ExploringHow Practical Considerations Outweighed Ideology in German Foreign Policy
Practical considerations can be described as reaction to circumstances
and in this case this could occur due to a lack or even the failing of
ideology. The reason behind this ideology failure was most probably
due to a lack of military might or international allies. Ideology can
be understood to mean an organized set of ideas and ideals intended to
deal with problems and perhaps also to bring about changes.
Fascism becomes possible when a certain degree of industrialization
has created a literate, though not particularly sophisticated public.
The control of the press and the use of propaganda is essential. The
presence of a significant middle class, increased employment, the
building of a large military force, is also essential. Fascism does
not hesitate to resort to war to accomplish national goals.
When Benito Mussolini came to power as Prime Minister in 1922 his
ideology generally was based around three things, making Italy great,
respected and feared. This was most likely devised from the historic
past of the Roman Empire. Some may say this was a bold and unrealistic
base to form a personal ideology however to Mussolini this was an
important tool to gather support from all sections of the Italian
population especially in the early years of the fascist government.
However these seemed like nothing more than a set of loose goals,
without taking into consideration the circumstances. This could
explain his need to derive immediate power within Italy and influence
across Europe.
In his first speech as Prime Minister to the Chamber of Deputies
M...
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...uments on reasoning behind
Mussolini’s policies and actions. DE Felice, who sees Fascism as a
revolutionary phenomenon’ which aimed at the ‘mobilization of the
masses and the creation of a new kind of man’ claimed that this could
not be accomplished by domestic policies so the Ethiopian War was a
new drive and therefore a success. On the other hand Mack smith argues
that the purpose of Mussolini’s foreign policy was to bolster his
prestige. Some historians remain unconvinced and believe that
Mussolini’s expansionism was genuine and equivalent to Hitler’s
pursuit of Lebensraum.
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[1] European Dictatorships 1918-1945 – Stephen J. Lee
[2] European Dictatorships 1918-1945 – Stephen J. Lee
[3] European Dictatorships 1918-1945 – Stephen J. Lee
"Account for the changing political fortunes of the Nazi Party from November, 1923 until January, 1933."
Between 1815 and 1851, there was an increase in conservative demands and ideals across Europe. Three nations fit into this mold exceptionally well, one of them being Prussia. The other nation that best shows how conservative ideals achieved their goals is France and how it changed after the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. The third nation being, Austria and how the rulers handled the discontent of the different minority groups within it’s borders.
The Roles of Adenauer and Walter Ulbricht in the Development of Post War Germany Both Adenauer and Walter Ulbricht had very important roles in the development of post war Germany. Adenauer brought West Germany to an acceptable economic level quickly, as well integrating Germany into Europeby joining NATO. Adenauer also helped to make West Germany political stable. Erhard was important in the development of East Germany, however, not as important as Adenauer in the development of the whole of Germany.
Why Weimar Germany Adopted a Policy of Fulfillment in Foreign Affairs At first, successive German governments wanted * To remedy the dangerous diplomatic isolation that resulted from defeat, and * To restore the degree of national independence of Germany lost to the allies This was done using a simple tactic called sullen obstruction in which: * The war guilt clause in the treaty was never really enforced effectively * The disbanding of paramilitary organizations was slow and unreliable * The clauses relating to disarmament were implemented only under constant allied supervision These policies, however, didn’t really work for a long time.
The Left and Right at the Birth of Weimar Germany From the general chaos and unrest that followed the Kiel Mutiny in late 1918, the centre-left emerged to lead Germany into a new era of democracy. Philipp Scheidemann, a key figure in the moderate SDP, declared a Democratic Socialist Republic from a balcony in Berlin on 9th November 1918. However, the whole of Germany was not behind him, since simultaneously, and from a different Berlin balcony, Karl Liebknecht, leader of the communist Spartacists (KPD), declared a Soviet Republic.
It should be noted that the success of this alternative is dependant on the assumption that
In order to examine this issue, it is beneficial to start with a specific example: consider a person who happens to ...
Also, another thing would be the lack of motivation to help the client with that topic of
'I am not so arrogant as to assume that the likes of us are able to
a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society."Society Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary." Society Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary. Cambridge Dictionaries, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2016.
occurs in the workplace when deceit or scam by one or more employees causes or ,may cause the
* Saarland was under LN control and after 15 years the people could vote if they wanted to belong to Germany or France
Historians are often divided into categories in regard to dealing with Nazi Germany foreign policy and its relation to Hitler: 'intentionalist', and 'structuralist'. The intentionalist interpretation focuses on Hitler's own steerage of Nazi foreign policy in accordance with a clear, concise 'programme' planned long in advance. The 'structuralist' approach puts forth the idea that Hitler seized opportunities as they came, radicalizing the foreign policies of the Nazi regime in response. Structuralists reject the idea of a specific Hitlerian ideological 'programme', and instead argue for an emphasis on expansion no clear aims or objectives, and radicalized with the dynamism of the Nazi movement. With Nazi ideology and circumstances in Germany after World War I influencing Nazi foreign policy, the general goals this foreign policy prescribed to included revision of Versailles, the attainment of Lebensraum, or 'living space', and German racial domination. These foreign policy goals are seen through an examination of the actions the Nazi government took in response to events as they happened while in power, and also through Hitler's own ideology expressed in his writings such as Mein Kempf. This synthesis of ideology and social structure in Germany as the determinants of foreign policy therefore can be most appropriately approached by attributing Nazi foreign policy to a combination as both 'intentionalist' and 'structuralist' aims. Nazi foreign policy radicalized with their successes and was affected by Hitler pragmatically seizing opportunities to increase Nazi power, but also was based on early a consistent ideological programme espoused by Hitler from early on.
The first of which is the drive for a single race Germany. Most of the
them as social problems. If a condition fails to meet a given criterion of harm, it then would