Galileo and Newton

Galileo believed the physical world to be bounded. He says that all

material things have "this or that shape" and are small or large in relation to

other things. He also says that material objects are either in motion or at

rest, touching or not touching some other body, and are either one in number,

or many. The central properties of the material world are mathematical and

strengthened through experimentation. Galileo excludes the properties of tastes,

odors, colors, and so on when describing the material world. He states that

these properties "reside only in the consciousness." These latter properties

would cease to exist without the living creature so the mathematically defined

properties are the most accurate in describing the material world. Galileo

seems to test his beliefs through experimentation and mathematical reasoning.

He sites examples in life that support his hypothesis. His argument is of a

scientific nature because he is making a hypothesis on a distinctive type of

concept. The conclusions that Galileo made relate directly to the work in

physics for which he is so well known. His conclusions put emphasis on shapes,

numbers, and motion which are all properties that lend themselves to support

through "reasoning back and forth between theory and experiment." I feel that

Galileo's argument is a valid one because it explains relations in nature and

the physical world through mathematical analysis. This allows him to define a

world outside of human existence that can be logically calculated and explained.

His view describes the world in which living creatures live and not contrasts it

to the world within living creatures. The problem with Galileo's view is that

it pioneers a scientific outlook but never actually fulfills it.

Newton believes the world is ultimately made up of hard particles that

can retain different properties. The central properties are solid, massy,

impenetrable, and movable particles. He believes God created matter in the

beginning in such a way to allow the particles to take on mathematical forms.

His approach is a scientific one because he practices the continual interaction

of experiment and theory. It is the hard particles that move in such a way that

can be assigned certain mathematical principles that clearly explain the

interaction of bodies. Newton's conclusion seems to be a strong one because it

deals with the world being made up of particles and shows how these particles

act with each other in a way that can be explained scientifically. I like the

idea of organized flow in the world and God being the creator of it all. The

mathematical/scientific approach offers explanation to how the particles are