Essay On Inhibition Hypothesis

697 Words2 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development

Darwin in 1872 put forth the notion that emotional expressions are inborn and involuntary displays of one’s inner state (1). Darwin developed this ideology further and proposed what is now known as the Inhibition hypothesis (1). This two pronged theory describes the relation of emotion to facial muscle activation, more commonly known as facial expressions (1). The theory states that (a) specific facial muscles can not be intentionally engaged when the genuine emotion is lacking and (b) certain muscles can not be inhibited when a genuine emotion is experienced - it has been noted that this emotion must be particularly intense (Porter and ten Brinke, 2008; Porter, ten Brinke, & Wallace, 2011).
(8) has suggested that the inhibition hypothesis is related to what is currently known about cognitive processes. Mainly, the limited cognitive resources the brain possesses can only be divided between so many tasks; as cognitive demand increases past a particular point [i.e. through high emotional intensity/complex lie] emotional leakage will occur while the individual attempts to be deceptive (8). It is this concept of emotional leakage, precipitated from the inhibition hypothesis, that has been of great interest to researchers as it offers a glimpse into the inner affective state of the subject (8). The applied applications of the concept have been particularly useful in fields concerned with deception detection - especially in regards to high stakes lies (8).
In the discussion of emotional leakage and deception detection it is pertinent to look at what Ekman (1992; 2006) termed “micro-expressions.” A micro-expression is defined as a brief flash of emotion that is outside volitional control occurring through either the lower or up...

... middle of paper ...

...l leakage. Through this process evidence for the threshold at which emotional leakage reaches a maximum could also be found.
A methodological paradigm employed would be a combination of that outlined in (5) and (6). The use of video varying in, rated, emotional intensity would be used as the stimulus in a similar fashion as (6), the methodology would then follow that outlined in (5) [with video stimuli inserted in place of pictures]. EEG recordings would be taken while participants viewed the stimuli and, subsequently, analyzed appropriately.

The analysis of the late positive potential (LPP), occurring at [approximately] 500ms, of the ERP would be useful as it has been linked with the neural engagement of emotional regulation (*****); this time frame parallels Ekman’s micro-expressions upper limit, at [approximately] 500ms, (Yan, Wu, Liang, Chen, & Fu, 2013).

Show More
Related

  • False Confessions to a Crime: The Central Park Jogger

    1089 Words  | 3 Pages

    One of the last types of ways investigators are coached to detect deception is in the behavioral attitudes of a person being interviewed such as being unconcerned or over anxious (Kassin, 2005). The success rate of looking for these cues are very successful in telling if an individual is being deceitful and has surpassed any laboratory tests conducted on the subject. The laboratory test however did reveal some interesting facts. The research showed that people who had training and experience did not score better than the control group who received no training. In fact all individuals scored at the chance level with the people who had training scored just above chance or at the chance level. To check if special training in the detection of deception was more accurate a study ...

    Read More

  • Blindspot Summary

    1714 Words  | 4 Pages

    22). People mindlessly respond to avoid their true emotions. Truthfully, I was not fine, but exploding inside with nervousness. However, I didn’t attempt to burden anyone with my lack of confidence, so I told this untruth. Even though white lies may be harmless, they can lead to other deceptive lies labeled by the authors as gray, red, blue and colorless lies. Why do we tell lies? Interestingly, according to the (Banaji and Greenwald, 2013), “evolutionary biologists have proposed that Homo sapiens is indeed hard-wired to tell lies,” (page 25). Furthermore, we want to appear favorable to our friends and family and this may pressure us to justify our lies. According to (Banaji and Greenwald, 2013) it is referred to as “impression management,” by social psychologists (p.27). Thus, lies allow others to see us as we want to be seen, such as I wanted the group to see me as a confident person who could handle obstacles and superbly interact with

    Read More

  • Rands "anthem"

    581 Words  | 2 Pages

    see the first sign of emotions when "Their face did not move and they did not

    Read More

  • Charles Robert Darwin's Life and Accomplishments

    2526 Words  | 6 Pages

    Hess, U., & Thibault, P. (2009). Darwin and Emotion Expression. American Psychologist, 2, 120-124. doi:10.1037/a0013386

    Read More

  • Similarities Between Humans and Chimpanzees

    665 Words  | 2 Pages

    For instance, Goodall observed during her research that a male gorilla “would threaten [me] with an upward and backward movement jerk of his head.” Some of their emotions are easy to read, while at other times we have to look at multiple places on their faces to understand their feelings. A chimpanzee also uses facial expressions and sounds to communicate with each other, such as hoots and yells. On the contrary, human emotions are more complex than the chimpanzee’s emotions because we have a broad range of emotions to express.

    Read More

  • Abortion Is Not Strictly the Woman's Private Matter

    1013 Words  | 3 Pages

    Hamlin, H. "Life or Death by EEG." Journal of the Amedos. Medical A's',, 1W12/84, p. 20.

    Read More

  • Interpersonal Communication in Disney Pixar’s ‘Up’

    2111 Words  | 5 Pages

    While communicating with another human being, one only has to examine the other’s face in order to comprehend what is being said on a much deeper level. It is said that up to 55 percent of a message’s meaning can be derived from facial expression (Subramani, 2010). These facial manipulations allow thoughts to be expressed in ways that are often difficult to articulate verbally, with the face demonstrating “the thoughts of the mind, and the feelings of the heart” (Singla). Many expressions are said to universal, particularly those showing happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, and...

    Read More

  • Defining Clinical Depression

    698 Words  | 2 Pages

    1) Text: Rosenzweig, Leiman, and Breedlove. 2nd Edition. Biological Psychology: An Introduction to Behavioral, Cognitive, and Clinical Neuroscience. Sinauer Associates, Massachusetts, 1999.

    Read More

  • The Use of Polygraph Testing in Law Enforcement for Investigative and Hiring Tools

    1371 Words  | 3 Pages

    A lie is a false statement with the purposely intentions to deceive, a falsehood or falsification. Since the beginning of time when Adam and Eve were created by god, and Adams fibbed about eating the apple, lying and deception has been the consistent future of human behavior or sin. The history of the polygraph has a similar long history with the reliable means of detecting deception. Researchers believed that this type of work must be viewed with care and cautiously being that the ones who tell the lies know that they are undergoing research and likewise know they do not comparatively behave as they would in real-life settings. There has been numerous of studies that attempt to identify specific verbal and nonverbal behaviors associated with lying. The polygraph does not detect a lie; it detects respiration and cardiovascular activity. The assumption is that liars will become more nervous that one who tells the truth. In the attempt to deceit the test through unconscious actions, many different behaviors have been associated with liars deception, including gazing aversion, the increase or decrease in movement, the amount of pauses or hesitations, slow of the speech rate, and speech errors.

    Read More

  • Neurimaging Science

    1566 Words  | 4 Pages

    As previously stated, neuroimaging science and study began in the early 1900s. The “great granddaddy” of functional brain viewing is electroencephalography, or EEG, and was invented by a German researcher by the name of Hans Berger. This exceptional neurologist discovered that the electrical activity of the brain is detectable outside the head. Following Berger’s steps, a group of scientists came up with ...

    Read More

  • Psychopathy

    2030 Words  | 5 Pages

    Kawasaki et al. (2001) explored the relationship between emotional sensory stimuli and the prefrontal cortex. They looked at neuron response in a 48-year old epilepsy patient using depth electrodes to record neuron activity. They found a short latency to aversive stimuli in the ventral prefrontal cortex.

    Read More

  • Emotions - Universal or A Learned Phenomenon

    1809 Words  | 4 Pages

    One famous pioneer in this area is Ekman (1973 in Shiraev & Levy, 2007, 2004) who classified six basic facial expressions as being universal and reflecting most emotional states. They are happy, sad, anger, disgust, surprised and fearful. Ekman (1973) proposed that the universality of emotions allows individuals to empathise with others and enables us to read other’s feelings therefore emotions must serve an adaptive purpose hence supporting the claim that they are universal (Darwin, 1972 in John, Ype, Poortinga, Marshall & Pierre 2002). Moreover, emotions are widely accepted to accompany...

    Read More

  • Nonverbal Indicators of Deception: Verbal and Nonverbal Cues in Advertising

    1153 Words  | 3 Pages

    Kraut, Robert E. "Verbal and Nonverbal Cues in the Perception of Lying." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36.4 (1978): 380-91. Print.

    Read More

  • Essay On Emotion And Cognition

    1505 Words  | 4 Pages

    3). By drawing on more advanced biological knowledge of the brain’s activities in different areas, Storbeck and Clore (2007) concluded that the visual cortex could actually identify subliminal stimuli (which is regarded as a kind of cognitive activities) without its being consciously aware of by the subject. The only difference between a conscious and unconscious cognitive processing, they argued, was the strength of firing of the neurons which determined whether such information entered the subject’s consciousness, and leading to a more confident identification of the stimuli. Hence an unconscious processing doesn’t rule out cognitive activities and implies a preferential processing of affective components. Furthermore, they argued that amygdala was not the essential part in the mere exposure effect by citing the case of a patient GY whose amygdala has been severed from his visual cortex (Greve & Bauer, 1990) yet who was still shown to have the mere exposure effect. Therefore, they concluded that emotion and cognition should be treated as interdependent faculties functioning alongside with each other. This advocate was supported by a later meta-analytical review of the brain basis of emotion (Lindquist, Wager, Kober, Bliss-Moreau, & Barrett,

    Read More

  • Facial Expressions

    639 Words  | 2 Pages

    ...hat facial expressions can happen from pure emotion and spontaneity, such as the student packing up to leave the library, smiling at nothing because they have finished their task and can leave happily. Then on the other hand they can occur because of interaction and social status, such as the student studying with others and having motor mimicry of the smiling and actions of the other students. The first supports the expression view and the latter supports the ecology view.

    Read More

More about Essay On Inhibition Hypothesis

Open Document