Introduction
Sustainable supply chain is defined as having products and practices that are socially responsible which not only brings in long term profit but also protect the environment. This comprises of social development and technical developments which builds on concepts such as close loop supply chain management and eco-label supply chain management. Sustainability also requires constant innovation in the supply chain which meets the needs of present and future to ensure a better quality of life for generations to come. For sustainability of products, the products need to be tracked and evaluated in all stages within the supply chain to ensure that processes are environmentally friendly.
Issues and Challenges
It is difficult to design
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By focusing on the entire product lifecycle, it would be made clear of the lifeline of the product that could affect the environments from internal and external processes by evaluating the risks and opportunities in greater details.
Dock management system helps to deliver information to participants throughout the supply chain. This enables a smooth delivery of information automatically to those that need it.
Yard management systems allows communication between the drivers, managers and supporting systems have positive impact on the operation. This ensures the right equipment at the right time to the right location.
Evaluating the supplier’s base on their performances to seek out the most capable supplier to collaborate with to share information and build relationship.
Listening to the voice of the customers for sales and operations is important. Not only would you know the changing demand of the customers but also the signs and changes to the order patterns hence it would lead to better forecasting and allocation of resources in a demand intensive society.
By integrating the different processes which the suppliers have the whole supply chain could work as a team thus achieving effectiveness and overall efficiency which is critical to success.
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Closed-loop supply chain concept includes inventory control and production planning. It combines the traditional forward movement and additional reverse movement in the supply chain which helps to identify and keep a close eye on the movement of materials and waste to make sure the use of environmentally friendly materials and reduce excessive residual waste.
Engagement with suppliers proves to be up most important because they are the ones that provide the raw materials and manufacture the products. They have to undergo audits to be evaluated on the selection of raw materials and processes to improve the sustainability performance throughout the supply chain. Through this audits and evaluations would the suppliers grow, diversify and develop to compliment the supply chain. Each participant in the supply chain pipeline has a role to play in reducing the environment impact by promoting the use of bio-degradable pallets, engage in reverse logistics, using battery powered forklift to reduce, reuse and
Metalcraft’s scorecard was developed to address control issues in the supply-chain. The scorecard was a tool that provided Melalcraft a single reference point on supplier performance over a period of time along three dimensions: quality, timing and delivery. There were several business functions that utilized the scorecard; buyers, plant engineers, supplier development engineers, suppliers and various other users within the Metalcraft organization. The scorecard was also used to evaluate supplier performance at both the individual plant level as well as the aggregate supplier level. The scorecard classified supplier performance metrics with color recommendations indicating the degree in which Metalcraft would base future sourcing based on their “color” quality rating.
In the 1960s through the 1970s, companies realized strong engineering, design, and manufacturing functions were strong market strategy keys to create and capture customer loyalty. As the demand for new products rose in the 1980s, these market requirements were to increase their flexibility and responsiveness to adapt existing products and processes or to develop new ones in order to meet customer needs. As manufacturing improved in the 1990s, managers began noticing material and service inputs involving suppliers and their major impact on an organization’s ability to meet customer needs. As a result of these changes, organizations now find that it difficult to manage their own organizations. First, they must be involved in the management of their network of all upstream firms that provide directly or indirectly, as well as the network of downstream firms, which are responsible for delivery and market service of the product to the end customer. In order to succeed, managers have to realize that they cannot do it alone and they must work together on a daily basis with the whole organizations in their supply chains. Because supply chain management involves all functions within an organization, managers need to know what a supply chain is, why it is important, and the impact of supply chain management on the success and profitability of their organization. Today, Wal-Mart topped the list of the America’s biggest companies on the Fortune 500 list, “with sales of almost $345 billion — more than a quarter of a trillion dollars” (Forbs). Wal-Mart’s supply chain management is becoming recognized as a core competitive strategy.
Also, there is a need to focus our attention concerned with important issues: economy, environment and society. There is a rising concern over the environmental impact of production and supply chain systems (Xun Wang1, 2016). Being a fully fledged documented problem, the Bullwhip effect possibly affects many businesses in serial supply chains across a variety of industries (Metters,
Supplier evaluation is a term used in business and refers to the process of evaluating and approving potential suppliers by quantitative assessment. The purpose of supplier evaluation is to ensure a portfolio of best in class suppliers is available for use. There are several techniques are used by companies to evaluate suppliers and measure performance. The first step in implementing any of the techniques being discussed is to determine the attributes that should be considered. A firm should focus on the attributes that it finds most important. Some attributes are easy to measure while others are not. Some models are proficient in considering total costs, but they are usually very difficult to implement and time consuming. Thus, the resources
‘Supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. It encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, thir- party service providers, and customers’. (Web: Council for Supply Chain Management Pr...
Sustainability of the supply chain has increasingly become a crucial aspect of corporate responsibility. Apart from being good for business, management of social, economic, and environmental effects of supply chain remains the right thing to do. Constantly changing markets have created complex landscapes that businesses must navigate to build sustainable supply chains. Sustainable supply chains aim at creating social, economic, and environmental value for all stakeholders throughout the supply chain. Building sustainable supply chains not only benefits the stakeholders but also aims at safeguarding business interests. Businesses can easily become sustainable by understanding who they are and working closely with people. Nestle is company that has been at the forefront in advocating for sustainable supply through the ‘creating shared value’ platform. The report makes recommendation on the role of supply chain management in attaining sustainability.
Supply chain management has been defined as that process that involves the management of information, materials, and all the finances that are handled within and across the entire supply chain process (Christopher, 2016). The management is usually done through out the entire supply chain management from that moment when the suppliers are involved through all the manufacturing activities, different distribution activities, and the way that the products are served to the final product consumer (Turban, et al., 2002). The process also includes all the activities that different organizations offers to their customers as after sale services for purposes perfecting their services and products towards their highly valued customers (Christopher,
Since mid-90, technology changed procedures for evaluating supplier’s relationships. Before technology, Suppliers relationships used to be an isolated activity disconnected from others companies’ activities highly influenced by conflict of interest. But when technology started to provide accurate data, companies begin the focus on inventory management activities increasing the importance of procurements departments’ evaluation as a way to reduce supply chain cost. With data, procurement can evaluate suppliers and their benefits for the company. In today business environment, the company dilemma is evaluating if the supply chain should be vertical, full outsourced of mix, considering industry maturity impact and price competition (Chopra & Meindl, 2007; Slack & Lewis, 2011).
Sustainable supply chains (SSC) are a process, which employ purchasing policies and procedures that assist sustainable development at the centers of tourism. This aspect of tourism is particularly vital to implementing feasible tour operator practices. The final tourist product featured in both glossy brochures and enticing websites must be considerate of viable sustainable supply chain management to create long lasting destinations for the consumer. This report will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of SSCs, and attempt to assess how SSCs are used as a popular management tool in the tourism industry. “Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) encapsulates the trend to use purchasing policies and practices to facilitate sustainable development at the tourist destination.” (Font and Tapper et al., 2008, pp. 260--271). To expand on this, there is an expectation that Supply Chain Management “emphasizes the logistics interactions that take place among the functions of marketing, logistics, and production within a firm and those interactions that take place between the legally separate firms within the product- flow channel.” (Pulevska-Ivanovska, L, 2007: 11) This definition encompasses the three main components of supply chain management: marketing, logistics and production. According to Dr Xavier Font, the tour operators’ product depends on 3 major sections: accommodation, transport and activities. (Font, X, 2011: 260) Supply chains vary depending on the nature of product and/or service. (‘UNEP’ 2013: 273) The diagram below illustrates the three main areas of impact: economy, society and environment.
Inventory management is a method through, which a business handles tangible resources and materials to ensure availability of resources for use. It is a collection of interdisciplinary processes including a full circle from the demand forecasting, supply chain management, inventory control and reverse logistics. Inventory management is the optimization of inventories of manufactured goods, work in progress, and raw materials. According to Doucette (2001) inventory management can be challenging at times; however, the need for effective inventory management is largely seeing more as a necessity than a mere trend when customer satisfaction and service have become a prime reason for a business to stand apart from its competition. For example, Wal-Mart’s inventory management is one of the biggest contributors to the success of the company;
In other words, it aims to link all the supply chain agents to jointly cooperate within the firm as a way to maximize productivity in the supply chain and deliver the most benefits to all related parties [2].
Supply chain would not be efficient and receptive if inventory wasn't been able properly. Inventory management is definitely a way of carrying materials from raw components to the final customer, thus managing the movements and flow throughout the supply chain. Without inventory managing, supply chain movement would certainly not in existent. Every method must be managed in line with the fulfillment in the ultimate priority that is the fact that consumer pleasure. Supply chain carries investment to fulfill uncertainties and mismatch regarding demand and supply. Smart management of the supply chain is gained by integrating the strategies business processes of the partners within a supply chain in order to make certain the flow and storage can be coordinated as this can be completed within the functional area of products on hand management as well. In summarize, effective supply chain supervision is performed by having a good inventory management. The two ought to end up being coordinated with each various other especially in monitoring the flow of inventory within just the supply chain. Any mistakes with the inventory guidelines would consistently influence the supply chain that's why investment management and supply chain administration processes should be included that may result to the success of a company if enforced successfully and effectively. Also, it's significant that managers should consider to take actions in lowering the quantity of inventory required in purchase to decrease cost expected thus raise the responsiveness in the supply chain. If inventory can be managed successfully then presently there would most likely a good management of supply chain as well. They're connected with each other with one another and if one of these doesn't fit with the other, after that it'd certainly lead to the
(2014) deduced that procurement performance can be assessed by focusing ondelivery,flexibility, quality, cost and technology. Optimal performance attainment is dependent onhow current suppliers`relationships aremanaged so asto ensure constant availability of needed quality supplies at the organization. This will ensure that sourced materials are indeed procured at the right costand atthe right time. Procurement performancestrives toenable improvements in the procurement process at the organizationso as to improve on qualitydelivery of firm products and servicesatleast possible time and
Inventory management involves planning, coordinating, and controlling the acquisition, storage, handling, movement, distribution, and possible sale of raw materials, component parts and subassemblies, supplies and tools, replacement parts, and other assets that are needed to meet customer wants and needs (Collier & Evans, 2009). In order for business and supply chains to run smoothly, they must meet all the listed requirements for effective inventory management. Thus, inventory management must be managed wisely in order to be a successful an...
Step 6, evaluation and selection of a supplier: the evaluation stage of the process could involve the p...