Jesse Moncell Bethel was born in New York City, New York on July 8, 1922. He was born to Jesse M. Bethel and Ethel Williams. His father left the home when he was only six months old and his mother died when he was only three and a half years old. Being an orphan now, he was raised by his grandmother in Arkansas. He then moved to Oklahoma where his family sharecropped cotton and cornfields. Bethel attended elementary school while in Oklahoma and later graduated from Booker Washington High School there too. Bethel attended Tillotson College in Austin, Texas. He graduated there with a Bachelors of Science degree in chemistry. He later attended graduate school in 1944 at the University of California Berkley.
Bethel’s life changed when he became only fourteen years old. At fourteen he watched 27-year-old attorney Thurgood Marshall defend a young black accused of murder in Hugo, Oklahoma. Marshall was able to reduce the young man’s sentence from death to life in prison. Marshall became Bethel’s idol. Marshall was a main reason Bethel dreamed on becoming a civil rights lawyer. Another reason for his dream was his son, Jesse Jr.. Bethel first began his college career at Tillotson College in Austin, Texas majoring in pre-law on a scholarship. This all changed when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and the United States entered World War II. Bethel read on a bulletin board that Mare Island needed chemists. This made Bethel switch his major from pre-law to chemistry.
In 1944, one month after his college graduation, Bethel moved to Vallejo with his wife Claudia Nichols, who also was his college sweetheart. He moved to Vallejo in search of the chemist job at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard he learned about while attending college. A chemist vacancy at Mare Island available because another chemist left was given to Bethel. Bethel was now the first black chemist at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. For over thirty years Bethel worked on the Mare Island Naval Shipyard. One supervisor, on the grounds that his college wasn’t accredited (although it was) didn’t promote him. Bethel then made the choice of transferring to the nuclear power division. In the nuclear power division Bethel eventually became chief chemist. Bethel said, “I was discriminated against at the shipyard. I overcame it.”
As chief chemist in the nuclear power division he analyzed material used in reactor plant construction, nuclear propulsion plant systems, and worked on radiochemistry on nuclear submarines.
In his article “Opt-out organ donation without presumptions”, Ben Saunders is writing to defend an opt-out organ donation system in which cadaveric organs can be used except in the case that the deceased person has registered an objection and has opted-out of organ donation. Saunders provides many arguments to defend his stance and to support his conclusion. This paper will discuss the premises and elements of Saunders’ argument and how these premises support his conclusion. Furthermore, this paper will discuss the effectiveness of Saunders’ argument, including its strengths and weaknesses. Lastly, it will discuss how someone with an opposing view might respond to his article,
Picture this, having to travel over 10,000 miles to get something you really wanted accomplished. This is one of the interesting points Mitch Kachun brings up about Mr. Wright in his essay “Major Richard R. Wright Sr. National Freedom Day, and the Rhetoric of Freedom in the 1940’s. In this essay he not only tells the very interesting story of Wright’s life but he also goes in details about everything that came up in his way and what he did to change the world and mold it to what we see today. One thing Kachun reminds us in this paper is to never forget or past and where we came from, because if we do we will repeat it. Also to pay our respects to a wonderful man who paved the way for us African American college students to be in the place that we are today.
Why are There So Few Black Chemists? Industrial Chemical News 3:1-6 Mozan, H. J. & Co., Ltd. (1974) The 'Secondary' of the Women in Science -. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
After his high school graduation he enrolled at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee. There he "discovered his Blackness" and made a lifelong commitment to his people. He taught in rural Black schools in Tennessee during summer vacations, thus expanding his awareness of his Black culture.
Willie Lynch is a British slave owner in the West Indies that was invited to the colony of Virginia to deliver his speech on his methods to control his slaves. Although the existence of Willie Lynch is in question, his letter had significant impact. On the opposite side lies Carter G. Woodson. Woodson is an incredible author that has graduated and received his Ph. D. from Harvard University and wrote about the mis¬-education of the Negroes. Lynch and Woodson lies on opposite sides of the spectrum in terms of their perspective, but some of Lynch’s ideas support Woodson’s claims. Some of the problems that was written in Woodson’s The Mis-education of the Negro was problems with education, religion and business. All these problems stem back to
In Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary, Juan Williams, a well-known political analysis on Fox News Channel, tells us the story of the influential American lawyer Thurgood Marshall. Williams shares with us the life events of Thurgood Marshall, along with stories and long kept secrets that are revealed to him during interviews with the experienced lawyer and his closest colleagues. Chronologically, Williams walks us through the experiences of Marshall beginning with his childhood background and schooling, then to his revolutionary career within the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Legal Defense Fund (LDF) and the Supreme Court, and concludes with Thurgood Marshall’s legacy and impact on the Civil Rights Movement.
Booker T. Washington’s ideologies for economic advancement and self-help played a major role in his approach to fight for equal rights. By founding the Tuskegee Institute in Mound Bayou, he created a university that was segregated for black students and encouraged higher educational standards (Meier 396). These students were also encouraged to follow the social system of segregation in order to achieve political status in the United States. In an interview with reporter Ralph McGill, Du Bois recalls that in the process of obtaining funds for the Tuskegee Institute “Washington would promise [white philanthropists] happy contented labor for their new enterprises. He reminded them there would be no strikers” (Du Bois, qtd. in McGill 5). This shows the nature of Washington’s contradicting approach in obtaining political power by embracing the system of segregation and working with white leaders rather than against them to achieve his goals.
While I agree that upholding strict transplant ethics is important, I here argue that the fully informed use of Regitine is acceptable, even if Regitine hastens death several minutes. If a patient (or immediate family members) has consented to organ donation, understands the effects of Regitine, and gives consent f...
I am very interested in the topic of Organ transplantation. I am interested in biology and the process of surgeries. What intrigues me is the process of saving someone’s life in such a dramatic and complicated process. My dad happens to be a doctor and in his training he cut open a human body to see for himself the autonomy of the body. So being interested in the field of medicine is in my blood. Modern technology helps many people and saves people around the globe. However even with modern technologies that progress mankind, bio medical and ethical dilemmas emerge. And ultimately life falls into the hands of the rabbis, lawmakers and philosophical thinkers.
The Confederate flag was a battle flag and it has many varied meanings of what it represents throughout history. People think that it represents racism and slavery, because it was flown in Southern states, which during the time Southern states promoted slavery in the Civil war. Today’s society would see the Confederate flag being flown in Texas as an act of racism not as Texas history and freedom of states. People would retaliate and try to take down the flag, if it were to be flown in Texas as they do not know the true meaning of the Confederate flag. The Confederate meaning is a group of states coming together that have gained independence and freedom. The Confederate flag should not be flown in Texas, while it has so much history in the
...o rules out medical and religious ethics. Many people are not willing to donate an organ if they do not receive any personal gain to it. However, many more people would be willing to donate if in turn they could save the life of a family member.
After the development of the atomic bomb, nuclear research was a priority for the US Navy. At Oak Ridge, the Navy tasked him with looking over all reports about atomic energy and studying “…atomic physics, chemistry, and mathematics.” (ORNL) He excelled at Oak Ridge by making his subordinate officer record and write very detailed reports about atomic energy and developments in nuclear engineering. He also made sure his subordinates worked to their fullest potential by writing fitness report about them. Through his work at Oak Ridge, he came across Ross Gunn’s work on a nuclear submarine and began to tinker with the idea. He unofficially tasked several officer and civilians to look into making a submarine reactor and persuaded the Chief of the Bureau of Ships to make this project official. (ORNL) (The United States Naval Nuclear) (Johnson,
Gender inequality can be quite different when considering the varying perspectives of all different kinds of women throughout history. For a middle class white woman of the 19th century, gender inequality can be as simple as “men are superior to women” and because of that they have rights and privileges women don’t, but for a black woman of the 20th century, gender inequality isn’t just defined by men being superior to women because the sexism black women face is affected by racism.
Robson, N. (2010) Organ Transplants: an analysis of ethical, social and religious issues. Retrieved February 6, 2014 from cogprints.org/8083/1/Organ%20transplants.pdf
Today, more than 120,000 patients in America are on the waiting list to receive a vital organ that would save their lives. Another name is added every twelve minutes. Far under this number is the number of donors willing to sign a donor card and donate their organs after their death. Only around twenty eight thousand of these transplants are filled every year; the others are still waiting and most are not too fortunate. As the number of waiting lists patients goes up, many people find that signing the organ donation card will bring them no real cost and is a noble deed, but the need for organ donors in America is increasing daily and doctors know that, which, is often an issue. Organ donation is a dominating controversial topic, many think it should be required to donate organs after death in America, however, there are opposing arguments that present a real case against it.