Injury Stats Approximately 2.4 million eye injuries occur annually in the United States. Of these 2.4 million, more than 40,000 result in permanent visual impairment. More than 13% of these eye injuries (over 310,000) are from sports-related activities alone. Every year, eye injury cost an estimated $300 million in the United States for job-related eye injuries, which accounts for only one-third of all eye injuries, according to the United States Eye Injury Registry. Functions Your eyes contain the receptors responsible for sight, which is the most dominant sense in humans. These receptors or “sensors” receive information about the surrounding environment and pass this information to your brain through the optic nerve. Your brain rapidly processes this information and creates the images you see, which allows you to see stationary objects, as well as follow moving objects whether your head is moving or is stationary. Your eyes are recessed within the bony sockets of your skull, which provide protection from many types of blunt and sharp object impacts. Even though your eyes are largely protected by the bony sockets of the skull, they are still susceptible to Injury from the front because the front parts of the bony sockets are open which expose the eyes. Injuries Your eyes can be injured in a number of different ways, such as by being cut or punctured (penetrated) with a sharp object, being impacted with enough force to cause the eye ball to burst, or by being excessively moved within its socket causing the optic nerve to tear. There are 3 common types of eye injury: a corneal laceration (a cut or puncture wound), a globe rupture (bursting of the eye ball, and an optic nerve avulsion (complete tearing of the optic nerve), ea... ... middle of paper ... ...the eye ball, a blunt object strikes the eye ball, or the eye ball is moved excessively within its socket. When a sharp object is pushed against the eye, it deforms the eye ball inward and creates stresses within the tissue. When these stresses are high enough, the tissue tears and continues until the tear goes completely through the wall of the eye ball, at the location of the penetrating (sharp) object. When a blunt object collides with the eye ball, it first pushes and deforms the eye ball inward, also creating stresses within the tissue. As the blunt object continues to push on the eye ball the pressure within the eye increases, which causes the stresses within the tissue to further increase. When these stresses are high enough, the tissue begins tearing at the weakest point in the wall of the eye, and continues until the tear goes completely through the wall.
They say that the eyes are the windows into the soul. When damage to the eyes occur it is usually irreversible, meaning that if this does occur, it is definitely best to find a respected ophthalmologist to fix the problem. Meet Karen D. Todd, my aunt and opthamologist at the Florida Eye Institute in Vero Beach, Florida. Dr. Todd practices general ophthalmology with an emphasis on the latest treatments and diagnostic testing for glaucoma.
For closed head injury, it is a trauma in which the brain is injured as a result of a blow to the head, or a sudden, violent motion that causes the brain to knock against the skull. A closed head injury is different from an open head injury, in that no object actually penetrates the brain. Closed head injuries can be diffuse or focal which mean that they affect cells and tissues throughout the brain or the damage just occur in one area of the head. Closed head injuries can range from mild to severe. Common causes of closed head injury include automobile accidents, assault,
Myopia is defined as nearsightedness, which exists when the refractive elements of the eye (cornea and lens) place the image in front of the retina. The myopic condition is common in infants but generally levels off to normal vision as the infant ages (Vander & Gault, 1998). Myopia occurs in about 25% of the adult U.S. population. Many adults use corrective lenses or contacts to correct their myopic vision to 20/20 vision (Drexler et al., 1998). Many people find contacts or glasses hindering in their personal and/or professional lifestyle. For example, military pilots cannot wear glasses while flying and some firemen may find glasses too dangerous to wear during a rescue attempt. There is refractive surgery available to correct myopic eyes, like Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK). Why do people have myopia, what can be done to correct myopia, and what are the results of corrective surgical procedures? These are a few questions that will be addressed and analyzed.
Jane goes to work everyday at an animal-testing lab. She pours liquids used in eyeliner into the eyes of numerous albino rabbits. The rabbits' eyes are held open with clips so that for the 72 hour test period, the rabbits can't even blink. The rabbits' bodies are in a box so that only their head protrudes. Jane watches the rabbits and records how the rabbits’ eyes react. She observes as the rabbits’ eyes bleed intensely. Some eyes become extremely deteriorated, and some rabbits even become blind due to the toxicity of the liquid being tested. As she walks down the line writing down what each rabbit's reaction is, Jane notices many rabbits have broken their own necks trying to escape the horrendous pain ("Product...").
The human eye is an organ that allows a person to see, the sense of sight. The eye is composed of several parts including the cornea, lens, pupil, retina, optic nerve etc. There are two portions the eye is broken into, the front third is the anterior segment and the other two thirds is the posterior segment. The anterior segment includes the lens, cornea, iris, and ciliary body. The posterior segment of the eye essentially is the back portion of the eye. In detail, the posterior segment is the portion of the eye behind the lens that includes the retina, macula, optic nerve, choroid, and vitreous humor. There are many diseases that affect the eye and those in particular affecting the posterior segment will be discussed in detail.
Dissecting the cow’s eye helped us to see all the different parts of the cow eye and see how they work and where they are in the eye.
Psychologist Raymond Dodge and his student T.S. Cline developed the first camera-based technique for registering eye movement in 1901 [3]. They used a falling plate camera (also referred to as a photo-chronograph) to measure light reflected from the cornea. However, their method required the subject’s head to be motionless and was only capable of recording horizontal eye movement. Only a few years later, motion picture photography was applied to record eye movement. This technique was useful because it allowed for a frame-by-frame analysis of the eye’s movement allowing for quantitative research on a solid basis**.
Skull fractures called a contusion cause a distinct area of swollen brain tissues mixed with broken blood vessels. When a brain is shaken back and forth within the confines of the skull the injury is called a Countertop. This often occurs in a high-speed car accident and in shaken baby syndrome. This type of injury can also cause injury to the nerves and loss of connections among the nerves called shearing. Contusions can lead to fewer connections in the brain.
The eye it also helps at the same time by spreading lubricates over the eyeballs.
...sh someone down while kicking the soccer ball; elbow you on the face while playing basketball, getting hit by a baseball/softball, getting tackled by another football player. These are the most common injuries in sports.
Head and facial injuries are very dangerous need to be prevented. Head injuries can cause death or permanent damage to an athlete for the rest of their lives. Facial injuries like hyphema can affect an athletes everyday life due to the decrease in visual performance. That’s why goggles or protective eyewear should be worn when playing a sport that has small round objects. These injuries can be prevented.
The optic nerve is the cause of the “blind spot”. This blind spot is referred to as an Optic Disc. The optic disc is a hole in the back of the eye that is where the optic nerve exits the eye to go into the brain. This hole, unlike the retina surrounding, is in need of light or contains sensitive photoreceptors. The optic disc is on the nasal side of the eye, about fifteen degrees to the part of the eye that one points towards things when we center in on. Since the optic disc, or blind spot, is located on the nasal side of the eye, the visual side, not containing a blind spot, is in the right side of the right eye and the left side of the left eye (JENNETT, C.,
The most common vision issues are the refractive errors, more commonly referred to as nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and presbyopia. Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing directly on the retina. The length of the eyeball (either longer or shorter), changes in the shape of the cornea, or aging of the lens can cause refractive errors. Most people have one or more of these conditions. In these situations of refraction, the cornea and the lens bend (refract) incoming light rays so they focus precisely on the retina at the back of the eye (figure 2). Refraction is the bending of light as it passes through one object to another. Vision occurs when light rays are bent (refracted) as they pass through the cornea and the lens. The light is then focused on the retina, and then the retina converts the light-rays into messages that are sent through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain after that interpret these messages into the images we see.
This reflected light passes through the lens and falls on to the retina of the eye. Here, the light induces nerve impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain, where it makes an image of the object, and then that image is passed on to muscles and glands.The eye is well protected. It lies within a bony socket of the skull. The eyelids guard it in front. They blink an average of once every six seconds. This washes the eye with the salty secretion from the tear, or lachrymal, glands.