Films Of Moral Struggle: Critical Response

James Park
Professor High
Films of Moral Struggle
9/30
Critical Response 2 According to Aristotle, justice can be defined as lawfulness and fairness. On the other hand, injustice is defined as lawlessness and unfairness. Justice can be divided into two different categories, which are universal and particular. Universal justice is the state of a person who is generally lawful and fair. Particular justice deals with divisible goods such as honor, money, and safety, where one person’s gain results in a corresponding loss by an other.
There are two forms of particular justice: distributive and rectificatory. Distributive justice deals with the allocation of wealth among the members of a community. It makes sure that the quantities of good each

Rectificatory justice deals with and fixes the unequal distributions of gain and loss arithmetically between two individuals. This specific justice is used in cases of injustice involving voluntary actions such as trading or involuntary occurrences such as assault or theft. Like current day, the justice is served in court where the judge restores a mean between the gains and losses of both individuals. Reciprocal justice, on the other hand, does not fit either distributive or rectificatory justice. Aristotle distinguishes reciprocal justice by utilizing an example that shows that if someone has wounded an official, he ought not to be wounded only but punished also. Further, if an official were to inflict a wound on someone, he should not suffer the same injury in return. However, it is never stated that the official is not open to be reprimanded. This example shows that the Pythagorean conception of reciprocity, “an eye for an eye”, is excluded for the official is not wounded in return. If the official were to be injured in return and the non-official were to not be punished in addition, this would fall into the category of rectification. Rectification requires equal return to both parties and this example clearly shows that the official to not be struck back while