel’s argument is somewhat effective because the readers get firsthand accounts from the interviewees but the author does not provide any statistics to support his argument.
Kimmel demonstrates to his audience in "Bros Before Hos: The Guy Code" that young men must live and abide by a set of rules known as the "guy code" that has been instilled into them by their family members, peers, and friends from a very young
As young men grow up, they would generally learn and integrate within a box of codes which shows them how to be a man, known as the Guy Code. The Guy Code is a set of rules prevalently applied among men groups about how a man behaves with other men and his girlfriend. It mainly teaches guys to be dominant, aggressive and fearless. In Michael Kimmel’s “ Bros Before Hos: The Guy Code”, he indicates that men disguise their emotions and inner beings to be like a man, particularly among their peers. It imposes a consciousness that timidity is not a characteristic that men should have.
Kimmel speaks to how boys are taught how to become “men”. The men who follow the quintessential rules of the “Guy Code” are often seen as the most successful. The basis of masculinity is to impress other men and embody older men and male role models. Kimmel was researching a book that spoke of the history of masculinity and found that, “American men want to be a ‘man among men,’ (465). The teachings of masculinity that span many generations can be seen by how men desire to see the fruit of their labor. Men who follow the code do not care for attention from women, but rather solely focus on the respect and acknowledgment from male peers. The practices that embody masculinity clearly have no intention to impress anybody other than men. The fear associated with not being manly is far more when another man is accusing one of such a heinous crime. This introduces that the “Guy Code” is harmful to men, and in turn society. Men are fearful of being attacked by other men for trespasses against the code. This fear of trespassing is often explained as being biological and natural for men. Guys do not risk their own self-value, friendships, and maybe their lives biologically. This behavior is taught and is due to generations of teaching these “hard-wired” behaviors. Kimmel states, “What these theories fail to account for is the way that masculinity is coerced and policed relentlessly by other guys... In truth, the
I chose this topic because there is an issue of homophobia around the world. I find it interesting as to why people are homosexual, and if there is a gene responsible for this or if it can be developed later in life. This area of research directly relates to the age old question of “nature Vs. nurture”.
The Web. 12 May 2014. Fone, Byrne. A. Homophobia: A History of the.
In the views of Micheal Kimmel “hegemonic masculinity” is a socially constructed process where men are pressured by social norms of masculine ideals to perform behaviors of a “true man” and its influence on young male’s growth. It is the ideology that being a man with power and expressing control over women is a dominant factor of being a biological male. The structure of masculinity was developed within the 18th to 19th century, as men who owned property and provided for his family with strength related work environments was the perfect example of being a generic “American man.” Kimmel introduces Marketplace Manhood and its relation to American men. He states, “Marketplace Masculinity describes the normative definition of American masculinity.
...cks’ discussed above do portray masculinity as a troubled, anxious cultural category as they hide behind a humorous façade through their unglamorous jobs, male bonding, homophobic comments and insults, and the pressure to change and become a ‘real man’ in order to live up to their successful female interests.
An issue that has, in recent years, begun to increase in arguments, is the acceptability of homosexuality in society. Until recently, homosexuality was considered strictly taboo. If an individual was homosexual, it was considered a secret to be kept from all family, friends, and society. However, it seems that society has begun to accept this lifestyle by allowing same sex couples. The idea of coming out of the closet has moved to the head of homosexual individuals when it used to be the exception.
There are different gender identities such as male, female, gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual that exist all around the world. There is inequality in gender identities and dominance of males regardless of which sexuality they fall under. The males are superior over the females and gays superior over the lesbians, however it is different depending on the place and circumstances. This paper will look at the gender roles and stereotypes, social policy, and homosexuality from a modern and traditional society perspective. The three different areas will be compared by the two different societies to understand how much change has occurred and whether or not anything has really changed.
...t and understanding they would want in return. People would be the back bone and emotional support for one another. In a precious world such as that, homophobia would not exist because of the kindness and respect of its members towards one another would mean that differences within the community would be valued and celebrated. Homophobic societies deny these differences and are strongly prohibited. The effects on homophobic bullying causes vicious attacks mentally and physically toward those of the gay community as well as straight people who "appears to be gay" or supporters of gay rights. Homophobia forces the ideology of stereotypes and that man are perceived to act "macho" and woman to be "feminine". Homophobia limits our individuality and self-expression to appreciate the diversity and unique traits within our society that are not viewed as the “norm”.