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The trans atlantic slave trade and the economy
The trans atlantic slave trade and the economy
European colonization
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“Gold, God and Glory” were motivators of exploration and led Europeans to colonize in ways that fostered economic development and Christianization. The conquest of European expansion and or conquest of the 15-16th century was mainly led by the declination of resources as well as essentials for new ones. European nation-states rivaled by two nations wanting to gain these increasingly scarce resources due to the depletion. This meant that all nation-states were aggressively looking for new land. They dreamed of finding new territories and gaining enormous riches. There was a big demand for resources in almost all parts of Europe because of the population pressure. They were rebounding from the plague, where economy underwent abrupt and extreme inflation and people abandoned their …show more content…
New assets were required to fulfill the yearn of necessities needed for Europe to sustain its increasing population. They were trying to rebuild their economy and they started by building ships for trade and discovery of new worlds. Due to this there was an obligation for timber but as deforestation occurred they were in search for more. Luckily when new lands were found there was large quantities of timber leading to the need to colonize. The new territories not only supplied timber but human capital, or in other words slavery. The natives that lived in these newly found territories were captured and sold for money. Cortez and his conquest for Mexico led to his control of natural resources as well as enslavement of natives. When more countries and explorers saw this opportunity to take people and use them as personal laborers they jumped to the occasion. Soon slavery became even more profitable than spices. Encomiendas and haciendas were an interesting way to claim that slaves were not just laborers and brought immense riches to Europe. The desire to be the wealthiest and biggest nation was what all fantasized about especially Spain who was not only
The small environment no longer had enough resources to sustain such a large population which motivated them to subdivide and move on. They expanded southward and eastward. They developed seasonal rounds of activity and movement. Climate change expanded the temperate forest throughout North America allowing them to become more familiar with their land. Early Americans. Soon the domestication of plants and animals established. They developed different cultures traditions diets and languages. During the late fifteenth century, Europeans developed the navigational technology and ambitions which allowed them to explore and conquer the world's seas. The Atlantic Ocean once a barrier became a bridge to vast lands and people. The Europeans traveled to the West Indies and India by traveling around Africa. The new discoveries transformed Europe into one of the most dominant continents. European Christians first felt surrounded by their Muslim neighbors. The Muslims were more a more powerful religion extended to North Africa, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. The Europeans Christians got an opportunity to break out of the Muslim world and spread their beliefs to the newly discovered world and search for the trade riches such as gold, silks, and
The European monarchs and rulers of the 17th and 18th centuries wanted to increase their power both domestically and globally by adding to their territories and populations. Both in merging their power internally and expanding their power externally, they employed three features of state-building: control, extraction, and integration. In the late 1700s, both the Industrial revolution and French revolution of 1789 strengthened the idea that Europeans were different from the rest of the world. It also strengthened that Europeans were “succeeding” promptly while the rest of the world seemed to be declining, that Europeans were somehow extraordinary and better than the rest.” (Robert Marks page 10).
One of the earliest conquests was the Portuguese exploration in West Africa that brought back gold and slaves to their land in the early 13th century causing queen Elizabeth to decide to give Columbus expedition a green light, this expedition sought for trade routes and creating a catholic influence in Asia.
He meant that economically open doors for countries throughout Europe to stimulate their economy. Describe the different global economies that Europeans participated in or created during the European age of expansion. A global economy was made solely reliant on produce of its province; gaining free labor from slaves also shipment bringing in byproduct colonies. This encouraged growth for Europe to extend their boarder and riches. One of the most striking features of Indian societies at the time of the encounter with Europeans was their diversity. Support this statement with several examples. Examples of this can be irrigation, roadway systems, the pyramids, and the diversity of different languages in different cities. Compare and contrast European values and ways of life with those of the Indians. Consider addressing religion, views about ownership of land, gender relations, and notions of freedom. The Indians believed that if they lived on property then it is theirs but if it is not inhabited then it is free where as Europeans believe that wealth comes from land ownership and fortune. Indian women won homes and tools and European women do not. What were the main factors fueling the European age of expansion? The main factors for expansion were resource, new route to India resource and pillaging. Compare the different economic and
An ocean route was sought to the countries that were believed to contain riches beyond European comprehension, thus avoiding having to pay hundreds of miscellaneous middlemen involved with trade, also making for a shorter journey. These motivations were accompanied by the desire to convert the heathen to Christianity, which had been declining since the rise of Islam. By uniting some of the Western Asian countries with Christianity, Europeans hoped to form a formidable team against the Turks and recover the valuable Holy Land (Morison, p.55).
For instance, the human population trebled from about 1000-1350 and main reason is due to migrations (Davis, 245). Civilizations such as Vikings, Saracen, and Magyar migrated to Northern Europe and France (Davis, 250). Hence, the area of northern Europe and France was open and deserted and fully of resources such as food, animals and spaces (Davis, 250). Therefore, due to the affluent of quantity resources, this cause an attraction and driven a massive of people and civilizations to migrated in northern Europe and France. As results, there were increases and spread of population rapidly that filled the spaces and by 1300-1350 Europe was closed and the frontier was gone (Davis, 250). Furthermore, the drastic increased of human population in northern Europe and France led into a crisis of an economic and agricultural causing drought and poverty. Reason being there was a limitation and regulation. Limitation at some level of scarcity of one or more resources such as food, transport or space and regulation that brings the population to the limits set by the environment (Davis, 249). The increase of human populations totally occupied the deserted space and demands a higher quantity of food supply, in which creating a limitation and regulation in the population. For example, the pressure for land resulted in restriction of the use of forests, decrease in the size of the farms,
Europe gained power and world influences through commercial revolution during the 15th, 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The Commercial Revolution was a time when trade and business began to evolve, it developed the economies of Europe. Due to the Age of Exploration, Europeans discovered and colonized the Americas, which led to trading worldwide. Colonies were to benefit the mother countries in Europe through mercantilism. Mercantilism is an economic system where colonies provide raw materials for the mother countries to manufacture and sell/export the products. A mother country with more imports of silver, gold, and raw materials meant the more powerful; the more exports of manufactured goods and valuables meant the wealthier. Demand for goods
In the year of 1492, the Queen and King of Spain developed thoughts of strengthening their power and seeking new sources of wealth. This being stated the Queen and King had agreed on financing Christopher Columbus’s expedition, hoping it would bring the kingdom wealth (Ellis 2004). On October 12 Columbus had discovered a new location, due to this discovery; Latin America had been colonized by the Spanish conquistadors sent by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. Overall, Latin America had been colonized for the sake of seeking wealth (Ellis 2004). Obtaining gold was the simple way of gaining wealth. Gold was the resource that attracted Spaniards to the Island of Hispaniola, because it was also King Ferdinand's interest (De la Riva 2003 ). Thus it ended up becoming the ultimate goal of the Christian Spaniards sent to Hispaniola to acquire gold and swell themselves in riches. (Las Casas 1552).Trading was also the key to getting wealthy; the more resources available for trade the more wealth will be gained. Resources in the New World attracted the Spanish conquistadors to Latin America; it was also what he...
2. Age of Exploration--->Imperialism:During the age of exploration, several countries set out to gain land, and the power that comes with gaining land. Imperialism is an idea of one country or empire being superior to another due to their size or territorial rule. After the age of exploration, many nations now had enough land to claim rule over many countries. Without the age of exploration, imperialism would not have been so widespread due to the fact that most imperial controlled land was captured during the age of exploration.
From 711-1492, Christian Spaniards lived under Moorish rule until eventually, the Christian Kingdoms took over during the Reconquista. The conflicts between the Muslims and Christians created a militaristic culture in Spain that surpassed that of any other European nation. Furthermore, being trained militarily was often exclusively attributed to the nobility however, in Spain, “many young men knew these skills and used them to their advantage.” Without a doubt, recently reconquering their homeland motivated the Spanish to a basis for expansion and conquest that most other European societies were lacking. In addition, the voyages of Christopher Columbus led to discovering the New World which undoubtedly contributed to added interest in conquest. Eventually, each conquest further raised Spanish hopes for fame and
By the 18th century, European trade was at its highest with colonies being founded all through the world which provided good wealth not only to the wealthy but for everyone as well. The expansion of European management abroad in the form of colonies was supported by the state and merchants, who expected to increase their wealth and power as an outcome. It had taken just about a century following the successful expeditions of Portugal around Africa and Spain westward across the Atlantic for other European states to be a part of the Atlantic project. They did so by setting up colonies that displayed their passions. Other than using trade to assist the economy, the governments worked with the merchants to construct their economies to maximize the wealth of their nations. The taxes paid for by the merchants helped acquire the military and bureaucracies of the European nations. When Americas was founded, not only did gold and silver come into Europe, but food products did as well, such as: potatoes, yam, corn, and tomatoes. These new items were simpler to grow, which meant that the development of food was cheaper than it was before and less labour was needed. Europe’s population and how much land surface it
Many of the French people were left without homes, food or livestock, they were about to face a harsh winter and were unsure if they had enough seeds to plant crops the following year. The climatic changes that occurred over Europe had drastic consequences for agriculture, resulting in malnutrition which pre-disposed the populace to disease. Inflation increased and famine soon spread across Europe, resulting in many deaths. Around 1339, Europe’s population began to increase, this growth began to surpass the capacity of the land to feed its populace. Therefore, a severe economic crisis began to emerge....
There were two empires, their strength and influence unparalleled. During the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, Spain and England dominated all other countries due to their willingness to explore the unknown. These two nations created a legacy and changed the world forever, bringing about new lands, resources, and people. The early explorations of Spain and England were led by similar driving motivations and spreading of religious beliefs, however, the outcomes of each country’s presence in the New World varied.
The hunger for more natural resources and the need to trade for exotic goods were the main causes for European exploration and colonization. Even though religion was used as a “pretext” for European expeditions, “gold” was the real motive (1). Cippola further explains that, “Through the idea of mission and crusade the conquistadores succeeded where the medieval merchants failed and were able to reconcile the antithesis between business and religion that had plagued the conscience of medieval Europe”(2). Cipolla also discards Malthusian pressure as a possible cause for European expansion. Devastating and recurrent epidemics were constantly keeping the population growth in check and “no population pressure of any relevance was felt in Europe till the second half of the eighteenth century” (3). By eliminating these two powerful driving forces as the motivation for expansion, Cipolla claims that European expansion was basically a commercial venture (4). This expansion, being a very aggressive commercial venture, has some effect on the environment. The Europeans exploited the natural resources of the places they ‘discovered’. Excessive mining for natural resources and deforestation for shipbuilding are examples of environmental damages caused by European expansion (5). As the expansion spread throughout the world and the European Empires grew bigger and stronger, so did the pressure put on the environment to sustain this expansion.
Western Colonialism was a political and economic phenomenon where many European nations explored, conquered, settled and exploited large areas of the world. In the West colonialism began during the 15th century, which is also referred to as The Age of Discovery. The Age of Discovery was mainly led by a development in Human mobility. The flourishing technologies in the west at the time had endorsed European travel on a transcontinental scale, this then lead to colonization around the rest of the world. The travel around the Atlantic Ocean stimulated colonization. Furthermore, it is important to consider all the contributing factors that were key to the western worlds domination. Other key factors were their developed military forces, the ever