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Matthew Stern
Mr.Suriano
Period 5
Animal Farm Background Report
Karl Marx
Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 and he died on March 14, 1883. Marx was born in Trier, Germany. He was a philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. Marx wrote “The Communist Manifesto” and “Das Kapital”. “The Communist Manifesto” was published on February 21, 1848. The book was on the book talks about the problems of capitalism and about class struggle. His book “Das Kapital” is a book that critiques political economy. Karl Marx is famous for being the creator of communism.
Czar Nicholas II
A czar is an emperor of Russia before 1917. Czar Nicholas II full name is Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov. Nikolai was born in Tsarskoye Selo, Russia. Nikolai was born on May 18, 1868 and died July 17, 1918. The word abdicate mean to leave one's position of king or queen or give up the throne. Nikolai didn’t give up the throne by choice he was forced by Petrograd insurgents. Nikolai, his wife and his five children were shot by the Ural Soviet.
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Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Kerensky was born on May 4, 1881 and died June 11, 1970. Kerensky was from Ulyanovsk, Russia. After the fall of the Czar, Kerensky became a Prime Minister. Kerensky's government was called the Provisional Government (he was the Prime Minister of this government). Kerensky finally abdicated and was no longer the Prime Minister. Lastly, Kerensky ended up going to New York City. Kerensky ended up teaching Russian politics and history.
Vladimir Lenin
Lenin was born in Ulyanovsk, Russia on April 22, 1870. Lenin died January 21, 1924, Gorki Leninskiye, Russia. Lenin’s entire real name is Vladimir Illych Ulyanov. Lenin changed his name because he wa...
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...f people we starving and dying of starvation, which was not good at all.
Terms
Bolshevik - a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which was renamed the Communist Party after seizing power in the October Revolution of 1917.
Mensheviks -a member of the non-Leninist wing of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party, opposed to the Bolsheviks and defeated by them after the overthrow of the tsar in 1917.
Russian Orthodox Church - The Eastern Orthodox Church that is under the leadership of the patriarch of Russia and has autonomous branches in other countries.
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Bourgeois - of or characteristic of the middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes.
Proletariat - workers or working-class people, regarded collectively (often used with reference to Marxism).
The animals in the book “Animal Farm” hoped to achieve unity, equality. trust/truth, prosperity, better quality of life, freedom and individuality, in terms of the revolution. This was achieved at the beginning of the revolution, which made it a success, but in the end the revolution was a failure.
Fiehn, Terry, and Chris Corin. Communist Russia under Lenin and Stalin. London: John Murray, 2002. Print.
Tsarism during the period after the 1905 revolution and the March revolution of 1917 faced a ‘wave of social discontent’ (Hobsbawm, 1995, p. 57). This was no surprise, as there was many who during that period had thought that there was a ‘straight road [to] a socialist future’ (Hobsbawm, 1995, p. 57). However many saw that there was not the means to happen in Russia at the time. Hobsbawm plants the idea of a Bourgeoisies revolution and the class struggles, combined with Karl Marx’s ideas about the impending revolutions. Centralised in Europe was the ideas of socialism and revolution. Hobsbawm reflects the ideas of the time, that they were ‘helpless’ by 1914 and by 1916 the majority followed. This was just the popular opinion of the time of the Russian public. Although he jumps between times, starting with the October revolution then jumping to the ‘overthrow(ing) of Tsarism’ (Hobsbawm, 1995, p. 57) then back to the post October revolution. This does not affect the readability of the section. It gives a well-rounded description of the period to form a good base for Part II.
Tchaikovsky was born on May 7, 1840 in Vatkinsk, a town about 600 miles east of Moscow. His father, Ilya Petrovich, earned a profitable living by working as a director in the metal working industry and as a mine inspector. His mother Alexandra was a busy housekeeper and mother of six, with Peter being the second oldest. Peter began his studies of music when he was just five years old. Music had became an important pastime to upper-middle class. It was only a short while before Peter's talents began to shine. Peter, after taking some basic lessons, began to have a great feel for the piano. At the age of 10 he enrolled at a Russian boarding school called Jurisprudence in the town of St. Petersburg. There he would study the basic arts where he soon found a passion for music.
Humankind has always had a thirst for power; over its peers, environment and spiritual beliefs. To quench this thirst it has gone as far as genocide; but has often employed more subtle techniques, such as mind control. In today’s socio-economical and political worlds, mind control plays a key role in dictating tastes and lifestyles; as well as controlling political thoughts, views, and people’s understanding of the world. It is accomplished using various channels to condition people’s thinking. Publicity and advertisement campaigns saturate people with products, broadcasting over radio, and television which in itself is a prime example. Many religions employ mind control, conditioning their followers to obey without questioning.
A temporary government was set up to decide on what kind of government Russia was going to set up. Two political parties were set up. The Bolsheviks were one of the two. The leader of the Bolshevik party was a man named Lenin. Lenin was a firm believer in the theories and ideas of Karl Marx.
By March 1917, disasters on the battlefield, combined with food and fuel shortages on the front, brought the monarchy to collapse. In St. Petersburg workers were going on strike. Marchers, mostly women were shouting, "Bread! Bread! Bread!" Troops refused to fire on demonstrators, leaving the government helpless. Duma politicians setup a temporary government/ Middle class liberals prepared a constitution for a new Russian republic. At the same time they continued the war with Germany. That decision proved fatal. Most Russians were fed up with the war and returned home, leaving the front. Peasants wanted land and people wanted food. Cities set up soviets, council of workers and soldiers, which worked dramatically within the government. Before long a radical social group took charge called the Bolsheviks emerged. Their leader was V.I. Lenin.
It was was a dark night, all the animals huddled around Old Major to hear what he had to say about his dream. It turns out Old Major talks about rebelling against man so that all animals can have a better life. Ironically, after Rebellion, no one except Napoleon has a better life and he makes their lives even harsher. This is a story of communism, this is the story of Animal Farm.
Born March 2nd 1931, in Privolnoye a village named after its open or vastness. Gorbachev was the first born and remained the only child until the age of sixteen. Russia had been in turmoil since the communist revolution in 1917 led by Lenin. Lenin's successor Stalin had millions of his people murdered in the name of communism. A third of villagers from Privolnoye were
Inspired by the works of Karl Marx, V.I. Lenin nonetheless drew his ideology from many other great 19th century philosophers. However, Marx’s “Communist Manifesto” was immensely important to the success of Russia under Leninist rule as it started a new era in history. Viewed as taboo in a capitalist society, Karl Marx started a movement that would permanently change the history of the entire world. Also, around this time, the Populist promoted a doctrine of social and economic equality, although weak in its ideology and method, overall. Lenin was also inspired by the anarchists who sought revolution as an ultimate means to the end of old regimes, in the hope of a new, better society. To his core, a revolutionary, V.I. Lenin was driven to evoke the class struggle that would ultimately transform Russia into a Socialist powerhouse. Through following primarily in the footsteps of Karl Marx, Lenin was to a lesser extent inspired by the Populists, the Anarchists, and the Social Democrats.
The Russian Revolution began in 1917. However, many factors led up to this revolution and there were also several effects. For instance, absolute monarchy, World War 1, and philosophy. Accordingly, the fact that Czar Nicholas II lacked leadership skills was also a cause. The Bolsheviks led the Russian Revolution. At the beginning, there was absolute monarchism which meant that the authority to run a state was completely in the hands of a king who ruled by divine right.Later on, there was a Priest that brought a list of grievances and he also represented workers on strike. The workers felt that they were treated unfair and had no rights. This led to January 22, 1905, also known as Bloody Sunday. Thousands of workers went to the Czar’s palace petitioning for better working conditions, to which then riots broke out. The outcome of Bloody Sunday was that to end the revolution, Nicholas II agreed to create a Duma.
Bolshevik in Russian means “One of the majority.” Bolsheviks are members of a wing of the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party. The Bolshevik party was lead by Vladimir Lenin. The Bolshevik party took control over the government in Russia in October of 1917...
As communication was poor to the rural areas of Russia, the peasants had little or no knowledge of political parties and so did not support the Bolsheviks in their takeover. When the Bolsheviks changed to the Communist party in 1918, many peasants believed these to be a new party challenging Bolshevism and so made banners saying ’Down with the Communists, Long live the Bolsheviks!’ The national minorities currently part of the Russian empire, predominately Finland and Poland, were demanding independence and Russia’s allies, Britain, France, USA, Japan, etc. were growing ever suspicious of Bolshevism and so were set to intervene if the Bolsheviks were to pull out of World War 1.
Animal Farm, a novel by George Orwell, was a story of courage and corrupt government. It was set on a farm in England. This setting is very important to the story itself and the characters in it. It made the plot a lot more interesting and influenced all the characters.