Cross Stitching Over hundreds of years old, thousands of patterns created, and hundreds of materials to choose from; cross stitching is one of the oldest ways to embroider a pattern with a needle and thread. Cross stitching starts back to the Tang Dynasty in China during the years 618-906 AD and spread throughout the west during the eleventh century. Many people during that time did not know what cross stitching was until the Chinese introduced it by bringing the needle, thread, and material then showing the people how to create patterns and make pictures at the time. Later in the eleventh century while Spain was under the influence of Islamic culture of the Moors of the years 756- 1492, the work of Blackwork which consists of geometric design
Sewing is completed by a thread, a needle, and a piece of material or materials; and the materials are seamed together to create a piece of work, as in pillows, curtains, quilts, blankets, and clothes. The time that a needle conjoined two types of fabric or material with a machine was around the year 1755 (Herzberg). By saving time and money, the sewing machine was invented and evolved the way people made clothing to blankets. Instead of taking days to only make roughly around fifty shirts or pants, the people that were employed with jobs that involved sewing and crafting made double what his or her did without a sewing machine. In some ways cross stitching and sewing share similarities. Cross stitching consists of a needle, yarn, canvas, and pattern; when sewing only consists of thread, a needle, and the material needled for the project that is being made to be completed (Knox). Cross stitching and embroidery are almost the same thing with just different names. Embroidery and cross stitching is slightly different, the only main difference of the two is that embroidery is mostly completed with the use of a machine that is set to the exact pattern wanting to be made, and cross stitching is a pattern that is hand made with a needle, thread, canvas, and pattern. Sharing similarities to sewing, cross stitching is very time consuming and may take days to complete some patterns. Many cross stitch canvases are helpful to stitch on a frame that is tightly screwed together to make the canvas very tight so the needle will not go past a hole or make repeated mistakes and ruin the entire pattern. The frame that holds the canvas in place is called a hoop (Jourdain). When using an embroidery machine, there will not be a hoop or anything to keep the canvas in place because the machine will constantly be moving it. Similar to sewing, the canvas that is being embroidered will
The women were using sewing machines. These machines were invented by many different people, but the first inventor to get a patent on the machine was Ellis Howe. This patent was awarded in 1846.
Long before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic to the ‘New World’, the Western Hemisphere had already divided and developed civilizations. Some of these civilizations were extremely advanced for the time. As people settled in the Americas and developed cultures, so did differences in the life styles, religions, and art of these peoples. The cultures of Mesoamerica, South America, and North America all developed many different types of art, most notably ceramics and larger scale items that still baffle historians today.
As stated earlier, the deer grass was the most common plant material to use for the coiling. For the patterns, Juncus or split sumac, would be used using a “pierce and penetrate” method which would be sown to the “underlying coil.” According to Justin F. Farmer, “an important diagnostic trait of the mission basket would be the Bound Under Fag End Stitch, or BUFES” (Farmer 10). The fag end stitch is the beginning strand of the basket that the weaver subtly blends into the coiled basket as a whole. The strand is also kept short, and even on rare occasions, cut away to make it less conspicuous. It is also worthy to note that a great majority of mission baskets are made to go into a clockwise direction. The time spent by the weaver to produce a good quality basket had proved rather tedious, and according to Farmer, “depending on whether the weaver uses juncus or sumac, it could take the exact time to weave the basket as it does to process the materials” (Farmer 13). Although, at times, some baskets were weaved quickly using the seeds of the juncus plant; and were called, “throw away
but for pleasure. When she sews, by hand, she likes to sew a seam and rip it
Their duties included gathering cedar bark, preparing the yarns and weaving the blankets, a process that all together would take about a year. In order to spin the woman would have to loosen the wool from the mountain goat hide by wetting and rolling the hide then pushing the wool off with her thumb and fingers. To card the wool she would have to be sitting with outstretched legs with wool piled to one side to draw the wool while feeding it to her other hand. The blanket was then woven on a warp-weighted loom where the weaver usually sat or kneeled in front of it. The blankets were woven entirely with their fingers. No other device was used. This finger-weaving process was called twining. According to the Sheldon Museum and Culture Center, typically the warps of these blankets were never dyed but the wefts contained natural dyes that created yellows, dark browns and green blues. Preparing these yarns is a long, strenuous process, requiring up to six months of preparation, dyeing, spinning, and plying as we saw similarly in the documentary “Weaving Worlds” about the Navajo
When we hear the word “Art” certain images come to mind. We think of great masterpieces of epic battles, and cathedral walls depicting angels and demons. This however, is a very small part of the art of the world. One form of artwork has been seen in every civilization, on every continent; Folk art. Folk art at its root is art including paintings, textiles, furniture, and carvings done by a country's indigenous people. These pieces are often functional, and serve a purpose on top of being aesthetically pleasing.The techniques used by these people are often passed down generation to generation, and originate in the community itself. This means most of the artisans do not have any formal training in their craft. Many took apprenticeships, or learned from watching village elders.
One of the first and most prominent of these changes was in the textile industry. The textile industry was the staple of the industrial revolution. Before the industrial revolution, the textile, or more specifically cotton, industry was performed at home. It happened in a few steps. First, cotton was farmed and harvested. Then, the in home process began. Workers called “spinners” would take the cotton and form it into strands. These strands were the ...
“America's Quilting History: African American Quilting: A Long Rich Heritage”. Womenfolk. Web. 7 March 2011.
...ainting motifs you need to know how to construct the loom, spin the yarn, and the skill to weave the patterns. This takes many years of training as well as dedication because of the amount of time that is needed to do so.
Celtic Art was created almost 5000 years ago but is still seen in modern art. Celtic Art is in many of designs that are seen in modern art with three major designs which are, Celtic Spirals, The Knotwork, and Key Patterns. These designs are seen in common items such as decorations, frames, art and other everyday items. To be able to find the meaning of these symbols,we must understand where Celtic Art originated and the meaning behind the designs. Without this extraordinary type of art, many of the modern style of art would not have been the same.
Hair weaving dates back as far as Ancient Egypt and throughout history. Egyptians adored a good hair weave. It was considered a form of self-expression and common practice for them to trim their hair and create dazzling wig out of it. The men on occasion wore more dashing styles of wigs than the women. Women more so used weaving methods because of their diminishing hair. This practice is still used today for men and women who suffer from different types of hair loss.
In the Article “Sewing Machines Liberation or Drudgery for Women” Joan Perkin wrote about the positive and negative effects that came from the invention of the sewing machine. The sewing machine was invented by Elias Howe and Isaac Merritt Singer in the 1800’s. by 1877 almost half a million sewing machines were being used in the United States, making it the first home appliance in American homes. The author writes that this invention will transform the way clothing would be made from then on. Before the sewing machine women would make their clothes by hand at home, it would take up to twenty hours to produce one shirt. With this new invention the time was cut down to about an hour for the same amount of work.
From spinning and weaving that was done in households for domestic consumption, went to the Spinning Frame developed by Richard Arkwright. With this, production in Britain of cotton textile, between 1770 and 1790, in 20 years alone the output increased tenfold.
Weaving is a common thread among cultures around the world. Weaving is a way of producing cloth or textile. Today we have machines that weave large-scale textiles at cheap prices. Production of cloth by hand is rarely engaged in today’s Westernized societies. Not many people are thinking about how the fibers are actually constructed to make their clothes. However, in other cultures across the world the tradition of weaving still exists. By comparing three cultures that continue weaving as a part of their tradition we can see similarities and the differences between them. The reasons that each culture still weaves vary, as do the methods and materials. The desired characteristics of the cloth also vary around the world as each culture values different aesthetics.
The paintings of the Celto-Germanic period, similar the metal work, involve many intricate spiral designs, interlaced with different shapes and animal figures. “They were colored with gum, glue or gelatin binders that were used on parchment” (Cleaver151). Used to illuminate scriptures, the paintings often depicted religious themes. Celto-Germanic architecture made extensive use of wood. Between 750 and 987 A.D. the Celto-Germanic style went through some changes and new styles evolved in different geographic locations. It was during this time the second period of medieval art began.