Exploratory Research
Generally conducted in order to identify the true nature of a problem, Exploratory Research is intended to explore the different elements present in the problem in order to properly pinpoint a source of the anomaly, but is less concerned with actually solving the problem. Most commonly seen as the open-ended questions in surveys, this category of research is used in the formative stages of creating a hypothesis, and is used in a variety of different methods such as trial and pilot studies, interviews, case studies and focus groups.
Descriptive Research
Unlike Exploratory Research, which tends to be more open-ended, Descriptive Research generally has a more quantitative nature to it, and is this much more conclusive in the data it represents. Used most commonly in the bulk of online surveys, Descriptive Research is most often carefully planned, and is structured to allow collected information to be statistically relevant to a certain population. Put in simpler terms, Descriptive Research is used to define the opinions and attitudes a certain group of people have on a certain subject. Due to its quantitative nature, however, Descriptive Research can seldom be used to glean insight from individuals the same way Exploratory
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Unlike Descriptive Research, however, Causal Research deals with the cause-and-effect relationship between the different variables in an experiment. Descriptive Research, on the other hand, is used to determine whether or not there is a causal relationship between two variables. Causal Research must be able to identify and differentiate cause-variables from effect variables, as well as the nature of the relationship between the two. As such, Causal Research can often times be quite complex and multifaceted, as any variable has the potential to affect
According to Neuman, there are three main research purposes: “Explore a new topic, describe a social phenomenon, or explain why something occurs. Studies may have multiple purposes, but one purpose is usually dominant” (Neuman, 2011, p. 38). These three types of research purposes are also known as; exploratory research, descriptive research and explanatory research (Neuman, 2011, p.
48): A research hypothesis is a researcher’s prediction of the expected results of a study. Research hypotheses can be directional, in which the researcher states the exact “nature of the expected difference or relationship” between factors, or nondirectional, in which the researcher states that there will be some type of relationship between factors, but is not yet sure what that relationship will be. (McMillan, 2012, p. 48)
Through most of my time in high school, I always found myself writing more of exploratory writing for two simple reasons; it took a shorter amount of time, and relating writing to my personal experiences was something I had no need to look up. Exploratory writing is a time to take advantage to relate your own personal experiences and an attempt to make a connection with a certain reading. The experiences you have will not be exactly the same as you’re classmate and might be very enjoyable to read. Lamott and Hairston both use explanatory and exploratory writing in their essays by explaining the techniques of what good writers do and applying their own personal experiences. By applying both explanatory and exploratory in their essay they are able to provide the reader with new ideas they can adopt to improve their writing skills.
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
Head to head hits are still a prevalent issue in the Nfl. Should head to head hits lead to an ejection from the game? If a player in college football commits an intentional helmet to helmet hit, the penalty is an ejection. If college football can input this penalty, couldn’t the NFL? We see that former football players who suffered many concussions over their playing careers, have long lasting effects. Some current players feel as though that they can’t control where their hits land and injuries are just a part of the game. Some fans feel as though all these penalties are taking the fun away the game. Former NFL players are an example of what helmet to helmet hits can do.
The father of quantitative analysis, Rene Descartes, thought that in order to know and understand something, you have to measure it (Kover, 2008). Quantitative research has two main types of sampling used, probabilistic and purposive. Probabilistic sampling is when there is equal chance of anyone within the studied population to be included. Purposive sampling is used when some benchmarks are used to replace the discrepancy among errors. The primary collection of data is from tests or standardized questionnaires, structured interviews, and closed-ended observational protocols. The secondary means for data collection includes official documents. In this study, the data is analyzed to test one or more expressed hypotheses. Descriptive and inferential analyses are the two types of data analysis used and advance from descriptive to inferential. The next step in the process is data interpretation, and the goal is to give meaning to the results in regards to the hypothesis the theory was derived from. Data interpretation techniques used are generalization, theory-driven, and interpretation of theory (Gelo, Braakmann, Benetka, 2008). The discussion should bring together findings and put them into context of the framework, guiding the study (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). The discussion should include an interpretation of the results; descriptions of themes, trends, and relationships; meanings of the results, and the limitations of the study. In the conclusion, one wants to end the study by providing a synopsis and final comments. It should include a summary of findings, recommendations, and future research (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). Deductive reasoning is used in studies...
My mother has taught me early on that women can do anything men can do, but then again, she also never worked a day in her life. My father was always the strong hard working dad, he was a great example to my brother who is 2 years younger than me. My mother never really had a drive like the one I have in me, I strive for success for my four children and well she was always laid in bed demanding things from her bedside. What I remember about my childhood is how she would teach us how to clean and cook. My sisters and I would have to wake up every day before school just to clean the house and make breakfast, she taught us early on how to make tortillas, but the handmade ones because she would say that store bought were for lazy people.
The thematic analysis is an often used method in qualitative research, according to Braun and Clarke (2006) it helps, ‘identifying, analysing and reporting patterns (themes) within data. It minimally organises and describes your data set in (rich) detail. However, frequently it goes further than this, and interprets various aspects of the research topic.’, (Braun and Clarke, 2006:79). Thematic analysis allows a theoretically flexible approach to evaluate qualitative data. Furthermore, according to Braun and Clarke (2006) thematic analysis can be applied to situations, as for our case it helps us analyse ‘the way in which events, realities, meanings, experiences and so on are the effect of a range of discourses operating within society’ (Braun and Clarke, 2006:81).
On the other hand, Quantitative research refers to “variance theory” where quantity describes the research in terms of statistical relationships between different variables (Maxwell, 2013). Quantitative research answers the questions “how much” or “how many?” Quantitative research is an objective, deductive process and is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables with generalized results from a larger sample population. Much more structured than qualitative research, quantitative data collection methods include various forms of surveys, personal interviews and telephone interviews, polls, and systematic observations. Methods can be considered “cookie cutter” with a predetermined starting point and a fixed sequence of
During this day and age we rely on information and technology. The impact of modern technology in our daily lives and in our fields of study is playing an incredible role. Technology makes our lives easier and more enjoyable. Everyday systems we rely on such as business, education, agriculture, and banking would not output mass amounts of results to sustain our population and would ultimately be unsuccessful without the help of modern technology. The convenience of services such as education or online classes plays an important role in the age of modern technology as it is affecting the lives of many students.
Life is all about experiencing new thing and learning new information along the way. Prior to walking into the class for the first time I was nervous because I did not know what to expect. I knew that it would branch off of the English 101 class that I took the semester before, but I still did not know what to expect. As soon as the class started on the first day I knew that I would enjoy my time. Starting everyday off with a random question allowed me to think very hard about something so simple.
Research is systematic way to find out facts and knowledge as Kothari (2006) has analyzed that research is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment; the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding solutions to a problem. However there are two types of researches one is by Purpose and other is by method. The type by purpose falls into three categorize such as Basic, Applied and Action Research.
What is the Qualitative Characteristic? This is the attribute that makes the information providing in financial statement useful for the user. They might have two processes of fundamental qualitative characteristics. Fig.
It is important to note that certain research problems may not be fully defined or formulated because the researcher lacks the requisite information to guide him in problem formulation. To remedy such a problem the researcher can embark on an exploratory research. The goal of the exploratory research is to gather preliminary data to shed light on the real nature of the problem and to suggest possible solutions or new ideas.
Qualitative and quantitative research methods take different approaches to gathering and analysing information. Whether it is a qualitative or quantitative study, the research study begins with a question or series of questions. Both use rigorously designed studies to get the most accurate, detailed and complete results. Qualitative studies common methods are interviews, surveys and observation. A qualitative study aims to provide a detailed description of the study results, often using pictures and written descriptions to describe what the research revealed. A qualitative study looks at the big picture, helping researchers to narrow in on points of interest that then can be followed up on in a quantitative study. While a quantitative study has a narrower focus, it attempts to provide a detailed explanation of the study focus, along with this using numbers and statistics. And the results from a quantitative study can reveal bigger questions that call for qualitative study. Or vice versa a qualitative study may reveal at analysis that a more focus and direct approach may be needed. With both methods analysis is a key part of any study whether qualitative or quantitative.