In 1498, spices were what made people wealthy and were very valuable. Pepper is the most common spice and it came from a tropical vine named Piper Nigum. It originated from India and can grow up to twenty feet and one vine can produce at least ten kilograms of spice. Pepper comes in like three forms: black, white and green. Since there were no refrigerators the people had to smell their food to see if it was still “good” so they used the spices to give it a different taste if it wasn’t so it wouldn’t taste rotten it would just taste dry, smoked, and salty. What caused pepper to be so refined was that both black and white pepper had Piperine. It is a compound with a chemical formula of C17H19O3N. There was an experiment done on piperine and …show more content…
Other compounds were used and they had good benefits and bad ones to the point of widespread destruction. Most of the explosives contain a nitro group this group has a nitrogen and two oxygens. Gunpowder would be perfect example of one of the things invented it was used in china, Arabia, and India. In this component there was nitrate salt (KNO3). The oxygen is what gave the gunpowder its black color. Gunpowder was originally used in firecrackers and fireworks. The chemical reaction of gunpowder is 4KNO3 + 7C+ S 3CO2 + 3CO + 2N2 + K2CO3 + K2S. (Burreson). A blend of liquor and water was utilized to deliver a powder that hardened and could be smashed, the finer the powder the faster it will burn. (Burreson). The reason for explosives making such destruction is because the shock wave is caused by very rapid increase in volume as gas forms and the shock wave travels a hundred meters per second and they give off large amounts of heat. (Burreson). In the explosive the nitro compounds N2 is formed. The structure of N2 has a triple bond so that’s why it’s so strong. The number of nitro groups depends on the explosiveness and power. Later workers started to suffer from headaches due to them dealing with nitroglycerin and it caused people to suffer from a heart disease called angina pectoris. This disease caused dilation of blood vessels from the heart muscle which allows the flow of blood and releases the pain. In 1833, a man named Alfred found a way to make a larger explosion by just adding a little gunpowder to nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin was frequently polluted by the corrosive utilized as a part of the assembling process and tended to gradually break down. The gases created by this disintegration would pop the plugs of the zinc jars in which the dangerous was pressed for
History has proven the use of chemical weapons ranging back for decades. From the Greeks in ancient Europe using Greek fire to South American tribes using a form of tear gas made of grounded up hot chili peppers to scare away enemy tribes. As well as dipping the tips of spear heads with a poisonous toxin. Poisonous toxins used from live reptiles like frogs and venom from the snakes found from whichever region had enough potency venom to exterminate. The past has proven, that in order for Armies to survive and win, it relied on out smarting the enemy. New technologies and the evolution of weaponry were left to the brightest minds from those eras to develop.
A mostly non violent conflict that occasionally flared into brutality. And indirectly contributed to the collapse of the Roman Empire that spent two digit tonnes of gold on importing spices annually, which later helped spread the plague to Italy. Later in the 16th century the English and Dutch stepped up to compete in spice trade and global violence. Some regimes were established to control nutmeg and mace production. Locals were enslaved for workforce, power was ruthlessly enforced by mercenary samurai warriors hired in Japan and problematic villages razed. Spices commanded such high prices because of the mystery surrounding them as well as their string flavors and strong, pleasant scents. Battles were fought over control od the spice trade, especially by the Portuguese, but in the end, as people grew tired of over spiced food, and the mystery surrounding the spice’s origins were discovers, spices greatly decreased in value. However, the spice trade influenced explores to go out in search of new trade routes to cut out Muslim middlemen, discovering new routes to Asia and even the discovery of the
Although there were countless developments across all the countries involved in the war, they all mass produced and used a similar weapon, which was the rifle. The rifle was the number one cause of casualties in the war. The rifle was a soldier’s best friend and caused deadlocks across various war theatres. These deadlocks were broken by different inventions, one of them was poison gas. Gas was later used on a mass scale loaded into artillery shells launched mainly by Germany. After the first big encounter of gas in the battle of Ypres, the Allies then used planes to watch where the Central powers set up gas
In 1044 AD Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide wrote a treatise called “Wujing Zongyao” or “Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques” in which several formulas for making powerful blasting powder with a large percentage of nitrate were contained. These experiments with and improvements of gunpowder formulas led to more powerful weapons, including bombs (Needham, Joseph (1986e), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7: Military Technology; The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge: Cambridge University
I believe that the environment deiced whether a society will or will not have technology, militaristic and farming abilities imbedded within the society. That will give an advantage so that one society is better equipped than others.
In the time of Europe many difficulties came across. The trade to the new word became a trade boom in the 15th century. There was import demand on the companies and the rising export supply became too much for the natives to handle. In the rise of exports the supplies had to be shipped from Asia to the Americans. In the American land, where the majority of Europeans desired to sail to, the new sailors that came were not accepted as Americans, though none were truly considered Americans until later in the time of America. “The sea trade had multiplied by leaps and bounds” (Hale, John R.513). The route of trade was soon taken by Spain and some of the ships were entering to the new world. There was a demand for food in Europe at the time of Columbus and the main sea route for trade was between the North Sea and the Mediterranean. As the trade increased, Europe began to receive products including, pepper, this gave Europe the better of a chance to sail to the new world. The trade in Europe made Europeans richer in the sense of knowledge and began to bring Europeans to a different level of communication with the other lands.
Before beginning about the history of ball bearing or bullet ball guns, which are referred to as BB guns in short, let’s take a quick peep at some of the most interesting facts about air guns:
War from the 16th Century to the Invention of Gunpowder The invention of the powerful artillery guns would change man’s role in warring engagements. The artillery guns at first were very limited by their own design. The guns were very heavy and had to be transported by water, which meant that only towns and fortresses that were close to a body of water could be attacked with artillery also known as the cannon. There were also some fortresses that were impervious to the early cannon attacks based on strong designs or natural defenses.
So how did warfare change before and after the introduction of gunpowder. Based on moral traditions, historical backgrounds, and the economic/social/political effects on society as a whole. Even religious beliefs affected warfare before and after gunpowder. Many Prophets in biblical times didn't promote warfare. Falling to religious practices and morals was the go to. (Hebrew Studies). In many situations tribes and villagers would make peace through trades of goods or cooperation. Keeping this in mind, Morals and values made the use of warfare in general as a bad promotion of action when none is needed. Warfare was not only for defense but aggression.
What is the importance of the gun? The gun is one of the most important tools in the defense of our nation. Guns are responsible for a lot of death and injuries, but these things were going on before the existence of the gun. Guns aren't the reason for the death and injuries, they are just a means to it. They are tools and an engineering marvel of our age. The gun has evolved from a simple weapon that caused limited destruction to the modern gun that is so fast and powerful it is capable of mass destruction. Through the evolution of the gun, it has become a political tool.
Railguns are not only simple, there are numerous benefits to them (see fig. 4) (see fig. 5). The railguns have farther range than modern weapons, allowing ground-based artillery to provide more precise and lethal ground support (Osborn). Troops on the ground will be safer and will not have to engage in firefights. Also, if the Navy is able to utilize this technology they will be able to destroy enemy ships without ever being in their firing range. All in all, railguns will save the lives of numerous soldiers. However, there are disadvantages to railguns. The main one being the durability of the railgun. Though it is built from strong metals, the railgun is unable to avoid wearing out relatively quickly. Railguns undergo immense pressure
In Firearms: A Global History to 1700, Kenneth Chase investigates why Europe perfected firearms when the Chinese invented them. Kenneth Chase is an attorney at law who received his PhD in East Asian Languages and Civilizations from Harvard University. He uses primary sources in the form of texts and paintings as well as secondary sources in this monograph to trace the origin and spread of firearms. He also uses these sources to characterize militaries and determine why they used or did not use firearms. Chase dismisses the notion that the discrepancy between Eastern and Western firearms development was the result of cultural aversion. If anything, he argues that Europeans were more averse to firearms due to its association to Satan and a general
Ammonium nitrate was a key ingredient in a bomb that killed hundreds of people. It is an odorless crystal salt that can be either white or grey. It is created by a combination of ammonia and nitric acid. (ammonium Nitrate fact sheet). The primary uses for this chemical are fertilizers and cold packs, as well as military explosives (Mathews J, 2014). Not only is it an oxidizer but under enough heat and pressure, it can explode (ammonium Nitrate fact sheet). This explosive property leads to it being labeled a hazardous chemical in toxicology reports. In the past it has been a part of terrorism attacks such as the Oklahoma City bombing and accidental explosions in fertilizer factories. The Oklahoma City bombing is known as
There is nothing better then realizing that each indigenous people evolved into something better or that they found ways to survive in situations they weren’t use too. There were many changes that happened over time that cause for situations to change for everyone around them. But it also has helped with being able to progress with the way they lived. Jared diamond the author of Guns, Germs and Steel interpret his famous theory oh how we came to be. How the geography luck helped each country developed more rapidly than others as well as being able to expand more. However they also had geography luck when it came to how many advantages they had with the technology nevertheless, germs also was a big part of how the conquered most of the lands because it would kill instantly millions of european and
Over the years, people at war have come up with better and better ways of killing their enemy. Long ago, spears were used to kill; so were swords, bow and arrows, and knives. Somehow, destroying someone's else's people and territory makes us a lot better at coming up with new things. Guns, as a result of this, have gotten bigger and more destructive by each and every decade. Especially when it comes to machine guns; there are many different kinds with different aspects that make them better than guns of yesterday.