Identity in Mary Shelly's Frankenstein

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Who am I? What defines a person or an object? What is an identity? Merriam-Webster defines identity as "a distinguishing character or personality of an individual" ("Identity"). Nationality, family, gender, socioeconomic level, accomplishments, downfalls, personality, and physical appearance are qualities that characterize Americans. When each of these characteristics are viewed together, a unique individual is formed. However, in Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein's creation is not identified by all of these characteristics. He is not defined by many of them because they do not exist in his life. The domestic void in the creature’s life creates a barrier between him and the rest of civilization. Victor’s creation continually asks, "Who was I? What was I?" (86) and society answers with "wretch" (35) and "monster" (37); it is these responses that give the creature identity.

Every human being has a national identity and heritage, yet the creature does not posses this privilege. When a person is born, they are born into a family rich in a national culture and ancestral heritage; this composes part of the person's individual identity. People find pride in their ancestral identity. Yet, when the blind man in the De Lacy family asks the creature, "Are you French?" (90), the creation responds, "No" (90). This establishes the fact that the creature has no place of birth that would give him an identity of a particular country. He is created in a laboratory, not delivered from a mother's womb. Without a set of parents, he does not have biological ancestors from which he can adopt a cultural heritage; he is all alone. The fact that the creature does not have this ancestral connection, creates a boundary between him and huma...

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...lop a relationship with his creator, Victor, yet Frankenstein does not see the creature as his some. All humans, even his creator, view him as a "wretch" and "monster," based solely on his external appearance. Without a "relation or friend upon earth," (Shelley, 90) he is alienated from the human world and lacks a domestic connection to anyone. The only way he can exist in society is if people can see past his physical looks and know what a kind creature he truly is. However, how can this be expected when his creator does not even want to touch this "monster."

Works Cited

Curran, Stuart. Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus. 26 April 2000.

"Identity." Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. 2000. 28 April 2000.

Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York: Norton. 1996.

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