1. Nature and Nurture: What do twin studies tell is about nature/nurture? Also, discuss the influence of heredity in explaining the process of one’s personality and intellectual development. Provide examples. -Twin studies tell us that genetic factors and their experience on socialization influence on how they develop as a person. For example something that can be heredity are their personality, voice patterns, nervous habits, and leadership or dominance tendencies. Now examples of an environmental factor for twins that have been separated at birth are their attitudes, partners, values, need for intimacy, comfort and assistance. 2. What is the self? According to Charles Horton Cooley, explain the ‘looking glass self’ (discuss the three phases). George Herbert Mad also discusses the stages of the self: identify differences between I and Me. What is meant by significant others? How are significant others related to the self? Identify Mead’s three-stage process of self-development. -The self is our perception of who we are. The ‘looking glass self’ is a theory that states that we become the person we are based on how we think other people see us. There are three stages to the process of …show more content…
Goffman’s four traits of total institutions are all aspects of life are conducted in the same place under the control of a single authority. Any activities within the institution are conducted in the company of others in the same circumstances. The authorities devise rules and schedule activities without consulting the participants. Lastly, all aspects of life within a total institution are designed to fulfill the goal of the organization. A degradation ceremony is used to humiliate a person because he/she is stripped down naked, they take away their jewelry and other personal belongings. These people have no self-motivation and the person becomes invisible to
In a study conducted in 1983, researchers studied more than 350 pairs of twins in order to research if human personality traits were largely inherited or learned. Daniel Goleman, author of “Major Personality Study Finds that Traits are Mostly Inherited,” shares with his audience the parameters and results of this elaborate twin study. Goleman introduces his reader to Auke Tellegen, a psychologist and principal researcher on the long-term study, performed at the University of Minnesota, discovered that the human traits most strongly determined by heredity were leadership, obedience to authority, and even traditionalism. He would surely argue that heredity, more than influence of experience, is more responsible for development in human traits. Tellegen may have substantiating facts that nature is more predominant in a mere handful of traits, but what about the several other traits he failed to test? It is possible for a person who shows leadership and obedience during one part of their life to have an experience in which their obedience and leadership is thwarted. The study Tellegen conducted could not have been without environmental influence. Every single one of the participants, whether a twin or not, had environmental experiences separate from the others. Since every person experiences and responds to environmental stimuli differently, how can several prior years of experience be measured in order to present an unbiased result in this study? Unquestionably, it is impossible. Just as this particular study failed to take into consideration a persons’ prior experiences, it also failed to consider the probability of future environmental factors that could affect the traits Tellegen focused on in his study. Although difficu...
Psychology has long argued the effect of nature, or innate features and genes, and nurture, or environment and upbringing, on life outcomes. Modern academics agree that the two are interrelated (Shonkoff).
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi author has explained in the ‘What is the self’ about when the human born until death, there are always trying to better represent their ideal images and get more and more respect for the self in the world. At the beginning, the author had provided an example of the ocean having tremendous amounts of water, but water produces many hydrogen and oxygen, so it is the same thing as the human’s self-having numerous goals, thoughts or ideas that are organized in consciousness, sense that reification of the brain. The author has defined ‘self is the reification of an abstract idea which creates the emotions, thoughts, feelings and awareness all of these records in the human’s brain, but all ideas related to an object and also includes the personal exclusivity, goals, experiences, some psychological qualities, hobbies into self. “The author said that the self can be considered a hierarchy of goals because every human has made the own goals and they are using psychic energy to decide they want to go ahead in their life for the future and family. Meanwhile, some humans are always trying to display good self-reputation through their own images to reach goals, but they do not good behaving inside self-means they are thinking of the personal self.
Support is provided to suggest that genetics and nature have a bigger impact on the personality of the twin due to the similarity in characteristics and personality of separated twins. Although there are still many viewpoints and various information that support both sides of the argument, the results of these studies have been beneficial for the nature-nurture debate. Through the research and evidence that has been presented, it can be seen that twin and adoption studies have had a positive influence on the nature-nurture debate as the information has provided evidence to support agreements surrounding the debate.
In unit one of Interactions, the authors Ann Moseley and Jeanette Harris showed a number of readings about the idea of the self. The self-concept is an important matter because people change with age constantly and their thoughts change as well. There are many factors that can affect any individual’s thought of self-concept such as growing up, life experiences, friends and family, and meeting new people. Moreover, a number of readings in unit one by different authors showing their experiences and struggles with self-concept such as ethnicities, economy status, and self-esteem issue. I have had similar experiences with several authors, which are, “Zero” by Paul Logan, “Living in two worlds” by Marcus Mabry, and “The Jacket” by Gary Soto.
To begin the analysis of the self, one first has to define what is the self, and it's relationship to the "me"? In the section Discovering The Nature of Our Human Self The Biblical Judaic Christian view of man is introduced as expressed in the King James Version of the Bible. This view of the self is a dualistic view that is caught between the divine and the material worlds (King James 40). The book introduces three chapters from the Judaic Christian view that frames what has commonly become the...
The nature- nurture debate has many different case studies, which often questions environmental and hereditary aspects of the nature- nurture debate. A tangent which is focused on in this essay is how the case studies of schizophrenia and IQ, specifically affect twin and adoption studies. This essay will firstly, give a brief outline of the nature-nurture debate and the definitions of twin and adoption studies. Secondly, it will illustrate two main case studies, which are IQ and Schizophrenia studies. Thirdly, will contrast and compare the two and research’s impact on the case studies in regards to nature vs. nurture and finally, will conclude with the impact of the nature-nurture debate and twin and adoption studies.
"Nature vs. Nurture - Twin Study Overview." Nature vs. Nurture - Twin Study Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2014.
It is defined as a perspective in social psychology that analyzes the process of interaction among human beings at the symbolic level. Shared meanings, behavioral expectations, and understanding how other people see others are all important to the process of this theory, as well as things such as role taking. The concept of interaction is between two or more individuals with each taking a role within the relationship. One of the four elements involved with role taking is how one individual perceives what others think about them and is then connected to the “looking-glass self,” which has its own three elements to it. They are how others actually see another, how we perceive the way others see another person, and how we see our self.
There are many types of self that people can fit into. There is who I am (actual self), who I might become (po...
The concept of the term “self” is a topic that has been analyzed for many years by many people. The self is the whole part of the being that contains the person. This is a very broad topic and although the term is simple it holds a vast amount if information. One of these people is a man by the name of Sigmund Freud. In the paper “The Dissection of the Psychical Personality” written by Freud, uses the term “Psychical Personality,” to explain the human thought processes, thinking and feelings that make up concept of “the self ” part of the person’s personality (Freud, The Dissection of the Psychical Personality, 2004, p. 70). The concept of the structural model of the psyche contains the Id, Ego and Superego, as developed by Freud tries to
Undoubtedly, humans are unique and intricate creatures and their development is a complex process. It is this process that leads people to question, is a child’s development influenced by genetics or their environment? This long debate has been at the forefront of psychology for countless decades now and is better known as “Nature versus Nurture”. The continuous controversy over whether or not children develop their psychological attributes based on genetics (nature) or the way in which they have been raised (nurture) has occupied the minds of psychologists for years. Through thorough reading of experiments, studies, and discussions however, it is easy to be convinced that nurture does play a far more important in the development of a human than nature.
"Nature vs. Nurture - Twin Study Overview." Nature vs. Nurture - Twin Study Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2014.
As I read through the Thinking Philosophically box in our text, the first question that comes up is, “What is a self?” It is wonderful to start off with an easy question, right? Well, Wikipedia defines the self as the subject of one’s own experience of phenomena: perceptions, emotions, thoughts ("Self," 2014). A standard dictionary definition is a person’s essential being that distinguishes them from others, especially considered as the object of introspection or reflexive action; and a person’s particular nature or personality; the qualities that make a person individual or unique ("Oxford dictionary," 2014). Don’t you feel more enlightened already?
A self is some sort of inner being or principle, essential to, but not identical with, the person as whole. It is that in a person that thinks and feels. The self is usually conceived in philosophy as that which one refer to with the word “I”. It is that part or aspects of a person that accounts for personal identity through time. In spite of all the ways one can change with time, the self is invariably same through time. A self is what is supposed to account for the fact that an individual is same person today as he/she was at the age of five, given that all his characteristics have changed over time. For instance, compared to his childhood, this individual is stronger, taller, and smarter; he has different aspirations and dreams, different thoughts and fears, his interests and activities are remarkably different. Yet, he is still the same ...