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Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogels
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Injectable Hydrogels: Processing and Application
Introduction
Hydrogels are defined as networks made up of polymer chains which are hydrophilic. They are in some cases found as a solid dispersed in a liquid. where water acts as the medium dispersed. Hydrogels are natural, highly porous or artificial polymeric networks. The hydrophilic structure allows hydrogels to hold the significant amount of water within their three-dimension structural systems. The extensive employment of hydrogel products in some environmental and industrial areas of applications are very high importance. As time passed, natural hydrogels were replaced with artificial ones. This was due to their long service life, the wide variety of the raw chemical resources, high capacity of water absorption, and their stability. Artificial polymers have structures that are well defined and can be modified to produce tailor powerful functionality and degradability. The artificial of hydrogels can also occur from purely artificial components. The artificial hydrogels are stable in conditions of high and sharp temperature fluctuations. Recent research describes hydrogels as a two- or multi-component systems that are made of three-dimensional
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Comprehensive research has been carried out on it as a macromolecular carrier for proteins or drugs delivery for the application of biomedical medicine. Inform of its architecture, the hydroxyl groups attached to dextran’s main chain make it possible to undergo oxidation with periodate to give an entry made up of multiple aldehyde groups, which serves as the polymer cross-linker for free amino group-bearing polymers to form the hydrogels. Therefore,. Gelatin hydrogel is characterized by rapid solubilization when in an environment that is aqueous and easily melts within the range of body temperature, hence limiting its potential in the area of biomedical
Epithelia tissue : Epithelial tissue, the type of tissue that lines the surfaces and cavities of your body 's organs, epithelia may be composed of several layers of cells called compound epithelia or just a single layer known as simple epithelia.
Stem cells help us to maintain and heal our bodies, as they are undifferentiated cells, their roles are not yet determined. They have the ability to become anything during early life and growth. Stem cells come from two sources, namely: embryonic stem cells (embryo’s formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological development) and adult stem cells (see figure 3).
During the nineteenth century a variety of alternative medical traditions became popular in the United States. There was a shift in how people began to view their physical, mental, and emotional health. A type of alternative medicine that quickly became popular in the United States and Europe was the tradition of hygeiotherapy. This form of treatment included hydropathy a type of water-cure treatment and combined that with exercise, dietary reform, sexual restraint, and any behaviors that were viewed as unhealthy.
02 February 2014. Iyengar, Kavitha. A. How to Use Gelatin and Agar-Agar? 2013. The. Web. The Web.
Polyethylene (PE) is one of the most commonly used polymers which can be identified into two plastic identification codes: 2 for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and 4 for low density polyethylene (LDPE). Polyethylene is sometimes called polyethene or polythene and is produced by an addition polymerisation reaction. The chemical formula for polyethylene is –(CH2-CH2)n– for both HDPE and LDPE. The formation of the polyethylene chain is created with the monomer ethylene (CH2=CH2).
For decades, biologists have been using stem cells to figure out possible cures for different diseases and even prevent them. Stem cells are cells that can become useable in certain tissues in the body (according to an infant), or tissue cells that are already found in blood, bones, the brain, and skin (in adults or children). Stem cells are being used for patients with lymphoma (begins in the immune system), leukemia (cancer of white blood cells), and other types of blood disorders.
Aerogel was discovered in the late 1930’s by chemist Samuel Stephens Kistler. He accomplished this by the process of supercritical fluid drying. A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical poi...
In today’s times, kids all over the world are making different types of slimes to keep themselves entertained. Slime has been around for many years, but recently there has been new ways to make slime at home. Slime can be made using many different ingredients. Some common ingredients used to make slime include; Borax, baking soda, contact lens solution, water, and liquid starch. All of these slime recipes have one ingredient in common, glue. Kids have an array of substances they can add to their slime mixture to create more fun. Additional substances can include food coloring, glitter, Orbeez, small toys, beads, or even confetti. Does decorating slime mixtures increase the consistency of a standard slime mixture? Orbeez can make the slime feel
The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic intracellular platform constituted by a three-dimensional network of proteins responsible for key cellular roles as structure and shape, cell growth and development, and offering to the cell with "motility" that being the ability of the entire cell to move and for material to be moved within the cell in a regulated fashion (vesicle trafficking)’, (intechopen 2017). The cytoskeleton is made of microtubules, filaments, and fibres - they give the cytoplasm physical support. Michael Kent, (2000) describes the cytoskeleton as the ‘internal framework’, this is because it shapes the cell and provides support to cellular extensions – such as microvilli. In some cells it is used in intracellular transport. Since the shape of the cell is constantly changing, the microtubules will also change, they will readjust and reassemble to fit the needs of the cell.
In case of MLX-NLC gel, no significant (p>0.05) change of particle size, PI, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency was observed at 4±2°C over the period of 90 days (Table 3). An increasing trend of particle size and PI, decreasing trend of zeta potential and drug entrapment efficiency were observed with storage time at 25±2°C/60%±5% RH and 40±2°C/75±5% RH. The augmentation of particle size and polydispersity index, and diminution of zeta potential and drug entrapmen...
One of the main challenges that face the environment today is the threat of plastic materials in the environment. All forms and sizes of plastic are harmful to the environment; this paper looks at the effects of microplastics which are small forms of plastic that are at least 5mm in size. Due to their small size, the microplastics end up being ingested into the bodies of aquatic animals causing health consequences that are uncertain to the organisms. This review focuses on the susceptibility of marine organisms to the physical, chemical and biological uptake of microplastics.
The worldwide production amount of gelatin is regarding 375,000 metric tons each year. On a poster scale, gelatin is made from by-products of the meat and leather industry. Recently, fish by-products have also been thought-about as a result of they eliminate some of the non secular obstacles close gelatin consumption. Gelatin is derived from pork skins, pork, horses, and cattle bones, or split cattle hides.The raw materials square measure ready by totally different set, acid, and alkali processes which square measure utilized to extract the dried collagen hydrolysate. These processes may take up to many weeks, and variations in such processes have great effects on the properties of the ultimate gelatin product.
Organic or synthetic polymer membranes are used predominantly at present because it is possible to select a polymer for a specific separation problem from the existing large number of polymers. They are also cheaper. Inorganic membranes have gain their importance where organic membranes has been exclu...
Many people don't know what biomedical engineers do. A biomedical engineer’s job is actually quite interesting. They analyze and create solutions to improving the quality and effectiveness of patient care. They also design technology to accommodate the needs of people with disabilities. They have a big role in helping people begin new lives. The main job of a biomedical engineer is to help create prosthetic limbs or organs for those who are in need of one.
My main aim during my undergraduate studies was to get an overview of the various fields in chemical engineering and identify a field of interest in which I could pursue my research career. Because of their vast applications, Materials & Polymer Sciences, in general, have attracted m...