Futura
Futura is a highly popular font that is widely used across the world. It was even used out of this world – the first type to be used on the moon.
The origin of this font can be traced back to the 1920’s when a German typeface designer, Paul Renner, created it. A German professor of the Bauhaus school, Jakob Erbar created the first geometric sans-serif typeface. It was designed for pure functionality, which was based on a circle, square and triangle. After this, Renner decided to improve on the typeface and improved it to be the font we know today.
Renner was born in 1878, and grew up in Wernigerode, Germany. He was a teacher, graphic designer, type designer and author. In 1926 he was a director at Munich’s Graphic Arts College, Later in 1927 he went on to become the director of the Munich Master Printers in 1927. He then wrote a book called Typography as Art in1922, he also wrote cultural Bolshevism in 1932.The Cultural Bolshevism later caused him dismissal from his directorship, because of the National Socialist Party. In his early studies Renner went on to explore different aspects of letterform that varied from the traditional roman form.
Two debates formed in German design around this time; tradition versus modernity. “Black-letter” or “gothic” letter was used only in Germany for the first half of the 20th century. Later the debate came between Gothic and roman type, this was an important debate for Renner as well as other artists of the applied arts. The second debate was on the most important aspect of the era, technology. Technology was highly influential from everywhere around the world. At first Renner was at the conservative side of the debate, but later Renner slowly moved towards the idea of roman type, tec...
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...nd; engraved in Futura. The fact that Futura was the first font on the moon instantly made it a very highly sought after, and most used font. The reason Futura was chosen to be used for the plaque is because of its crisp, geometrically derived letterforms. “Futura speaks in a clear and calm voice of an exciting modern age”(Typewriting,[sa]).
At the end of August 2009 a Swedish company selling ready to assemble furniture and home accessories, switched from Futura to Verdana. Companies changing fonts isn’t usually a big deal, but when the company made the switch the people noticed. The changes took place in all the catalogues and in store signs, which made people quite furious, as most of the people didn’t like the new change. There were complaints posted online form various customers, it was even mentioned with rudeness in newspapers and even on BBC radio.
To begin, Johannes Gutenberg was born 1395, in Mainz, Germany. He started experimenting with printing by 1438. He obtained backing in 1450 from the financier Johann Fust, whose impatience and other factors led to Gutenberg's loss of his establishment to Fust in 1455. Gutenberg's masterpiece, and the first book ever printed from movable type, is the “Forty-Two-Line” Bible, completed no later than 1455" (http://www.biography.com)". The first most important consequence of the printing press is that it chang...
Cuneiform was the first ever form of writing. The Sumerians were the main inventors of this writing. The symbol as we know them now consist of lines and wedges. One of the
As time passed, the Elder Futhark Symbols changed into a more easier writing script style.
By being educated at a young age in literacy, I included it in my pottery and also working for newspaper companies strengthened my form of expression. Working in the South Carolina Republican and then later on The Edgefield Hive as a typesetter, it was a good experience helping my literacy skills but I didn’t feel fully indulged. I did it because I had to but also to learn. By understand typography, I was able to understand the science of the anatomy of type. They taught me the use of size, spacing, and placement of typography in order to show hierarchy, direction and attraction. I became to understanding that type is a collective of shapes and strokes. Master Abner 's newspaper did not get a lot of publicity and hit a crisis, which led him to cease publication of the newspapers. Master Abner then moved to Columbia, South Carolina, in 1832. He decided to leave me back in Edgefield and...
In this research Landor they uncovered the truth about people disliking the word “Federal” because of its association with local government and the word “Express” as being too common and overused. Landor’s idea to shortened the name by joining the two words as FedEx since some business and individual patrons already shortening the name to FedEx. Many might already know, mostly graphic designers and logo makers, but FedEx’ logotype has an Easter egg, it is discreetly placed between the E and x. Lindon’s creative idea is to utilize the negative space between the “E” and “x”, to play with the figure and ground relationship, and that space is an arrow (Fig. 3). In an interview, Lindon detailed that he manipulated font types using two different font face, Univers and Futura, and increased x-heights on some of the characters to achieve the regular looking arrow, which is a representation of the companies attack on delivering the packages, speed and
Gabriel Faure was a French Romantic Composer, pianist, teacher and an organist. He was a very influential composer and his style of composition influenced many of the 20th century composers. He was one of the most prominent French composers of his era. Faure was known as one of the French master of the art song. He was awarded a scholarship to École de Musique Classique et Religieuse. His tutors respectively included; Clément Loret, Louis Dietsch, Xavier Wackenthaler, Saint-Saëns and Niedermeyer. Faure took up the post of an organist at the church of Saint-Sauveur at Rennes in Brittany. After the Franco-Prussian war Faure left France and took up teaching in Switzerland.
Maus is a graphic memoir by Art Spiegelman, about a father, Vladek, survivor of the Holocaust and a son, Arty, who wants to know what was it like living during the Holocaust era. During the holocaust years, Vladek was advised by a rabbi that his tattooed number will bring him luck. Throughout the story, he continues to personify the luck his number represents by being persistent and hardworking. Despite suffering starvation, thirst, and not feeling well, Vladek continues to remain humble by helping his fellow inmates. Many years passed after the war ended, Vladek was portrayed as this conservative man, but there was a reason behind that mask. Vladek did not want people to step over him like he was stepped on before; he wanted to teach Arty
In “The Fish” by Elizabeth Bishop, the narrator attempts to understand the relationship between humans and nature and finds herself concluding that they are intertwined due to humans’ underlying need to take away from nature, whether through the act of poetic imagination or through the exploitation and contamination of nature. Bishop’s view of nature changes from one where it is an unknown, mysterious, and fearful presence that is antagonistic, to one that characterizes nature as being resilient when faced against harm and often victimized by people. Mary Oliver’s poem also titled “The Fish” offers a response to Bishop’s idea that people are harming nature, by providing another reason as to why people are harming nature, which is due to how people are unable to view nature as something that exists and goes beyond the purpose of serving human needs and offers a different interpretation of the relationship between man and nature. Oliver believes that nature serves as subsidence for humans, both physically and spiritually. Unlike Bishop who finds peace through understanding her role in nature’s plight and acceptance at the merging between the natural and human worlds, Oliver finds that through the literal act of consuming nature can she obtain a form of empowerment that allows her to become one with nature.
Hardships from hostile experiences can lead to the degradation of one's mental and physical state, breaking down their humanity. Wilfred Owen's struggles with the Great War has led to his detailed insights on the state of war, conveying his first-hand experiences as a front-line soldier. 'Dulce et Decorum Est' and 'Insensibility' displays these ideas and exposes the harsh and inhumane reality of war. From the imagery and metaphors, Owen's ideas about the deterioration of human nature resonates with the reader of the repercussions of war.
Wölfflin, Heinrich. Principles of art history: The problem of the development of style in later art. Courier Dover Publications, 1950.
In the following essay I will discuss how the Bauhaus changed the way design was thought forever. Educators such as Johannes Itten, Gerhard Marcks and Hannes Meyers were significant in the shaping of the Bauhaus’s education system. Although their attitudes towards education differed, they worked together to bring a change to the world. I will also discuss the graduates; Josef Albers and Annie Albers, their work and how the Bauhaus influenced them.
Sokel, Walter H. The Writer in Extremis, Expressionism in Twentieth-Century German Literature. 1st ed. California: Stanford University Press, 1969.
A leader in the renewed attempt of art as science was Hippolyte Taine, who proposed that styles of art should be studied in the same way as plants are studied by botanists, and are subject to the same evolutionary development. At the same time in Germany, the name Kunstwissenschaft was applied to the historical writings of Semper, Fiedler, Burckhardt, and Riegl. In their writings, they strove for neutrality in comparative analysis i...
special type of ink. It does not back gold like it use to. In the future, we
Universal Studio’s have had 11 developments of their logo in-between 1914 and 2013. The first five of which are very rare to find. The first logo used between 1914 and 1919 shows a Saturn like shape, with ‘Universal’ written in the top half of the circle, ‘Films’ in the bottom half, ‘Trademark’ in very s...