One study investigated transit accessibility to health care by either public transit or by foot in various low-income countries in the Bay Area. Results revealed that transit accessibility to a hospital, defined as getting to a hospital or clinic in 30 min or less by public transit or ½ mile by foot, varied from 0 to 28 %. Additionally, 55 % of missed appointments or late arrivals were due to transportation problems.Collectively, these studies suggest that lack or inaccessibility of transportation may be associated with less health care utilization, lack of regular medical care, and missed medical appointments, particularly for those from lower economic backgrounds (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles).
Patient with ongoing needs for treatment that required transportation People with chronic diseases such as arthritis or cardiovascular disease
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• Cabinets
• Windows
• Walls
• Ceilings/Rooftops
• Elevators/Stairways/Escalators Train and buses are old, dirty, and unreliable. Buses designed to run twelve years are still in service twenty years later in many U.S. cities and also around the world. Most of the public transportation neglected the proper cleaning, disinfecting and maintenance equipment. Ambulances transfer patient from one health care provider to another is one of the most important elements of successful care for patients with serious injuries or illnesses. Lack of communication creates a serious problem that results in a potential increase in the transmission of germs
The adoption of the rail system in the United States not only revolutionized the transportation of people, goods, and information but also revolutionized the transportation of pathogens. The rapid growth in transportation, the cramped living spaces, travel arrangements and poorly organized sanitation protocols exacerbated the rampant spread of disease. The lacking public health policies of the time showed that the United States was not ready for the silent killers that would accompany passengers as they rode the rails. The United States government was forced to find a way to deal with the spread of disease through out the nation’s railways.
Socioeconomic status can limit access to healthcare in many ways. Several Americans do not have the means to receive healthcare although it is readily available to the entire population. A person’s social status, urban community and financial background can all have an impact as to how access to healthcare is achieved. While there are many factors that limit access to healthcare, I will discuss how these particular factors play a role with accessing healthcare services. Why do low income individuals tend to have high risk factors that result in poor health outcomes? What are some of the factors that determine better health outcomes? These are some of the questions that come up when trying to understand the influence of health outcomes. An individual’s socioeconomic status can alter their healthcare choices and status based on education, income, surroundings and/or occupation levels.
"Preventing Exposures to Bloodborne Pathogens among Paramedics." Workplace Solutions (2010): n. pag. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Web. 9 Feb. 2014.
This literature review will analyze and critically explore four studies that have been conducted on hand hygiene compliance rates by Healthcare workers (HCWs). Firstly, it will look at compliance rates for HCWs in the intensive care units (ICU) and then explore the different factors that contribute to low hand hygiene compliance. Hospital Acquired infections (HAI) or Nosocomial Infections appear worldwide, affecting both developed and poor countries. HAIs represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially for patients in the ICU (Hugonnet, Perneger, & Pittet, 2002). Hand hygiene can be defined as any method that destroys or removes microorganisms on hands (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). According to the World Health Organization (2002), a HAI can be defined as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. The hands of HCWs transmit majority of the endemic infections. As
Lee, S. &. (2009). Disparities in access to health care among non-citizens in the United States. Health Sociology Review , 18 (3), 307-317.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) define healthcare disparities as “differences in access to or availability of facilities and services” (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 2018). These healthcare disparities result in health status disparities which are defined as “variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between socioeconomic and/or geographically defined population groups (NIH, 2018). Essentially, disparate access to healthcare services amongst certain groups of people leads to variation in health-related outcomes compared to those with access. The outcomes of those suffering from healthcare disparities such as lack of insurance and lack of access to healthcare services, whether primary, emergency or mental health care lead to poorer health
This investigation is conducted using a relative accessibility deprivation indicator (RADI) by using the estimated amount of distances travelled in Toronto ” (Páez, Farber, Mercado, Roorda, & Morency, 2013, p. 817). Results show, having a transportation infrastructure in place allows for an increased travelling distance for all groups. In contrast, it is said that private vehicles have a “large positive effect” (Páez, Farber, Mercado, Roorda, & Morency, 2013, p. 835) for single-home females, however, it is acknowledged that in Toronto owning a vehicle will not provide much help. is due to the accessible transit system in the downtown core and the number of jobs in the
According to healthypeople.gov, a person’s ability to access health services has a profound effect on every aspect of his or her health, almost 1 in 4 Americans do not have a primary care provider or a health center where they can receive regular medical services. Approximately 1 in 5 A...
Improving health care services depends in part on ensuring that people have a usual and ongoing source of care. Not having a usual place to go to when sick or in need of health advice delays necessary care which leads to an increased risk. People with a usual source of care are more likely to go in for routine checkups and screenings, and are more likely to know where to go for treatmen...
Improving population health necessitates a variety of the contributions from health entities. These health entities can be state, local governments, hospitals, health centers, and community organizations. Unfortunately, these contributions and services are not equally distributed throughout the population. Lack of a supermarket in a neighborhood limits residents’ access to healthy food and other resources. Furthermore, ethnic minority and/or low-income communities are burdened with several health disparities such as greater risk for diseases, or limited access to healthcare services (Jackson, 2014). The National Cancer Institute reported that individuals from medically underserved population are more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage diseases because they have inadequate resources to education, or health insurance. When an individual does not have adequate access to healthcare services, healthy disparity grows larger in the overall health of a
A wide variety of community, individual and national factors determine the delivery of health.2 There is a growing number of evidence on inequalities in both accessing of health and the distribution ...
(2014) shed light on two key components for infection control, which includes protecting patients from acquiring infections and protecting health care workers from becoming infected (Curchoe et al., 2014). The techniques that are used to protect patients also provide protection for nurses and other health care workers alike. In order to prevent the spread of infections, it is important for health care workers to be meticulous and attentive when providing care to already vulnerable patients (Curchoe et al., 2014). If a health care worker is aware they may contaminate the surroundings of a patient, they must properly clean, disinfect, and sterilize any contaminated objects in order to reduce or eliminate microorganisms (Curchoe et al., 2014). It is also ideal to change gloves after contact with contaminated secretions and before leaving a patient’s room (Curchoe, 2014). Research suggests that due to standard precaution, gloves must be worn as a single-use item for each invasive procedure, contact with sterile sites, and non-intact skin or mucous membranes (Curchoe et al., 2014). Hence, it is critical that health care workers change gloves during any activity that has been assessed as carrying a risk of exposure to body substances, secretions, excretions, and blood (Curchoe et al.,
Health care access today is an issue in the United States because many people do not have the access to it or better coverage. I focused on answering the question, should everyone in the United States be provided with better access to health care? According to Maria Barry-Jester (reports on public health, food and culture for FiveThirtyEight) About 32 million people in the United States don’t have access to health care (2014). And about 101,000 people die each year due to the way healthcare is organized. This essay will view why the US should provide better health care, why it shouldn’t and why I believe it should.
“Researchers in London estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, a million deaths a year could be prevented” (“Hygiene Fast Facts”, 2013, p. 1). Hands are the number one mode of transmission of pathogens. Hands are also vital in patient interaction, and therefore should be kept clean to protect the safety of patients and the person caring for the patient. Hand hygiene is imperative to professional nursing practice because it prevents the spread of pathogens, decreases chances of hospital-acquired infections, and promotes patient safety. There is a substantial amount of evidence that shows why hand hygiene is important in healthcare
Barriers to health care adversely affect people’s lives and causes delays in appropriate care, limited preventative services and unnecessary hospitalization.