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Crusades effects brief summary
Causes and impacts of the crusades
Effects of crusades
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Monotheism is a doctrine that is straight to the point, rather than complex. It is defined as a belief that there is only one existing god. Although this belief seems simple in comparison to polytheism; the belief in many gods, history has proven that monotheism had its fair share of consequences from its inception in Judea and Egypt all the way through the medieval era. Monotheism first began in Judea, making Judaism the first monotheistic religion. For the Jews, “monotheism had initiated a process of self-discovery and self-realization unmatched by other peoples of the Near East. The great value that Westerners give to the individual and to human dignity derives in part from the ancient Hebrews, who held that human beings were created in …show more content…
The Crusades can be defined as, “the struggle to regain Holy Land from Islam.” The First Crusade was triggered by the attack of Jerusalem in June of 1099 as well as the massacre of the city’s residents. “Religious fanaticism unleashed by the call for The First Crusade undermined Christian-Jewish relations gravely.” This conflict caused Crusaders to attack and slaughter the Jewish, which left thousands of lives dead. The reason for the many lives that were taken away was because some “refused to convert to Christianity and because of the houses that were looted and burned.” Although civil authorities and bishops attempted to protect the Jews, the attempts turned out to be failures. Things became violent and harsh during the Crusade. Age and gender was not taken into consideration during attack. Women and children were also targets. About 700 people prevented attack. Anti-Semitism became a characteristic in Latin Christendom, after The First …show more content…
“The Latin Christians looted the city, destroying sacred books, vandalizing churches, and carrying huge amounts of gold, jewels, Christian relics, and works of art back to Western Europe.” Once they set up kingdoms on Byzantine lands, they tried forcing Latin forms of Christianity on the Byzantine Greeks. Although in 1261, “the Westerners were driven from Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire regained its independence,” its power was majorly weakened. The consequences that they experienced were, “crushing taxes, decreasing agricultural production, declining trade, and civil war continued to sap the tottering empire.” The Byzantine empire eventually came to an
The Crusades were an outlet for the intense religious tension between the Muslims and the church which rose up in the late 11th century. This all started because the church and the Catholics wanted the Holy Lands back from the Muslims. Around this time the church was the biggest institute and people were god-fearing. Pope Gregory VII wanted to control more lands and wanted to get back the lands that they had lost to the Muslims (Medieval Europe). So in order to get back these lands he launched The Crusades which he insisted to the peasants was a holy war instead.
Foss explains, “What Urban needed was an enterprise, clearly virtuous in serving the ends of Christiandome… in these moments of reflection, the popes mind turned towards Jerusalem.” Urban II reflects back on the first taking of the Holy City after the defeat of the Byzantine Empire in 1071, and begins to question what his people know about the Turkish race and really the ideology of Islamic thought. Foss goes on to examine the ignorance of westerners and needed to be “reminded [by the pope] of the infamous heathens, their cruelty and hatred of Christians,” hoping this would justify the first Holy Crusade. However, Foss identifies the creativity of the Pope’s language to persuade the knights and army of the people to embark on the Holy Crusade based on the Muslims cruel actions turned onto their fellow Christians. Claiming the Muslims “Killed captives by torture…poor captives were whipped…and others were bound to the post and used as a target for arrows.” Foss examines the Popes words as an effective effort of persuasion in creating an army of crusaders to help clean “…Holy places, which are now treated with ignominy and polluted with Filthiness” and any sacrifice in Jerusalem is a “promise of a spiritual reward… and death for
The First Crusade was called in 1096 by Pope Urban II. The reasons for the First Crusade was to help obtain Jerusalem known as the holy land. During this time period the Muslims were occupying Jerusalem. First Crusade contained peasants and knights’ whose ethnicities consist of Franks, Latin’s, and Celts which were all from the western part of Europe. To get peasants and knights to join Pope Urban II objectives in return of a spiritual reward called “remission of all their sins” which was to be redeemed of any sins the individual has committed. When sins are redeemed Crusaders believed that they will escape the torment of hell. When lords and knights joined the crusade they were known as military elites. Crusaders were known as soldiers of Christ.
The First Crusade is often cited as one of the most damnable consequences of religious fanaticism. A careful inspection of the circumstances and outcomes, however, will reveal a resultant political restructuring of Europe under the banner of Christendom. The purpose of this investigation is to investigate Pope Urban II’s motives in initiating the First Crusade, with a particular focus on the consolidation of the Western Church’s influence in Europe. Among the primary sources that will be consulted are the letter sent by Patriach Alexios of Constantinople to Urban, and an account of Urban’s speech at Clermont. Relevant excerpts from both of these primary sources, as well as contextual evidence and a wide array of historiography, will be taken
The first crusade was held only in order to fulfill desire of the Christians of the recapturing the center of the Christian faith-Jerusalem, which has been controlled by the Muslim nation for more than 400 years. This military campaign was followed with severe cruelty and harsh actions against Muslims which cannot be justified with anything but religious and material interest.
The Roman Empire began polytheistic like many earlier civilizations. The practice of monotheism was not legalized until 313 C.E. when Emperor Constantine ended the persecution of Christians. As with many religions, there were various groups of Christians with different views as to what defined Christianity. In 325 C.E. the Council of Nicaea, brought together by Constantine to resolve this issue, established The Nicene Creed. According to this doctrine Roman Christians believe “in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of all things visible and invisible; and in Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the only-begotten of his Father...And [we believe] in the Holy Ghost” (p 142-143). Though Christians believed in three divine beings they only worshipped one God. Even then polytheism was still dominant among the Romans.
In 1095, Pope Urban II called the first crusade. Happening between 1096 and 1099, the first crusade was both a military expedition and a mass movement of people with the simple goal of reclaiming the Holy Lands taken by the Muslims in their conquests of the Levant. The crusade ended with the capture of Jerusalem in July 1099. However, there has been much debate about whether the First Crusade can be considered an ‘armed pilgrimage’ or whether it has to be considered as a holy war. This view is complicated due to the ways in which the Crusade was presented and how the penitential nature of it changed throughout the course of the Crusade.
Spanning from 1095 to 1212 C.E, the Crusades were an effort made by medieval Christians to regain their holy lands back from the Muslims. There were five crusades in total going in order from the First Crusade to the Children's Crusade. A few were effective in their own respects although these Crusades proved costly to the European Kingdoms as a result of large losses of life. This paper will explore these crusades and explain why some succeeded whereas others failed.
Hinduism is both a monotheistic and a polytheistic religion, on some accounts, even atheistic. This all depends on how the practice is interpreted and exercised. Because it is the oldest religion, its specifics often get confused due to the followings of its old scripture.Hinduism is similar to Christianity with them each having around a billion followers. Also, they both seek a sort of salvation, and though Hindus do not have a set clergy, they both have priests. In contrast, worshipping for Hindus include meditation, unlike that of Christians, who engage in prayer. Christians worship but one God, yet with Hindus that is blurry margins. Salvation for Hindus is known as constantly worshipping until enlightenment, and reincarnation continues until
In the year 1095 the First Crusade was just beginning. Pope Urban II called Christians to liberate the Holy Land from Muslim oppressors. He promised indulgences and the gift of eternal life in the Kingdom of Heaven for fighting in the holy war. Those that answered the call were peasants, beggars, the poor looking for riches and the unknown looking for glory. What started out as a pilgrimage to help fellow Christians secure their borders and repel foreign invaders soon became the first of many Holy Wars for the Kingdom of God.
Abrahamic largest religions are known to be Judaism, Christianity and Islam because they follow the original history to their own bond with God. However they also define as monotheistic as they hold their own belief and sacred texts, which are Torah, The Bible and the Quran respectively. Monotheistic interpret The Creation Story, leading their believers to follow their gender roles and function. This has a significant relationship to Harvey Cox’s quote about his understanding of this world and what all human beings should live by. Religion has provided us with The Creation Story, “All human being have an innate need to hear and tell stories and to have a story to live by. Religion, whatever else it has done, has provided one of the main ways of meeting this abiding need”.
The emperor of the Byzantine Emperor was upset with Turks encroaching on his empire. He went to the Pope Urban II and complained. He made up atrocities about the Turks. In 1096, The Pope Urban II promoted the Crusade to reclaim the Holy Land from the barbaric Turks. These crusades lasted till the 13th century. In the process, Jews were persecuted and lots of looting took place. Many countries took interest in the Crusades because they were ready for travel and adventure. They wanted to expand trade with the Middle and Far East and so the Crusades gave them a chance to open up trade routes with those countries. They used Christianity to justify the Crusades. In reality, they wanted to expand trade and gain more territorial land.
The Christian Doctrine of the Trinity defines God as one in essence yet three in person. The concept of the Trinity is so complex and difficult to comprehend, that many believe it is contradictory. Despite there not being a simple one verse explanation, when analyzing all of Scripture there is clear evidence concerning the nature of God. God is three distinct persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, yet they are all fully God making Christianity a monotheistic religion with which many disagree.
There are many religions today that people worship and adapt into their daily lives are their creed. Some may have a lot of gods, while some only have one god. But three of these religions are considered as the major religion practiced by most people in the world today. Although different in some senses in terms of history and other teachings, they all have things in common that most of their followers do not seem to realize. The similarities are very important to understand each religion better and be able to determine which parts they vary. In this paper, I like to discuss the similarities found in the three major monotheistic religions of Judaism, Islam and Christianity.
What is the Trinity? Is written by RC Sproul and gives historical and philosophical context as to the relationship of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Sproul starts the book with a look into what monotheism is and how religion has evolved. He explains all religions evolved from animism to polytheism, henotheism, and then monotheism. There has been much debate since then as to whether the bible is monotheistic and what the origins of monotheism were. Other than where, when, and with whom monotheism started, he gets into the Trinity. If there is in fact one god then how can he be three? The Old Testament firmly establishes that there is one God; meanwhile the New Testament declares that God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit is divine. This brings Sproul into how we have over time tried to figure this out.