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Extended essay on the kingdom of benin
Extended essay on the kingdom of benin
Extended essay on the kingdom of benin
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Benin. As the Oba, he put a strong emphasis on the need of a strong army. An article stated, “under Ewuare’s rule…Benin changed dramatically (US History).” As a civilization, they began to create a powerful military and started expanding their kingdom by winning land from surrounding civilizations. Ewuare was only the first of several great warrior kings, after Ewuare came his son, Ozolua. Oba Ozolua was historically known for being victorious in nearly two hundred battles. After Oba Ozolua came Oba Esigie, Esigie was credited for expanding Benin eastward to help build their empire a take land from the Kingdom of Ife. Both Esigie and Ozolua encouraged trading with Portuguese merchants in order to build a large and technologically advanced
Mackie, R. (2008), ‘The Art of the Benin: Changing Relations between Europe and Africa I: The conquest of the Benin in the 1890’s’, in Brown, R (ed.), Cultural Encounters (AA100 Book3), Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 16-32
The story of Olaudah Equiano and his people went through a lot throughout the time of the 18th Century. Africans faced, “the part of Africa, known by the name of Guinea, to which the trade for slaves is carried on, extends along the coast above 3400 miles, from the Senegal to Angola, and includes a variety of kingdoms.” This is where it first started the business of slavery and selling and buying slaves for them to work for their owners. During this time men and women had to face different types of punishment from adultery and other types of reasons to put them to death, execution, but if the woman had a baby they were often spared to stay with their child. African’s displayed there different types of traditions through weddings, friends, public
http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/britishBenin.html Negritude http://www.nigerdeltadirectory.com/websiteseminars/negritude.html http://www.culturekiosque.com/calendar/item14966.html http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/negritude/ (Accessed 14.02.11). African Art http://www.jpanafrican.com/ (Accessed 14.02.11). Benin Massacre http://www.dawodu.com/igbinedion3.htm http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/britishBenin.html http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/anthony-okosun/the-glory-of-benin-kingdom-and-the-shame-of-the-british-empire.html. http://books.google.co.uk (Benin Diplomatic Handbook By USA International Business Publications).
Achebe in his writing “Things Fall Apart” about Nigerian villagers of Umuofia who held strong, “most of the time” too their views to keep the clan of their people strong and respected, “Umuofia was feared by all its neighbor’s, “its war-medicine was as old as the clan itself” (Damrosch, 2009), they had many gods. With time the rules
The great kingdom of Dahomey once resided where Benin is today. Dahomey’s origins can be traced back to the 1600s, during which two groups of people named the Aja and the Fon occupied Dahomey, (The World Fact Book, 2014). The Fon people practiced the religion of Voodoo and believed that god was Vodo. During their occupation, the Fon and Aja people established two major cities, Abomey and Ouidah. Ouidah soon became a major trading port, especially for slaves, (The Africa Guide, n.d.).
The first West African state of record was Ghana which had been ruled by over forty kings by the year 300 A.D. The early Ghanaians were a peaceful and prosperous people who developed an economy based on agriculture and...
The African empires, kingdoms, and cities had many achievements before the arrival of the Europeans. Some of these achievements had influences many other places in the world. Three major achievements were the trading systems, their military forces and strengths of its people, and the wealth and success.
There was also a Kingdom called Mali that broke off from the Ghana Empire. At this time they had embraced the religion of Islam and had been under the great rule of Mansa Musa. This empire had the job of protecting the caravans or shipments carrying the goods, so that they can trade. They helped towards the function of trade so that both the importer and exporter gained something. In document 3 it explains how their wealth was great because of their trade. The document also talks about the fact that they had exhibited the characteristics of an advanced divination like sufficient food to feed its people, a strong army equipped with advanced weapons and income derived from taxes. Even though the Mali Empire had wealth there was very little corruption if there was with the ruler. He did not go mad with power but he was generous. In document four it states they there was no person who did not receive a sum of gold from him.
The Portuguese arrived in Benin, in modern Nigeria, between 1472 and 1486 to find an established and ancient kingdom with remarkable social and ritual complexity, with art that was comparatively naturalistic, and with a political system that was, on the surface, recognizable to the Europeans: monarchy. Even more importantly, they found a land rich in pepper, cloth, ivory, and slaves, and immediately set out to establish trade (Ben-Amos 35-6). Though we often imagine "first contacts" between Europeans and Africans as clashes of epochal proportions, leaving Europeans free to manipulate and coerce the flabbergasted and paralyzed Africans, this misjudges the resilience and indeed, preparedness, of the Benin people. The Benin were able to draw on their cultural, political, and religious traditions to fit the European arrival in an understandable context. Indeed, as the great brass plaques of the Benin palace demonstrate, the arrival was in fact manipulated by the Benin to strengthen, not diminish, indigenous royal power.
Nigeria was colonized by the world leader at the time; Britain, and was claimed as a colony in 1914. Although both Britain and the Royal Niger Company had been claiming parts of Nigeria as a protectorate, their control over Nigeria was achieved through both peace treaties and military actions. Europe didn’t officially recognize Britain’s control over Nigeria until after the Berlin Conference which gave Britain full right to Nigeria, and Britain hastened to forcefully control the area after civil war in Nigeria over the slave-trade threatened to disrupt their interests. Britain was interested in the palm-oil trade of Nigeria, which was controlled by The Royal Niger Company along the Niger river. Once Britain claimed Nigeria, it set about
Loftus, D. and Wood, P. (2008), 'The Art of Benin: Changing Relations Between Europe and Africa II' in Brown, R. D. (ed.) Cultural Encounters (AA100 Book 3), Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 43-87.
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were similar in their roles in the gold and salt trade, gold and salt notably improved the empire’s economy. To start, gold was plentiful in Wangara while in the Sahara Desert, salt, an essential nutrient to the people, was abundant.ghf Acting as the middleman between the two parties, the empires were able to obtain great wealth by collecting taxes for all goods that entered and exited the empires. The traders of the gold-salt trade agreed to have a middleman because the empires could protect the traders and the goods that were carried using the military power they had over the area. The empires turned to their wealth from trade taxes to run the economy; when the Almoravids cut off Ghana’s trade routes in the 1000s,
Ghana was the first of the three great trading empires to emerge in West Africa. It was founded as early as A.D. 750 by a group of people called the Soninke, although some scholars think that it was founded as many as five hundred years earlier. By the year 800, Ghana had become an important trading power (Koslow 25). Ghana had the gold that the many traders from North Africa and Egypt were attracted to. Because Ghana had so much gold, it had to cautiously regulate the flow of gold across its borders to make sure that gold would not become so widely obtainable that the price value would decrease. However, although Ghana had ample gold, Ghana did not have the salt that was vital for survival. Because of this, it was suitable for Ghana to become a part of the gold-salt trade.
The Ghana kingdom dates back to the 9th and 11th centuries. The kingdom was known to be extremely wealthy due to the fact that it sat on a large gold mine. The resources provided from the gold mine led to a prosperous trading system for the Ghana kingdom. Another important factor in leading the Ghana kingdom to extreme wealth was a strategic governing system. The Ghana kingdom was also known as the Wagadugu. Wagadugu was discovered by Arab travelers that recorded their findings while on their journey. Ghana was the name given to Wagadugu kings and was also used to describe the wonderful and mysterious place that they had discovered. Records of the Ghana kingdom dates all the way back to the 4th century. Hundreds of years later, the kingdom became fully established and began to become extremely wealthy through the trade of their resources. The nation became known as Soninke. In the year 1000 B.C.E, the kingdom had to undergo a strategic expansion and also took control of a decent amount of land. Ghana would later go on to become one of the leading trading system in the
"Army Strong": The Army Will Tear You Down, It's Up to You to Build Yourself Back Up! I joined the United States Army Reserves when I was seventeen years old. I did not join because I wanted to be a soldier; I joined because I wanted to earn money to go to college. The effect that this endeavor made upon my life has changed who I am forever.