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Importance of oil
Importance of crude oil in the world economy
U.S. involvement with the Middle East
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Fighting for Survival
For more than 100 years King Oil has reigned over all other sources of energy. Because of the significant impact of oil trades across the world, oil has proven to be the driving force of the U.S. energy sector and an important player in the global economy.
Every kingdom throughout history has had its share of war, and there is no exception for the oil crown. The oil sector continues to play a critical role in America’s fight for stability and prosperity. Oil continues to maintain its sovereignty over the United States and, by extension, the world because of the established infrastructure, American currency, and the necessity for national protection.
Infrastructure: We’ve Got It!
Solar, wind, and hydroelectricity are all great ideas, however as outlined in the recent Alternative Lie Series these alternatives still require extensive research and development (R&D) before they can be deemed as viable options to replace oil. Some of these alternate energy sources are simply too costly for the average American family, while others have components that are not safe for the environment. Until suitable energy alternatives are created, Americans can continue to depend on our established network of oil refineries and pipelines.
In the 1940s, America began laying its first underground oil and gas pipelines. We now have an expansive network that stretches more than 2 million miles, coast to coast, and transports over 11.3 billion barrels of oil each year.13,17 The shale drilling boom is expected to add an additional 400,000 miles of new gathering lines (the pipelines closest to the wellhead that transport oil or gas to a storage facility or larger main pipeline) in the next two decades.7
There are curr...
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...le revolution might just be the blade to end it all. Should this happen, the outcomes for petro-states remains unknown, but the scenarios are not ideal for anyone. For all we know, there could be societal break-down, mass poverty, and anarchy. As always the U.S. will likely be there to help pick up the pieces, for our own sake and for the good of the entire world.
Throughout history, kings have always been involved in wars and unfortunately there is no exception for King Oil. However, this time the war is not just about oil, the stakes are much bigger because this fight is for survival. We fight to maintain our continued stability and prosperity, a controlling stake in the global economic market, and suspension of hostilities around the world. Without our military presence around the world – both provoked by and enabled by oil – we probably wouldn’t succeed. 15
On the 9th of February 2004 TransCanada Corporation, an energy company based in Alberta, Canada proposed a plan for the installation and use of a pipeline that would stretch from Alberta, Canada to oil refineries in the Gulf Coast of Texas in the United States. The pipeline, titled the Keystone Pipeline, would be installed in four separate phases and once completed would transport up to 1.1 million barrels of synthetic crude oil per day. Phases two through four of the pipeline encompass the parts of the pipeline that would be installed in the United States and would be located in the states of North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, and Illinois. TransCanada is currently awaiting approval from the US government in order to begin the installation of the US portion of the pipeline.
After the Second World War, the world was more interesting in oil than ever before. The conflict itself made the countries of the world realize that oil was a serious factor in the quest for power. From this point in history, oil was considered the driving force behind a successful economy and therefore attaining power. Therefore the quest for oil heightened during and after World War II. In the effort to acquire more oil, many countries began to seek out additional locations to drill and this drove the United States to the Middle East. In late 1943 a man named DeGolyer who was a geologist went on a mission to Saudi Arabia to survey the possibility for oil. His mission there concluded that “the oil in this region is the greatest single prize in all history”. With such a conclusion it is not surprising that the United States began extremely concerned with the oil concessions there.
In 1991, Saddam Hussein decided to declare massive aggression on the countries bordering Iraq. The most affected country was Kuwait. Due to the nature of their ties with the United States, Iraq had a well organized and equipped army that was capable of causing massive instability in Kuwait. The United States could not let this happen because of the importance of Kuwait to the US. Kuwait and the US were heavily involved in the oil business with Kuwait being one of the biggest oil suppliers in the world to the US. The aggression by Saddam Hussein to Kuwait was also a major threat to other Arab nations in the region that had formed trade ties with the US. The involvement of the US in this aggression became the first major predicament that President Bush faced regarding foreign policies and relations. The US could not allow Saddam to take over the Arab nations as that would pose a major threat to the supply of oil to the US. In addition, Iraq would have control over 20% of the world’s major oil supplies in the world. As a result President Bush responded to the Iraq despot’s power play with Kuwait to mobilize a global coalition with Arab nations in “Operation Desert Storm” that repelled Saddam Hussein’s aggression in 1991 (Crab and Mulcahy 255).
Almost every single nation in our world today, the United States included, is extremely reliant on oil and how much of it we can obtain. Wars have been started between countries vying for control of this valuable natural resource. The United States as a whole has been trying to reduce its reliance on foreign oil and has had some success, especially with the discovery of the Bakken formation and projects like the Keystone Pipeline.
America is dependent on other nations for their ability to create energy. The United States is the world’s largest consumer of oil at 18.49 million barrels of oil per day. And it will continue to be that way for the foreseeable future considering the next largest customer of oil only consumes about 60% of what the U.S. does. This makes the U.S. vulnerable to any instability that may arise in the energy industry. In 2011, the world’s top three oil companies were Saudi Aramco (12%), National Iranian Oil Company (5%), and China National Petroleum Corp (4%). The risk associated with these countries being the top oil producers is twofold. One, they are located half way around the world making it an expensive to transport the product logistically to a desired destination. And two, the U.S. has weak, if not contentious,...
Pratt, Joseph A. “Exxon and the Control of Oil.” Journal of American History. 99.1 (2012): 145-154. Academic search elite. Web. 26. Jan. 2014.
The Keystone oil pipeline system was designed to carry over 830,000 barrels of oil per day from the oil sands of boreal forests in Canada to oil refineries and ports in the Gulf Coast. Half of the system is already built, including a stretch of pipeline that runs east from Alberta and south through North Dakota, South Dakota and Nebraska. The proposed 1,179-mile addition to the pipeline is now being reviewed by the States Department. The new addition to the pipeline would start in Hardisty, Alberta, cut diagonally through bisect Montana, South Dakota and Nebraska, and then on another addition would connect to existing pipelines to the Gulf Coast.
"Fighting for Our Lives" offers great insight into the current state of public dialogue. Deborah Tannen describes how our public interactions have increasingly become "warlike", in the way we discuss ideas, the way we cover the news, and the way we settle disputes. She observes that an adversarial approach has become the standard as much in public dialogue as it has in "just about anything we need to accomplish". Although she concedes that "conflict and opposition are as necessary as cooperation and agreement", she believes that the balance has been tipped in recent years. An "argument culture" has pervaded American culture, and the consequences are real.
El-Shazly, N. E. (1998). The Gulf tanker war: Iran and Iraq's maritime swordplay. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Aside from causing a major shift in geopolitical power, WWII also solidified the integral role oil played politically in national security. However, following the war the United States was no longer the world’s largest oil producer and was unable to maintain self-sufficiency as it had in the past. As a national security imperative oil was more important at this point than ever before. America’s war machine needed to be well oiled in case the new Cold War suddenly turned hot.
The United States has had several scares throughout its history in terms of oil, most turn out to be over exaggerations of a small event. However, these scares highlight a massive issue with the U.S. and that issue is the U.S.’s dependence on foreign oil. Why does it matter that our oil should come from over seas? In a healthy economy this probably wouldn’t be as relevant, but the U.S.’s economy is not exactly healthy at the moment. There are 4 things that I would like to address: what the problem is, how it affects us, what some solutions are, and what solutions I feel are best.
America is threatened by the destruction of their own environment. United States is known for their innovation towards alternative energy like solar power, wind power and nuclear power. However , these alternative energies are not completely beneficial towards the United States.
Wright, R. T., & Boorse, D. F. (2011). In addition to the rise in prices, another negative aspect of the U.S. dependency on foreign crude oil is the risk of supply disruptions caused by political instability in the Middle East. According to Rebecca Lefton and Daniel J. Weiss in the article “Oil Dependence Is a Dangerous Habit” in 2010, the U.S. imported 4 million barrels of oil a day, or 1.5 billion barrels per year, from “dangerous or unstable” countries. The prices at which these barrels are being purchased are still very high, and often lead to conflict between the U.S. and Middle Eastern countries. Lefton and Weiss also add that the U.S. reliance on oil from countries that are dangerous or unstable could have serious implications for our national security, economy and environment....
For most people, survival is just a matter of putting food on the table, making sure that the house payment is in on time, and remembering to put on that big winter coat. Prisoners in the holocaust did not have to worry about such things. Their food, cloths, and shelter were all provided for them. Unfortunately, there was never enough food, never sufficient shelter, and the cloths were never good enough. The methods of survival portrayed in the novels Maus by Art Spieglmen and Night by Elie Wiesel are distinctly different, but undeniably similar.
Using fossil fuels such as coal and oil is inefficient, dangerous, and otherwise a process that is known to eventually fail as a long lasting energy source. Yet, there is hope for the future of energy, this new hope has many shapes and forms, but requires a chance to be fully implemented in our everyday life. Such energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and hydro power are the key to our future. These energy sources are proven to be long lasting, safe, more reliable, and the next innovation. In short, all Americans should switch to renewable energy, resulting in a safer and more efficient world.