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Recommended: Essay on Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis My hypothesis on Tuberculosis is that it is a very deadly disease that causes a persons lungs to fill with blood. This can harm the body by making the body suffocate itself when the lungs fill with blood. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that no one ever wants to encounter. This infection is very dreadful and can lead to death. Tuberculosis has been around for a very long time it used to be called “consumption” because the infection would consume who ever had the disease. Tuberculosis is sometimes called TB for short. Tb is a very contagious disease that is caused by bacteria that takes over the lungs. TB can spread all over the body and affect the brain and the spine. The type of bacteria that causes this infection is …show more content…
Tb is spread trough the air and respiration. So when a person breathes in the air around them then they may not knowingly breath in one of the tuberculosis drop lets through there nose. The disease can also spread through the clothing and anything that the contaminated person has touched. If a person were to touch the clothing of an infected person they will most likely get the disease because it is so highly contagious. Many of the main people who are infected by tuberculosis are people who may already have been infected by another disease because their immune system is so week that makes them a main target for tuberculosis. People who may have a high risk at getting TB should avoid areas that have been infected, vaccinate themselves, get regular skin tests, take antibiotics if they know they will be around tuberculosis. …show more content…
Between the eighteen- thirties and the nineteen- fifty’s they started to see a less painful out coming of this disease. People were getting it more and more but they were helping people with the pain. Many people during this time frame were also dying everyday from tuberculosis, which, shows how natural selection played a role in this disease. People were getting this disease and slowly dying off and not many people were making it. Doctors were trying everything that they could to find a cure for this disease but they just could get anything right. Natural selection is used in our world through evolution to make this world what it is today. With out natural selection many things would be going wrong; there would be a very high rate of over population through animals and humans. This is why we need natural selection in our world.
An estimated one third of the world 's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2012 there were 9,975 cases of TB reported and of those cases 28% where Hispanic or Latino. This respiratory disease is the most common in the lungs (World Health Organization, 2014). The brain which causes tuberculosis meningitis, genitourinary TB, gastrointestinal TB, tuberculosis lymphadenitis, cutaneous TB, uterus ovarian TB and Osteo- articular skeletal bone and joints are also parts of the body that are affected (Article base, 2008). Symptoms of TB are chills, fever, night sweats, hemoptysis, cough lasting more than 3 weeks, chest pains, and weight loss (Tuberculosis, 2014). Transmission of TB is through a sneeze, a cough, speaking, or singing in which the person has the
Drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) has become a severe global health threat. The fight against TB is now facing major challenges due to the appearance of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and more recently, the virtually untreatable Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB). MDR-TB are strains that are resistant to both top first-line drugs, Isoniazid and Rifampin, while XDR-TB are MDR-TB strains that are also resistant to any fluoroquinolone and one or more of 3 injectable drugs. With this new resistance, there emerges a great need to find new drugs that are as effective, yet bypass the problem of resistance. One method of research is to find new vulnerabilities of tuberculosis to use as new target sites of drugs. This method is highly expensive (Scheffler, Colmer, Tynan, Demain, & Gullo, 2013), and requires intense and lengthy research just to implicate the new target site. An alternative is to develop new drugs that work on the same already known target as the first-line drugs, but by a different mechanism, thereby bypassing the resistance of the TB to the drug.
Tuberculosis as (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is slow growing bacteria that thrive in areas of the body that are rich in blood and oxygen, such as the lungs. Tuberculosis develops when Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria are inhaled into the lungs. The infection usually stays in the lungs, but the bacteria can travel through the bloodstream to other parts of the body.
One of the first steps to treating Tuberculosis is identifying which form has developed in the body. The two forms that could progress in the body are latent Tuberculosis infection and active Tuberculosis infection (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Latent Tuberculosis is the dormant form of the bacteria, meaning that it is inactive and doesn?t cause an infectious reaction in the body. Even if the latent form enters the body, treatment should be sought (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Latent Tuberculosis can become active Tuberculosis easily though, especially if the immune system is compromised by another infection, like HIV (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Active Tuberculosis infects the body immediately. Symptoms show in the body meaning the bacteria is effecting the cells of the body. Identifying the form is important because treatment is dependent upon it. Testing for TB involves a skin test, usually within seven work-days of contact with the bacteria. Without knowing what is in the body, the drugs won?t be as effective and might even cause drug-resistance.
TB germs enter the body, the immune system builds a wall around them. While TB
Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to person through airborne droplets, when a person that is infected with TB coughs, sneezes, talks, and/or sings letting tiny droplet to be released into the air(Bare, Smeltzer, Hinkle, and Cheever, 2008). TB cannot be spread through touching inanimate objects, food, or drinks (Bare et al. 2008). The person must be in the same area an affected individual is in and inspirate the droplets to be affected. Once the bacillus is inspired into the lungs, the bacilli start to multiply causing lung inflammation also known as nonspecific pneumontis (Huether et al. 2008). To cause an immune response the bacilli will travel through lymphatic system and become lodged in the lymph nodes (Huether et al. 2008). Lung inflammation causes the activation of the alveolar macrophages and neutrophils (Huether et al. 2008). Granulomas, new tissue masses of live and dead bacilli, are surrounded by macrophages, which form a protective wall. They then transform into a fibrous tissue mass, the central portion is called a ghon tubercle (Bare et al. 2008). The bacterial then necrotic, forming a cheesy mass, this mass may become calcified and form a collagenous scar (Bare et al. 2008). At this point, the bacteria becomes dormant and there is no further progression of the active disease. The disease can become active again by re-infection or activation of the dormant bacteria (Bare et al. 2008).
Smallpox is a disease from the variola virus. Smallpox has caused an estimated number of 300 million deaths in the 1900s alone. Smallpox is said to have been around since the ancient Egyptian times. The disease was eradicated in the late 20th century and two samples are still kept, one in U.S.A and one in Russia. Smallpox creates bumps and blisters all over the body and has been one of the most fatal epidemics the world has seen.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in which bacteria may invade many parts of the body, such as the brain, the kidneys, and the spine. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a rod shaped, aerobic bacterium that is resistant to destruction and can persist in necrotic and calcified lesion for prolonged periods and remain capable of reinstating growth (Porth, 2011). However, the most common target is the lungs (Wouk, 2010). The Tuberculosis bacteria severely damage the lungs that it is difficult for a person to breathe. According to Wouk, there are two main types of Tuberculosis. The first type is latent, which means a person carries the tuberculosis germ, but he or she is not sick and can not pass the germ on to the other person, and the other type is active tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis (TB) has various infections that can completely immobilize one's body. Its infections are varied and it generally eats away lung tissues and forms boils that releases pus. As disease proceeds, lungs would mercilessly be devoured and the victim will become pallid and fragile, coughing up blood and becoming unable to breathe. The word consumption originated from this sickness because o Infections in digestive tract can cause serious vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and acute pain. Aside from lungs, it can also infect bloodstream and even kidneys. TB can also cripple people's nervous system and their bones. Basically, it can destroy one's body completely. Surprisingly, the germ causing it (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) is extremely small.
Tuberculosis is transmitted by inhalation of aerosols containing the tubercle bacilli. The required inoculum size for infection is usually high, but easily occurs with exposure to a patient who is currently infected. The products of dried aerosols, droplet nuclei, are particularly infectious because they remain in the air for an extended time, and upon inhalation easily move to the alveoli. The severe damage related to infection is caused by the reaction of the host. The tuberculosis infection has two phases, primary and secondary.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a transmittable and often severe airborne disease, an infection caused by a bacteria known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). TB usually affects the lungs, but it also can affect any other organ of the body. It is usually treatable with a scheduled routine of medicine taken for 6 months to 2 years, the length of treatment is conditional on the type and severity of the infection ( WHO. October 2015). This usually happens when a person breathes in the contaminated air, in which inhaled TB bacteria make their way to the lungs. The immune system cannot stop the bacteria from growing and spreading after the initial infection.
Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease that is spread through the air from one person to another causing it to be an airborne disease. When a person with tuberculosis coughs or sneezes the bacteria fly into the air. Anyone around a person with tuberculosis who is not wearing proper personal protective equipment, and breathes in the bacteria will then catch tuberculosis. Tuberculosis mainly affects the lungs, but it can
Tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, an acid-fast Gram-positive bacillus, and “is characterized by progressive necrosis of the lung tissue” (Tamaro & Lewis, 2005). Tuberculosis is caused by many debilitating conditions like immunosuppression and chronic lung disease, among others. Nevertheless, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), remains the leading cause of tuberculosis worldwide. Tuberculosis can present in one of two types: active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis. Prompt treatment prevents latent tuberculosis from evolving into active tuberculosis. (“Basic TB Facts,” 2012).
After the industrial revolution in the 18th century in Europe and America, there was the rapid industrial and economic growth in the 19th century, which in turn caused various scientific discoveries and various invention therefore making more progress in identifying illnesses and developing modes of treatment and cure, this was where modern medicine started. After the industrial revolution there were more industries, which in turn created a lot of work-related diseases and poor hygiene, also as the cities began to grow larger, more communicable diseases began to increase, cases like typhoid and cholera became epidemics. As well, due to the changes occurring, more and more people became more aware and since there was democracy there became an increase in demand for health care. There were also the wars that occurred, causing injuries which needed to be treated. Modern medicine evolves to solve the problems of the society at a given time and various advances in this mode of health care has occurred over the years. It has been seen that modern medicine is a positive influence in the society today for various reasons, the goal of the modern medicine is to achieve good health of the citizens, and modern medicine is experimental which is capable of advanced diagnosis. Likewise, modern medicine has an effect on the social and economic state of the modern society. Modern medicine is understood as the science of treating, diagnosing or even preventing illnesses using improved sophisticated technology. This mode of treatment involves a variety of methods, using diet, exercise, treatment by drugs or even surgery.
What is Tuberculosis (TB)? Tuberculosis is an airborne bacterial infectious disease caused by bacteria/organism called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is known to affect the lungs but can also affect other areas of the body such as kidney, spine and the brain. According the article Learn About Tuberculosis from the website American Lung Association, almost 2.5 billion people are infected with tuberculosis of which 9.6 million people worldwide have the active TB disease. Tuberculosis can be treated but if not, Tuberculosis can be fatal. TB is a very serious disease that needs medical attention and that is why people need to be informed about TB.