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Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer. He helped evolve the idea of planets, stars, and their motions. He was an influential scientist that helped change the ideas of the universe for the better. He helped change the idea that the planets orbited in a perfect circle around earth. Although he lived a poor life and he never became wealthy, he lived a fulfilling and substantial life.
Johannes Kepler was born on December 27, 1571. He was born a very sickly child to very poor parents. He was born to a mercenary and an innkeeper’s daughter. At the age of five, Kepler’s father left him to go fight in the war of Netherlands, and he never returned most likely killed. Throughout his life Kepler was a very religious man. All of his works contained references to God or the like. He believe that man, since they were made by God, was capable of understanding the universe the God created. Moreover, He believed that God created the universe according to a mathematical plan. Kepler repeatedly thanked God for giving him the insight to his discoveries.
Due to his immense intelligence, Kepler earned a scholarship to the University of Tubingen. He was taught astronomy by one of
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He moved to the city of Linz, Austria where he had received the post of province mathematician. On his way over to the city with his wife and two children, the wife and his favorite son had died. He spent his next fourteen years with his second wife Susan Reuttinger and trying to keep his mother from being tried as a witch. He was able to get his Mother Katerina released partially due to the objections on the legality of the torture the authorities used. Throughout this he was still able to work while defending his mother He also published two more books: Harmonice mundi and Epitome astronomiae Copernicanae. In these books he was able to publish the last of his three laws of planetary
...isclaimer. But by this time, Copernicus’s health was falling. He was growing weak and elderly, and he could no longer defend his work. In addition to drawing for other scholars, Copernicus had been working on a book. The book was published in 1543, just before his death. He had dedicated his book De Revolutionibus orbium coelestium to Pope Paul III. His book was discriminating the Pope, therefore the Catholic Church banned it, and the book remained on the list of books that were forbidden to be read for nearly three centuries after. Mathematician and scholar by the name of Georg Joachim Rheticus gave Copernicus a newly printed copy of his book De Revolutionibus orbium coelstium in May of 1543. Nicolaus had recently had a stroke and he was suffering the effects of it. It is believed that Copernicus died in his bed, book-in-hand, May 24th, 1543 in Frauenburg, Poland.
Copernicus was born on February 19, 1473 in Thorn, Poland. He was the youngest son of four children and the son of a prosperous merchant. Following his father's death, his Uncle Lukas Watzelrode, bishop of Ermland, adopted him. Copernicus began his studies in Thorn and then at the University of Cracow where he studied mathematics and became very interested in humanistic studies.1 Copernicus left Cracow for Italy where he went to the Universities of Bologna and later Padua. He studied many different subjects including mathematics, canon law, and astronomy. Copernicus received a degree in medicine at the University of Padua, and went on to receive his doctorate from the University of Ferrara in canon law.
Galileo Galilei was born in the City of Pisa on February 15, 1564. Sir Galileo is the oldest out of his seven siblings (Hightower 10-11). The father of his, is a musician and a wool trader ("Galileo Galilei" par 1-3). As a boy he enjoyed music and painting. He was very intelligent for this age and he constructed mechanical toys for his own merriment (Hightower 10-11). His studies started at a Jesuit Monastery about at age eleven. By the time of age seven-teen he told his father that he wanted to be a monk. Due to his father's wishes he went to medical school, taken out because he didn't want Galileo as a monk ("Galileo Galilei" par 1-3). While in medical school he did poorly and thought his classes were boring. Later he dropped out and studied science and math with many people (Lauber par 3-4). Then he studied much more objects in his lifetime and loved to learn (Hightower 10-14). Soon he achieved this college education but didn’t get a degree (“Galileo Galilei” par 1-3).
Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician ho discovered that planetary motion is elliptical. Early in his life, Kepler wanted to prove that the universe obeyed Platonistic mathematical relationships, such as the planetary orbits were circular and at distances from the sun proportional to the Platonic solids (see paragraph below). However, when his friend the astronomer Tycho Brahe died, he gave Kepler his immense collection of astronomical observations. After years of studying these observations, Kepler realized that his previous thought about planetary motion were wrong, and he came up with his three laws of planetary motion. Unfortunately, he did not have a unifying theory for these laws. This had to until Newton formulated his laws of gravity and motion.
This paper is an overview of the Kepler spacecraft and its mission in space. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Association (NASA), Kepler, named after Renaissance astronomer Johannes Kepler, “is a space observatory launched…to discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars.” Kepler does this by searching for planets within our galaxy that have a similar size to Earth within a habitable zone. A habitable zone is a distance between the planet and its star where water can exist on the planet’s surface. Additionally, Kepler is aimed at searching for planets with similar one-year orbits like that of Earth. As technology advances on Earth, increased standards of living and life expectancies have taken a toll on Earth’s fleeting, finite resources. Kepler potentially provides scientists with information regarding planets that can serve as a future home when resources have diminished and information that can foreshadow inevitabilities about Earth through older, Earth-like planets.
Johann Eberti described the German astronomer Marie Cunitz, whose work clarified the work of Johannes Kepler, a famous astronomer who discovered the three laws of planetary motion, and more importantly proved the heliocentric theory of the solar system, as becoming so absorbed in astronomical speculation that she “neglected her household” and spent the days in bed since watching the stars at night had tired her out. Eberti realizes Marie Cunitz possessed a dedication to the sciences or else he would not have noted that she was focused completely on astronomy. Dedication to the sciences was also shown by Maria Merian, a German entomologist, and Marquise Emilie du Chatelet, a French aristocrat and scientist. Maria Merian says in her book Wonderful Metamorphoses and Special Nourishment of Caterpillars that she studied insects since her youth, but “withdrew from human society and engaged exclusively in these investigations” when she started to study the metamorphosis cycles of different kinds of caterpillars. Merian is likely to not be exaggerating her accomplishment because her book was published in 1679, during a time when there was a great deal of bigotry against women in the sciences. If she had exaggerated it most likely would have been found because a woman
An Italian physicist and astronomer named Galileo Galilei founded modern science. He studied and researched many areas of what is now called physical science. Among other innovations, one of his more famous discoveries was changing the worldview of how the sun revolved around the earth. Galileo found through his research that the earth revolved around the sun, disputing the belief held by The Roman Catholic Church that the earth was the center of the universe. He refused to obey orders from Rome to terminate discussions of his theories and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
He was taught under Brache in Prague. Kepler was a mathematician and calendar maker. Bache taught him because of how impressive his mathematical skills were. He was able to calculate the positions of the planets. In 1604, he discovered a new star, which was actually the Milky Way’s last supernova. In 1609 he published Astronomia Nova (New Astronomy) which launched his heliocentric view of the universe and the first two laws of planetary motion. The first being that planets move in an elliptical, not spherical, orbit with the Sun being one of the foci, or center point. The second law stated that the planets will rotate and why doing so cover equal area in equal time no matter where in the orbital it
Copernicus was a scientist and philosopher whose theory proposed that the sun was stationary, and the heavens orbit around the sun. Galileo tried to convince the Church not to abolish the Copernican theory but was told that he was not to entertain such thoughts with others.... ... middle of paper ... ...(n.d.).
Johannes Kepler was a Mathematician and an Astronomer in the late 1500’s into the early 1600’s. He studied the algorithms of Astronomy from the age of 15 to the end of his life. With the accomplishments he had he has changed the way we study the solar system. He was a man of integrity and didn’t give up when trying something. He used the talent he was given to serve and please God.
Later after Copernicus came Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei, who confirmed some of Copernicus’ observations. Kepler provided concise evidence of planetary motion regarding their path around the s...
Copernicus was born in Poland and was raised by a prosperous German family. As a result, he really enjoyed his youth, taking twelve years at four different universities. In 1503, he finall...
He was one of the first who created the "looker" (now called telescope) by placing two pieces of lenses together. The discovery that placing lenses together can magnify images was made by children who took Lippershey's spectacles and looked at a distant church tower. One of the most influential scientists associated with the telescope has to be Galileo. He took the design and reinvented the telescope into one of the first refractive telescopes we use to this day. Galileo used this great invention to report astronomical facts such as the moon is covered with craters instead of being smooth, the Milky Way is composed of millions of stars, and Jupiter has four moons.
Another important individual who drove history was the Italian astronomer and scientist Galileo Galilei. Galileo discovered something so important that it changed the selfish perspective that humans were the center of the universe and led to the growth of human knowledge. Utilizing mathematics and a telescope he had developed, Galileo observed that the planets revolved around the sun and not the Earth. This was a significant discovery because not only did it contradict what the church had taught, it also showed that the universe was not what it seemed. With this truth uncovered, many people began to fascinate over the universe. This triggered people to begin studying space extensively and eventually lead to present day space exploration. Galileo also left a lasting impression upon many great minds, such as Sir Isaac Newton, who used Galileo's research and theories to further his own studies such as the physical laws, and their properties.
Over the years there have been many more important figures in astronomy. One extraordinary astronomer was Galileo Galilei who invented the first refractor telescope in which light is bent to enlarge an image of the sky (“Galileo Project”). The next great astronomer to follow him was Isaac Newton. Newton had made a great amount of contributions to astronomy during his life. He further proved that the Earth was not the center of the universe and he also invented the Newtonian reflector telescope which is still used today in observatories. Also, he discovered that light could be split into a visible spectrum of colors. Spectral colors from stars would later be used to determine their size, temperature, chemical composition, and even the direction the star is moving.