Knights of Templar
The Knights Templar were the manifestation of a "new chivalry" which united the seemingly incompatible roles of monk and warrior. As the first religious military order, these dedicated men were models for successive orders including the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, later known as the Hospitallers, and the Teutonic Knights of the Hospital of St. Mary, two contemporary, rival brotherhoods. These and other orders, flourishing during the 12th-14th centuries as protectors of the Holy Land, were the first standing troops to be properly trained and commanded in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire (Seward 17). The extraordinary story of the Knights Templar ranges from its humble establishment to a period of extreme prosperity, and, finally, to a tragic, haunting conclusion.
In 1118 a French Crusader named Hugues de Payens and seven companions appointed themselves protectors of pilgrims in the Holy Land. Jerusalem's King Baldwin II joined the Patriarch of Jerusalem in support of this small band of men dedicated to Christ, providing them a home in the temple adjoining the royal palace. Living on alms, they became known as the Poor Knights of the Temple.
Ten years after its establishment, however, the order's modest fortunes changed. Seeking new recruits, Hugues traveled to France where he met Bernard de Clairvaux, a learned monk who profoundly influenced the Templar order. Bernard shared Hugues' vision of pious warriors and pledged to help him develop a holy knighthood. Following Bernard's recommendation, the Templars vowed to lead obedient, simple lifestyles in accord with the Rule of St. Benedict. They donned the distinctive white vestments of Bernard's Cisterc...
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Sources Consulted:
Bernard de Clairvaux. De Laude Novae Militiae. S. Bernadi Opera. Trans.
David Carbon. Eds. J. Leclercq and H.M. Rochais. Rome, 1963. Online.
Southern Methodist University. 9 Nov. 1998. Available FTP:
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Howarth, Stephen. The Knights Templar: Christian Chivalry and the
Crusades: 1094- 1314. New York: Atheneum, 1982.
"Knights Templars." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Online. Infotrack. 9 Nov.
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Nicholson, Helen. "Saints or sinners? The Knights Templar in medieval
Europe." History Today 44.12 (1994): 30-37.
Seward, Desmond. The Monks of War: The Military Religious Orders. London:
Penguin, 1972.
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Before the strike for higher wages began, migrant workers worked in very horrible conditions. Men, women, and children would work on these farms for only a dollar an hour. The
The First Crusade was called in 1096 by Pope Urban II. The reasons for the First Crusade was to help obtain Jerusalem known as the holy land. During this time period the Muslims were occupying Jerusalem. First Crusade contained peasants and knights’ whose ethnicities consist of Franks, Latin’s, and Celts which were all from the western part of Europe. To get peasants and knights to join Pope Urban II objectives in return of a spiritual reward called “remission of all their sins” which was to be redeemed of any sins the individual has committed. When sins are redeemed Crusaders believed that they will escape the torment of hell. When lords and knights joined the crusade they were known as military elites. Crusaders were known as soldiers of Christ.
The Knights Templar organization began in 1119 and was founded by nine knights. The organization began after 700 Christian pilgrims, whom were on the path to the Jordan River, were attacked by Saracens, the Muslim inhabitants of the deserts near Syria. Out of the 700, 300 were killed. After this massacre, two French noblemen Hugues de Payen and Godfrey de St Omer, were allowed an audience with Baldwin II, whom was the king of Jerusalem at the time, who gave them permission to start their order as a small monastic brotherhoo...
In 1854, a medical practitioner of ambiguous credentials, George W. L. Bickley, founded the Knights of the Golden Circle. Headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, the Golden Circle was complete with passwords, quasi-Masonic rituals, secret signs and symbols. The Knights of the Golden Circle (later called the Order of the American Knights and, by February 1864, the Sons of Liberty) (Bruce Tap, Over Lincoln Shoulder, 73) quickly hatched lodges throughout Kentucky, Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. To identify themselves, members wore the head of Liberty cut out from the old-style copper pennies. (Tap, 74) Affectionately, their enemies called them Copperheads, a reference to the venomous snake.
...usade or immediately after. They often recounted much of the military drama associated with the events of the Crusade and remained relatively silent about the tenets of Catharism. still lives on today in catholic churches. In attempting to present itself in the same light as the popular Parfaits, the papacy created two new preaching orders: the Dominicans and the Franciscans. It is evident that the In this they were consciously emulating Parfaits. The Cathar Tengriist principles were adopted and implemented by the Lutheran and Protestant Churches, and many other existing Christian denominations. Now the Franciscans are typically characterized by their lives of simplicity, penance, poverty, and love for the poor much like the Dominicans, and the Cathars. th is is something t5hat i sreflected throught history there is always more people use excuses to start wars
The Templar Knights where first formed in 1118 by a French knight named Hugues de Payens. Hugues de Payens was born somewhere around 1070 in the land of Payens. Little is actually known of Hugues de Payens youth but still plays a critical role in the history of the Templar Knights. In 1085 he dubbed a knight due to being mentioned as Lord of Montigny. It is unknown to say that he was involved in the First Crusade but many historians believe that he was indeed involved in it (Templarhistory.com » Blog Archive » Hugues de Payens – The First Grand Master).
The only other force that could possibly rival the Knights Hospitaller in strength was the Knights Templar. Because of this it was fitting that the two groups rivaled each other. The Templars were also fierce f...
GM food has generated polemic debate amongst: governmental regulators, biotechnology companies, scientists, economic activists, environmentalists and consumers. The main areas of controversy correlated to GM food are the neutrality of scientific examination and publication, the results of GM crops on the environment and health and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.
As we have looked into the causes of monasticism, the development of monasticism and the history behind some of its practices. We can start to understand whom these hooded little men really are and what they stood for. We can see that this movement was truly needed. Monasticism aided in the rapid development of a hierarchical, centralized organization in the church because the monks were bound to obedience to superiors who in turn owed their allegiance to the pope. We do admire the fine contributions the monks made to medieval life. This was not only a movement in the history of Christianity, but it is still practiced today. One author defined monasticism as such: "Monasticism did not begin by being passed one to another but arose like spontaneous eruptions, or like a spring gushing forth in different places from a source underground."
In order for the crusades to begin, the Christians needed to gather an army to travel and fight the forces of Muslims. With all the power being held by monarchies at this time, the church needed to be cleaver in order to gain troops to put their lives on the line. To gain the support of these warriors and dedication of men, Pope Urban II (1088-1099) challenged those morals of men by telling them to grab their weapons and join the holy war to recover the land of Jerusalem. It was not the challenge that convinced men to take part in this war. The promise of “immediate remission of sins” attracted the men to stand up for their religion and beliefs while at the same time, promising them a trip to heaven when life comes to an end. With this statement, men instantly prepared for battle which in a very short period of time gave the church power which has been held by the monarchies. Men of rich and poor prepared for battle, some wearing ...
...f knighthood. The idea of the crusade, and the affiliated pilgrimage came to be regarded as temporary, adopted, migratory monastic life. Although none of the ideas of Robert, Guibert, and Baldric were new, in fact they were derived from the accounts of those who survived the first crusade, they romanticized the idea of the holy war and knighthood, making it more appealing to the common person, and more morally acceptable in religious circles.
Teicher, S. A. (1999, July 19). Debate Heats up over same sex marriages. The Christian Science Monitor.
4. Timothy Miller, "The Knights of St. John and the Hospitals of the Latin West." Speculum 1978, 53: 709-33.
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