2.2.3 Enclosure of a settlement
To sense security in an environment man wanted to perceive an entity or a territory for himself. Therefore settlement or a group of people tried to be inside, where their authority is practiced. The boundary or the enclosure limited their domain form the outer ones. In most primitive cultures dwelling units of themselves formed an enclosure to their territory. Basically it expresses a coming to gather the forming of a ring for a common purpose. Demarcation of an enclosure to their territory wasn’t only limited to protection from natural elements, but it was in practice among these cultures to enclose. Their settlements from super natural forces too.
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2.3 Components apparent in success fishing village public spaces
The public spaces allow people to make a strong connection between the place and their personal lives and also with the community or neighbors, through the meanings of conveying. Kevin Lynch describes five types of elements within the city. It is made sure apply by village settlement. He says these elements are helping to the village image. Those five elements are Paths, Edges, District, Nodes and Landmarks.
But according to the Kenneth B.Hall and A.Porterfield, those elements which describe Lynch in his book of “Image of the city” can be applied as the component in successful communities. Not only the cities or villages but also these elements are common to each and every place which is in successful community relationship. That means most people use these places as their public spaces to meet their neighbors and relations.
2.3.1 Paths
Paths are the channels along which the observer customarily, occasionally, or potentially moves. They may be streets wal...
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3.2 Identification of spatial trends and their impacts on traditional and contemporary settlement in Kalpitiya
As per the case studies the change between in traditional and contemporary elements are basically seen in the manner in which the layout, built form and spatial organization. The difference in the use of these common aspects to study in contexts can been as an outcome of attitudes and value of the people. The attitudes and values of the people changed according to the sociological, environmental and economic aspects of the society.
3.3 Concept of layout
3.3.1 Social aspect
Due to the growth of population, the land man ratio has increased. And some problems have increased. Problems could be defined as needs of society. Hence the architecture also has changed in the individual form of the housing as well as composition in overall planning context.
A community is comprised of a group of goal oriented individuals with similar beliefs and expectations. Currently the term is used interchangeably with society, the town one lives in and even religion. A less shallow interpretation suggests that community embodies a lifestyle unique to its members. Similarities within the group establish bonds along with ideals, values, and strength in numbers unknown to an individual. Ideals and values ultimately impose the culture that the constituents abide by. By becoming part of a community, socialization...
Geographic location is also an aspect of community according to Roger Guy. It facilitated community and provided security for those unfamiliar with the city, but as with the
Briggs, John, Joanne Sharp, Nabila Hamed, Hoda Yacoub. The Geographical Journal. London: Blackwell Publishing, 2003. Print
In his book The Community of Those Who Have Nothing in Common, Alphonso Lingis (1994) discusses community and proposes an untraditional view of community, the “other community”. Traditionally community is known as a social structure in which individuals have something in common. This usually refers to a shared location, shared identity or common values or beliefs. In this traditional view or “rational community” these commonalities are crucial in uniting individuals.
“Here’s the grocery store and here’s Mr. Morgan’s Drugstore. Most everybody in town manages to look into those two stores once a day (5.Stage Manager.) A small town without a lot of people, that’s exactly what the line above just told us. In the Play Our Town the stage manager tells us about a small town called Grover’s Corner. According to Professor Willard “within the town’s limits: 2, 640. (23 Willard)” That’s the population of this little town. Living in a small community can have its up’s and down. Grover’s Corner doesn’t want to modernize, nor is there any privacy, but there are some good qualities like knowing who ever you fall in love with in the town has basically grown up like you, or that you know everyone in the community.
Australia’s Indigenous people are thought to have reached the continent between 60 000 and 80 000 years ago. Over the thousands of years since then, a complex customary legal system have developed, strongly linked to the notion of kinship and based on oral tradition. The indigenous people were not seen as have a political culture or system for law. They were denied the access to basic human right e.g., the right to land ownership. Their cultural values of indigenous people became lost. They lost their traditional lifestyle and became disconnected socially. This means that they were unable to pass down their heritage and also were disconnected from the new occupants of the land.
Community is like a Venn diagram. It is all about relations between a finite group of people or things. People have their own circles and, sometimes, these circles overlap one another. These interceptions are interests, common attitudes and goals that we share together. These interceptions bond us together as a community, as a Venn diagram. A good community needs good communication where people speak and listen to each other openly and honestly. It needs ti...
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
In China, urbanization is at dramatic pace but in static patterns. This leads to the Chinese cities losing their own styles, and being built in the static architecture modes which are introduced from developed countries. Moreover, the traditional architecture cultures are being eroded by the static modern architecture patterns. Some of them are even on the boundary of extinction. Recently, architects in China have shown an increasing interest in the issue of traditional architecture in the modern era. This paper studies on the causes and effects of the erosion of the modernity to the traditional architecture and the possible solutions. It will be divided into three parts: the first part focuses on the causes and effects; the second part presents the combination of modern architecture and traditional culture; the third part concerns the cultivation enhancement of Chinese architects.
Thus, the reality of places is constructed through social actions including both individual and collective efforts, through informal associations and institutions of government and the economy, rather than through the inherent qualities (Logan and Lolotch, 1987, p.45). Hence, the conclusion is well constructed. The authors effectively use 'compare and contrast' structure and 'cause and effect' structure in the chapter to build and enhance their argument. They also back up their arguments citing various researchers throughout the chapter, in almost all the sections, making their argument more persuasive. Logan and Molotch enhances the
description of the construction of a good city. The good city is a relation to
When thinking about the good city naturally every person imagines a physical condition to be improved but the physical environment is not the only force that shapes the city. For example, city and urban society cannot be detached (Lefebvre, 1970/2003). Hence the urban society is, combined with the city, an important force in urban development.
A Community can be defined as a group of people who don’t just live in the same area, but also share the same interests, experiences and often concerns about the area in which they live. Often when individuals have lived on a street or in an area for a while they become familiar with each other and the issues surrounding them. Children often attend the same schools and grow up together, again sharing similar experiences. In some instances adults may work together, and quite commonly all community members will share the same doctors, dentists, hospitals, health visitors and other public services and facilities.
Ethnoscapes abound in today’s society. The concept of ethnoscapes can be represented by ethnic presence, difference and change. These aspects are present in today’s urban areas. This essay will evaluate the concept of ethnoscapes based on ethnic presence, difference and change in urban areas. It will then go on to analyse the meaning of the ‘on the ground’ theory and how ethnoscapes relate to other conceptual approaches such as segregation, multicultural city and ethnic economies. The final part of the essay will link together ethnic presence, difference and change with segregation, multicultural city and ethnic economies by using examples from tutorial 5 based on the knowledge of grounded theory.
Having set the aims, objectives and research questions in the first chapter, this chapter zooms in to review literature available on the subject of land tenure regularization and its effect on housing investment from different parts of the world with specific reference to cities. The emphasis of this chapter is to analyse the link between land tenure regularization and housing investment in informal settlements. Also, the focus is on securing land rights in informal settlements, since it is widely believed that regularization of informal settlement rights leads to (increased) access to formal finance which subsequently encourages housing investment (Chome and McCall, 2005). The chapter starts with contextual definition of key terms, and then followed by global documentation on the impact of tenure regularization in informal settlement, focusing on the experiences of some selected countries. Since the aim of the research is to investigate the effect of land tenure regularization on informal housing investment and that both the Zambian Local Authorities and the government have intention to regularize informal settlements, lessons learnt from the case study countries will be noted, after which the chapter will be concluded in section 2.6 by way of a summary.