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Health Science 20: Marinelle Hernandez
Ethical Decision Making
Abortion (Deliberately removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus) is generally safe for the mother if it is done by a professional. However, like any medical treatment, it has the probability of going wrong - especially when it is done later in the pregnancy. The main risks of abortion are infections in the womb (1 in 10 abortions), remainings of the pregnancy staying in the womb (1 in 20 abortions), continuation of pregnancy (1 in 100 abortions) excessive bleeding (1 in 1,000 abortions), damage to the cervix (1 in 100 abortions), and damage to the womb (1 in 250-1,000 abortions and less than 1 in 1,000 abortions done at 12-24 weeks). There
The word ethics is derived from the Greek word ‘ethos’ meaning character or conduct. It is typically used interchangeably with word moral which is derived from the Latin word ‘moves’ which means customs or habits. Ethics refers to conduct, character and motivations involved in moral acts. Ethics are not imposed by a profession, by law but by moral obligation. It is unwritten code of conduct that encompasses both professional conduct and judgement. Ethics helps support autonomy and self-determination, protect the vulnerable and promotes the welfare and equality of human beings. An ethical dentist- patient relationship is based on trust, honesty, confidentiality, privacy and the quality of care.1
Making the moral right decision is never seen on paper. What could be seen as the right thing to do, may not be the right thing for other people. Also, making decisions and then having to face them later on, can impose a difficult problem for many people. Many of us have made a decision that we end up regretting later on. In the healthcare field, decision making could be life and death of a patient
Abortion is defined by the most reliable source, the dictionary, as "a fatally premature expulsion of a fetus from the womb." Abortions are performed in a variety of ways. The procedure depends on how long the woman has been pregnant and where she decides to have the abortion. The most common methods of abortion in the United States are: menstrual extraction, suction curettage, D&E, saline, prostaglandin, and hysterectomy. (MDCH 2)
There are many risks that come along with having an abortion that the patient learns about before having the operation ("Abortion"). Cancer is one of the risks. Women with a history if one abortion face 2.3 times higher risk of getting cervical cancer and when the woman has had two or more abortions, the risk rises to 4.92 times. These increased cancer rates for post-abortion may be linked to the disruption of the hormonal changes or stress on the immune system ("Abortion"). Another risk is uterine perforation, in which two to three percent of all abortion patients suffer from, though most go undiagnosed. Damage to the uterus can lead to different problems later in life with pregnancies that can cause fetal malformation, prenatal death, and excessive bleeding during labor ("Abortion").
Abortion is the termination of a human pregnancy that does not end in birth of a child. There are two types of abortion-medical abortion and surgical abortion. Medical abortion can be done before 49 days of pregnancy by using pharmaceutical drugs. Surgical abortion takes place by using surgical instruments between 6-14 weeks of pregnancy. Both methods are safe. It depends on the size of fetus and week of pregnancy. An abortion, which is the removal of a fetus from a woman’s body, should be allowed because of women’ s freedom, life opportunities and victim protection.
Abortions make different women suffer in different ways. There are so many serious physical complications each year resulting from abortions. Are the health risks really worth it? Breast, cervical, ovarian, and liver cancers are higher risks in women who have abortions. Perforation of the uterus and cervical lacerations are possibilities while aborting. Placenta Previa, which is where the placenta blocks the neck of the uterus and interferes with normal delivery of the baby, has higher risks in pregnancies following abortions. Women are also at higher risks for ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus) and handicapped newborns in later pregnancies.
Abortion is very cruel to the baby and even harms the mother. It is murder!There are many different procedures for abortions, all gruesome and pain inflicting on the baby. Suction Aspiration (vacuum curettage) makes up for 98% of first trimester abortions. The cervix is first dilated. Then a suction tube with a sharp cutting edge is inserted which rips the baby to pieces. It then sucks out all the remains.
Physician-assisted suicide refers to the physician acting indirectly in the death of the patient -- providing the means for death. The ethics of PAS is a continually debated topic. The range of arguments in support and opposition of PAS are vast. Justice, compassion, the moral irrelevance of the difference between killing and letting die, individual liberty are many arguments for PAS. The distinction between killing and letting die, sanctity of life, "do no harm" principle of medicine, and the potential for abuse are some of the arguments in favor of making PAS illegal. However, self-determination, and ultimately respect for autonomy are relied on heavily as principle arguments in the PAS issue.
...most common risk is death. Death is a very common risk if you decided to abort in your late term because you are losing lots of blood which came from the baby that you were going to have. Therefore think about your decision twice and don’t make the same mistake twice.
The procedure causes health complications for the mother, inflicts pain on a living fetus, and kills the unborn baby. Late-term abortion induces innumerable physical health complications to the patient, including severe infections, extreme bleeding, and damage to the uterus. In addition, one analysis, in relation to abortion problems, states, “from 1988 to 1997 found the risk of death increased by 38% for each additional week of gestation, during the pregnancy.” (Jones).
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability (dictionary.com). Those who disagree with abortion think that this is not right, evil and a form of murder. All of those thoughts are correct: abortion is the act of removing a fetus from the protection of the mother’s uterus. However, is it not the duty of the mother to protect her unborn child? In this day in age, we are still allowing this barbaric method of ending a pregnancy to happen, despite the many alternatives.
Given all these points, such as abortion in other states/countries like in China, risks like damaging the uterus, and options such as adoption. Are you still considering abortion? Think of all these consequences and risks before choosing. Remember that this is all your decision and choose it wisely.
Years ago when a women would get pregnant she would have a baby. Today accidental pregnancies are solved by a method called abortion. With this method the newly formed fetus is basically removed from the mother’s body and destroyed. Although the whole process of having an abortion seems not especially pleasant, they seem to be popular.
Some victims who have abortion suffer life threatening complications such as heavy bleeding, fever and infection. It can also lead to problems in a future pregnancy, such as miscarriages, premature births, and children born with handicaps, because any problem or change in a woman's reproductive organs may affect the development of her children. Other victims suffer from depression because of overwhelming feelings of regret or guilt after the abortion. To cope with this they might become an alcoholic or drug addict, others commit suicide.