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History of state and federal prisons
The history of the american correctional system
The history of the american correctional system
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HISTORY AND PROGRESSSION OF CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES Today, if a person commits a crime, they will either get sent to a correctional facility or a juvenile detention center. This is not how it always was; As far back as the 1700’s the country had a system to punish people but it was different from the one we use today. I feel that somethings have improved but not everything. In the 1700’s the early punishments were transportation, indentured, servitude, economic sanctions, public humiliation, pillory, stocks and ducking stools. In the 1700’s the first prison systems were the Hospice of San Michele (Rome) and the Mason De Force(Ghent, Belgium) they were famous because they were considered to be the ideal models of the prison …show more content…
Cell phones, computers and other electronic devices are a technological advantage to the prison systems that they have developed the metal detector and x-ray scanner to check for smuggled weapons or smuggled drugs into the prison. There are four types of violence. Fear is what occurs when someone is afraid of being hurt or losing something they feel is important to get someone to calm down from fear is to keep pace with them and then begin to slowly bring them down. Fury is a type of violence occurs when someone has lost their boundaries, they are mentally and emotionally lost out in an emotionally stormy sea when an inmate pushes you have to push them back the inmate is in a fury mode you have to give him/her their boundaries back. Tantrum type of violence is different from fury type in a significant way, while the fury type has a reason to go off, the tantrum type is looking for an excuse to go off and any excuse, action, or reason will do. Extortion type violence is basically the violent person giving someone a choice : Give me/do this or I will hurt you” Of all the types of violence, this is the type is the most likely to be directed at Leos/Correctional …show more content…
The inmates can get very angry at the guards and if the guards aren’t careful the inmates will strike at them and take their weapons and eventually would escape and the correctional and police officers would end up losing the inmates tracks and that is why and when they would bring out the tracking dogs they can smell anyone or anything for miles away and if they find a piece of clothing of the inmates the dogs will smell it and then they will lead the police officers to the escaped convicts and many of the technology doesn’t always work to keep the inmates in the prison but they can try to keep the inmates from discovering a way to get weapons and then end up escaping from the prison and half of the time none of the prison personnel knows that the inmates have escaped and that sometimes there is a person on the inside helping the inmates to escape but most of the times both the inmates and their inside person will both be sent to prison to finish
Kingston Penitentiary is located on the shore of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada. It has served as the main symbol of punishment in Canadian society. Penitentiary Houses were first created in Great Britain in 1779. It was on June 1, 1835 that Kingston Penitentiary formerly known as the Provincial Penitentiary admitted its first six inmates.
In the Antebellum Era, America undergos many reforms including a reform in their prison system. Imprisonment had been use rarely to punish criminals. Prisons were commonly used to incarcerate people being accused and awaiting for trials and debtors that had to pay their creditors. They did not want people to run away. Authorities did not used prison sentences for criminals, they enforced fines or inflict physical pain such as branding iron or pillory. Anyone convicted of a serious crime would receive extreme penalties such execution or banishment.
A study concerning the causes of prison riots by Scraton, Sim & Skidmore (1991), indicate that most explanations of riots fall into two categories. The first explanation is the deprivation theory, a response to poor prison conditions. The deprivation theory explains that prisoners will revolt in the face of food shortages, overcrowding, oppressive custodial discipline, sadistic staff, racism or any other inhumane circumstances (Rule 1988).
Being a prisoner has more restrictions than one may believe. Prisoners are told when they should participate in daily activities and what they are allowed to say or do on a daily basis. This is not a life anyone is determined to experience during any period of time. However, all though for most prison life is just a depiction in a movie or on television, it is a reality for many. Their crimes and behaviors brought them into a world of being stripped of their freedom. Those who oversee the prisoners must control order within the brick walls. An article discussing the duties of a prison officer, defines it as one who “...has responsibility for the security, supervision, training and rehabilitation of people committed to prison by the courts”
There are two different kinds of influences on prison misconduct, there is the combined characteristics of the inmates themselves, and the combined characteristics of the staff in control of them (Camp, Gaes, Langan, Saylor (2003). Prison misconduct has been classified into significant fields related to drug use, violence, property offenses, prison accountability and escapes, security-related offenses, security offenses interfering with daily operations, along with a residual category (Camp, Gaes, Langan, Saylor (2003). Misconduct spoils the effective procedure of the correctional institution, detracting from its capability to present the intentional services to the superior society (Goetting & Howsen (1986).
Guards will no longer call you by name but by your number. For as long as you are there, you are that number. You no longer are treated like a human being but a number. Prisoners start to lose respect for themselves because of this treatment and on top of that, they are now given an abundance of other labels when they are released. Some of those labels include, “convict,” “criminal,” “dangerous,” and “antisocial.” When labels are given to an offender or a would-be offender in a mean manner, their risk of offending increases. This can also be predicted by the reintegrative shaming
In the 1970s, prison was a dangerous place. Prison violence and the high numbers of disruptive inmates have led prison authorities to seek new ways to control prisoners. At first, prison staff sought to minimize contact with prisoners by keeping them in their cells for a majority of the day. As time went on, the prison authorities began to brainstorm the idea of having entire prisons dedicated to using these kinds of procedures to control the most violent and disruptive inmates. By 1984, many states began construction on super-maximum prisons.
The cells in which inmates are kept are very small; they have a toilet, a shelf, a desk and a bed that contains a thin mattress (Shalev, 2011). Inmates are not allowed to have physical contact with their visitors. In fact, they cannot even see them face to face in certain facilities. Inmates cannot participate in any work activities, and only if the facility offers it can they receive small amounts of educational programs on a television on a secured circuit (Shalev, 2011). The only time inmates are permitted to leave their cell is to exercise inside a caged enclosure for about an hour a day. Most cells contain a solid door with a single slot so that inmates may be cuffed or received their meals. Also, depending on the facility they may have a small rectangular window in their cell that is extremely small. The most common way that inmates communicate is through shouting because the cells are set up so that no contact can be made to other inmates.
most of the units being understaffed, prison gangs and prison violence is hard to control in these type of
As stated previously the results of this study came with shock some value along with affirmation for many theorists. “Correctional officers work directly with inmates, and their perceptions of inmates either enhance or reduce the possibility of stress” (Misis, Kim, Cheeseman, Hogan, and Lambert, 2013). This study opened the door for psychologist to continue to research the ramifications of incarcerations in many realms and spectrums. The rapid deterioration of the mock inmates due to the immediate acceleration of aggression by the subject prison guards, enables psychologist to test the theory of inhumanity by ways of social behavior social
"Today's system, where imprisonment is a common penalty for most crimes, is a historical newcomer." Many crimes during 1718 and 1776 were punishable by death. This was usually done by hanging, sometimes by stoning, breaking on the rack and burning at the stake. Towards the end of the 1700's people realized that cruel punishment did little to reduce crime and their society was changing the population grew and people started to move around more frequently. There had to be a search for new punishments. "New punishments were to rely heavily on new ideas imported from Europe in the writing of such social thinkers of the Enlightenment as the baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, Thomas Pain and Cesare Beccaria". These thinkers came to believe that criminals could be rehabilitated."
The definition of justice and the means by which it must be distributed differ depending on an individual’s background, culture, and own personal morals. As a country of many individualistic citizens, the United States has always tried its best to protect, but not coddle, its people in this area. Therefore, the criminal justice history of the United States is quite extensive and diverse; with each introduction of a new era, more modern technologies and ideals are incorporated into government, all with American citizens’ best interests in mind.
Furthermore, it will be looking at whether punishment could be re-imagined, and if so, what would it entail? The use of prison as a form of punishment began to become popular in the early 19th century. This was because transportation to colonies had started to decrease; transportation was the removing of an individual, in this case an offender, from its country to another country; usually for a period of seven to ten years and in some cases for ever. During this time prison was now being used as a means for punishment, this was in response to the declining of transportation to colonies. Thus, instead of transporting offenders to other colonies, they were now being locked away behind high walls of the prison.
Prison was designed to house and isolate criminals away from the society in order for our society and the people within it to function without the fears of the outlaws. The purpose of prison is to deter and prevent people from committing a crime using the ideas of incarceration by taking away freedom and liberty from those individuals committed of crimes. Prisons in America are run either by the federal, states or even private contractors. There are many challenges and issues that our correctional system is facing today due to the nature of prisons being the place to house various types of criminals. In this paper, I will address and identify three major issues that I believe our correctional system is facing today using my own ideas along with the researches from three reputable outside academic sources.
The mass media uses prison life as the source for movies and television shows. Over the years there have been many movies written about prison but the most prominent in my mind is Frank Darabont’s, The Shawshank Redemption. Throughout the film there are many examples of the falsities of prison life. There are some elements of truth but they are out weighed by the misconceptions. Numerous prisoners are allowed to walk around the prison and the prison yard with no guards in sight. In actuality there are always guards around, especially on the inside. The prisoner’s movement through the prison is highly restricted.