Purpose: Writing is important in all areas of scientific work, because results have no value unless shared with other workers. A lab report explains what was done in the experiment, what was learned, and what the results meant. An important aspect of science is to present information in a clear and precise manner so that other people can interpret and trust your data. Consequently, experimental data should be organized and presented in scientifically accepted ways, the most common forms being tables and graphs. Learning the appropriate way to present experimental data in the form of tables and graphs is essential to any scientist. Experimental data should be determined and recorded with proper precision and accuracy, and computers have made …show more content…
The best-fit lines were “ y = -0.000256 (g/mL.°C) x + 1.003393 (g/mL) ” for the temperatures between 20-30 °C, and “ y = -0.000162 (g/mL. °C) x + 1.001496 (g/mL) “ for the temperatures between 12-20 °C. (999.8426 kg)/(1 m3) × (1000 g)/(1 kg) ×((1 m)/(100 cm))3=0.9998426 g/cm3 =0.9998426 g/mL To determine the density at 22.7 °C, the equation “ y = 0.000256 (g/mL.°C) x + 1.003393 (g/mL) “ was used. y = 0.000256 (g/mL/ °C)x + 1.003393 (g/mL) y = 0.000256 (g/mL / °C)22.7 (°C) + 1.003393 (g/mL) y = 1.0092 g/mL Table 2. The Density of a Water Sample Determined at Different Temperatures. Temperature (°C) Density (g/mL) Density (kg/m3) 0.0 0.9998426 999.8426 1.0 0.9999015 999.9015 2.0 0.9999429 999.9429 3.0 0.9999672 999.9672 4.0 0.9999750 999.9750 5.0 0.9999668 999.9668 6.0 0.9999430 999.9430 7.0 0.9999043 999.9043 8.0 0.9998509 999.8509 9.0 0.9997834 999.7834 10.0 0.9997021 999.7021 11.0 0.9996074 999.6074 12.0 0.9994996 …show more content…
This is reflected by the number of significant figures used to report the acquired experimental values. Hence, the rules of significant figures are of utmost importance, as they must be applied properly to avoid the misleading presentation of data. Significant figures make data analysis less ambiguous and therefore much easier. The more significant figures the more accurate the data will be. Uncertainty in a value can be reported by using standard deviation. Standard deviation is a measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation in a set of data values. A standard deviation close to zero indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the mean of the set, while a high standard deviation indicates that the data points are spread out over a wider range of values. It is essentially used to calculate the probability of an anomaly or to measure confidence in statistical conclusions. In graphs, the number of points included when fitting a portion of a non-linear curve to a line is somewhat subjective. The advantage to including more points allows for generating a more accurate statistical "best fit" equation describing the behavior of the graph. The disadvantage is that it is more time
The 2SD Rule, to use this rule, you start by estimating what the mean or average value is and what the standard deviation is. The 2SD Rule then gives you a way to translate those statistics into numbers people will relate to.
Finding the Densities of an Unknown Solid and Liquid in Order to Determine What they Are
1. Decide on a range of temperatures from 5 °C to 35 °C to be tested.
The data which was collected in Procedure A was able to produce a relatively straight line. Even though this did have few straying points, there was a positive correlation. This lab was able to support Newton’s Law of Heating and Cooling.
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
In a research laboratory this could lead to wrong conclusions, wasted time and wasted
Regarding the densities of Coke and Diet Coke, I believed that the density of coke would be greater than the density of Diet Coke. Because the content of Coke contains more sugar than Diet Coke, it would contain more mass and since density is mass dependent, Coke would be denser than Diet Coke. From the results of the experiment, there was a slight difference between the densities of Coke and Diet Coke. The measurements obtained from the pipette and the graduated cylinder demonstrated that Coke is denser than Diet Coke while Diet Coke was shown to be denser than Coke using the burette. With the pipette, the average density of Coke is 1.02 and the average density of Diet Coke is 0.99. With the graduated cylinder, the average density is 0.976968 and the average density of Diet Coke is 0.95. With the burette, the average density of Coke is 0.99 and the average density of Diet Coke is 1.0. Among the three instruments, the most precise was the graduated cylinder and the most accurate was the volumetric pipette. Since density is defined as mass/volume, changing the volume of Coke or Diet Coke would have changed.
Size of the conical flasks The size and mass of the marble chips (2 grams). The time interval (20 seconds). When I do the temperature experiment I will keep the concentration experiment with the same. What factors will you change during the investigation? ---------------------------------------------------------------
In a Styrofoam cup, record the temperature of the 200 ml of cold water. This is 200 g of water, as the density of water is 1 g/ml.
4. Performance of experimental tests of the predictions by several independent experimenters and properly performed experiments.
Standard Deviation is a measure about how spreads the numbers are. It describes the dispersion of a data set from its mean. If the dispersion of the data set is higher from the mean value, then the deviation is also higher. It is expressed as the Greek letter Sigma (σ).
To develop problem solving and experimental skills, for example, information is accurately processed and presented, experimental procedures are planned, designed and evaluated properly, producing valid results, recording results, and valid conclusion is drawn.
The report is written to describe as well as analyze a lab experiment, which explores a scientific concept. When writing a lab report, it is important to ensure that the discussion of the procedures, objectives and results is conducted in a way that is specific enough to allow those interested to replicate the experiment. An important reminder here is that lab reports make it difficult for students to rely on a single explanation for the findings. As such.
Methodology: A plastic cup was filled half way with crushed ice and mixed with four spoonfuls of 5 mL of sodium chloride. A thermometer was quickly placed inside the cup to take the temperature and the
Experiments use inquiry skills and methods to make estimates, predictions, gather and analyze data, draw conclusions, and present findings. Examples include texting sink or float objects, growth conditions, and steps needed to create an electrical circuit.