Frequency of Inspection The frequency of inspection is referred in terms of its purposes in the context of maintenance management system. In this regard, a series of different frequency of bridge inspection has to be carried out to identify the annual work programs. These different of inspection require levels of competence and training and are to be performed by inspectors from either the Headquarters or regional office. The work programs are Inventory, Routine Condition, Confirmatory and Detailed Inspection. 2.3.2.1 Inventory Inspection Inventory Inspection is the first inspection carried out by inspector at the regional levels on a particular bridge to collect inventory data. This inspection is done visually and systematically on …show more content…
This inspection shall be carried out by inspection teams from the Headquarters on those bridges that are reported to be defective. The inspection will also enable the Headquarters to prepare the program for bridge maintenance or further Detailed Inspection. 2.3.2.4 Detailed Inspection Detailed Inspection shall be carried out by engineers from Headquarters after the Confirmatory Inspection had identified the need for the bridge to be rehabilitated. The bridge engineers will inspect the defects on the bridge and this includes taking and testing samples of defective materials and partly to assess the cause and extent of damage. Recommendations will then be made on the most feasible rehabilitation methods. 2.3.3 Organization of an Inspection Program In general, bridge inspection shall be conducted at two levels, the regional and the Headquarters. Headquarter level; the inspection team shall be headed by a bridge engineer with sufficient experience in Bridge Engineering. These bridge Inspector report to a Bridge Manager. A recommended organizational set up of Headquarter Level is presented in Figure
Without a concrete reason for the bridge's failure, every suggested reason was researched until proven incorrect” (Silver). There were many reasons that were suggested, but could not be proven correct due to the collapse. Wikipedia states that “A small crack was formed through fretting wear at the bearing, and grew through internal corrosion, a problem known as stress corrosion cracking.” The failure of the bridge was caused by a defect in one of the eye-bars on the north side causing the other side to collapse as well. “Stress corrosion cracking is the formation of brittle cracks in a normally sound material through the simultaneous action of a tensile stress and a corrosive environment.
The Bailey Island Bridge is located in Harpswell, Maine on Route 24. Before the making of the bridge, the fishermen that lived on Bailey’s Island wanted a bridge that connected their island to Orr’s Island. The town of Harpsweell made and voted on their decisions in the weekly town meetings (“Bailey”). The project was stalled because of some of the mainlanders in the town, but it was brought back up for discussion in 1912. They first agreed on a “road” which would connect the two islands and would be constructed with timber. This was to cost $3,000. The cost quickly reached $25,000 at a later town meting because they decided to build the bridge with stone and concrete instead. Once the legislature decided to pass a bill stating that it would fun state’s highway and bridge projects, they decided to move forward with the project (Hansen, 36).
On the day of the collapse, the bridge was undergoing a resurfacing project that closed 4 of the eight lanes. The closed lanes were used as a staging area for sand, gravel, construction materials, and other equipment necessary to complete the work.
According to Suspension bridges: Concepts and various innovative techniques of structural evaluation, “During the past 200 years, suspension bridges have been at the forefront in all aspects of structural engineering” (“Suspension”). This statement shows that suspension bridges have been used for over 200 years, and that people are still using them today because they are structurally better bridges. This paper shows four arguments on the advantages of suspension bridges, and why you should use one when building a bridge. When deciding on building a suspension bridge, it has many advantages such as; its lightness, ability to span over a long distance, easy construction, cost effective, easy to maintain, less risk
...e, wind tunnel testing should be performed to verify the design of the new bridge prior to its construction.
managed to produce a clear image of how the footprints lead directly to and over the bridge. But
The engineering design process helped my two partners and I through this project. First, we identified the problem of needing to hold weight from the center of the bridge. Next, we established a very detailed design of our bridge and how much total wood was needed to build it. After spending much time on the design, we built the design. The building of the bridge took a long time to do and took much precision. Next we tested it and presented it all at one time. We realized what we could do to improve it if we ever do it again and what design flaws that we
his way to speak to them about it. An Inspector Calls is what is known
This guarantees that the report will be 100 percent accurate. Also, keep in mind that just because one section of the foundation has the underpinnings of piers does not mean that the rest of the areas will be unable to move. You must understand what the engineering report says and maintain a copy of it for your own records. Make sure that the foundation repair expert has been licensed to work with the state of Arizona, and you also want to check their level of experience. For example, the ConcreteRepairman.com has been doing business for over 31 years. With that level of experience, the experts will naturally spot issues much faster than a first or or even 10-year specialist because they have been in business for a long time. The bad businesses do not last that long. Even better, you are working with a third-generation family owned
This all iron design made the bridge a lot heavier than it was designed for, which added more stress to the truss. This fact, by itself, wouldn’t cause any alarm. However, the bridge itself, was very poorly constructed. The members of the bridge were all different sizes, and they were not connected together properly. Due to the poor construction and eleven years of use, members of the bridge had started to bend due to the stress. Despite bridge engineers inspecting the bridge for eleven years, no one noticed these faults with the bridge. However, the ultimate cause of this collapse, was so tiny, only one of the investigators, after the collapse, noticed it. A tiny air hole was left during the construction of the bridge, “and grew with repeated stress over eleven years” (Escher, 2009). This hole would develop in a crack, due to the changing temperatures and the trains crossing it for over eleven years. This would weaken the overall strength of the bridge. The cold winter air and the weight of the train would ultimately prove to be too much, and the whole bridge came crashing
The Bunker Hill Bridge in Catawba County in North Carolina was built in 1895 and reconstructed in 1994. The bridge is significant because it is the only remaining historic type of "Improved Lattice Truss" bridge. This historic construction was patented in 1839 by Herman Haupt and in 1894, commissioners of Catawba County asked the residents to construct a bridge over Lyles creek. The Haupt truss design is of civil engineering interest because it is an example of innovation in mid 19th century bridge engineering and a construction associated with Herman Haupt, who was a prominent civil engineer in the 19 century and well known for his pioneering projects in the analysis of bridges (Bennet, 4). This paper will summarize the event by reporting
of the "Queen of Bridges" prepared to implement the global project. Sand's vision to build the
Through the many years bridge designs have changed dramatically, from few pieces of log being tied together to enormous suspension bridges span over hundreds of kilometres. As the technology and knowledge advanced the designs of the bridges became bigger and stronger.
Inspection between each flight besides avoiding accidents, it also helps engineers to understand what problems that would be aroused by operation environment. Pre-flight inspection of Aloha 243 was only carried out before the first flight each day which is inadequate. Besides, all inspection records at each inspection should be kept; it records all the status of the parts and help engineers to understand how the aircraft structures would be affected after each operation.