Statistical Report
Introduction
Anthropometric measurements are mainly concerned with assessing a person’s body composition in order to determine their nutrition status. In terms of composition, it assesses the density, fat, subcutaneous fat and the relative muscle mass. Such components provide valuable insights on an individual’s nutrition status, which is influenced by various factors including the quantity and quality of food intake, and a person’s physical health. As such, two extreme variations occur, ranging from malnutrition to obesity. In this context, anthropometric measurements provide tacit evidence of either under or over nutrition.
In this case, an assessment of the upper leg lengths of male and female participants is made which determines whether the legs are proportional in terms of growth. Proportional growth is essential as it influences the strength, locomotion and other physiological aspects. In order to obtain the data for the study, a survey design would be implemented in which systematic sampling would be used. In using systematic sampling, a sampling frame of N1 male subjects and N2 female subjects would first be chosen. Then N1 and N2 would be divided by the respective sample sizes for male and female subjects, n1 and n2. In doing this, two factors, K1 and K2 respectively, would be obtained and will represent the next subject to be selected into the sample for each gender until the samples n1 and n2 are obtained.
In taking measurements of upper leg length, a knee caliper and a steel measuring tape will be used. At first, the subject is instructed to sit with the knee positioned at a 900 angle. The knee caliper is then used to mark the starting point of measurement at the proximal border of the patel...
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...m to the Chebychev rule and the empirical rule. In this context, the data values conform to the less stringent Chebychev rule but fail to satisfy the empirical rule. Essentially, the researcher can be 98% confident that the average upper leg length is between 37.47cm and 40.25cm for females, and between 41.50cm and 43.64cm for males. At the 90% level of confidence, the means would lie between 37.88cm and 39.85cm for females, and 41.71cm and 43.44cm for males.
References
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Center for Disease Control. (2009). National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES): Anthropometry procedures manual. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes_09_10/BodyMeasures_09.pdf
Levine, D. M. (2011). Statistics for managers: Using Microsoft Excel. Boston, Mass.: Pearson.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 31; A-37. Nisell R. (1985) Mechanics of the knee: A study of joint and muscle load with clinical applications. Acta Orthop Scand 216; 1-42. Oatis C. (2009)
This experiment was completed in order to compare calf circumference as well as gender, weight, and jump height. If a person has larger calves, then they will likely be capable of reaching a higher vertical height. It can also be shown that if the person is a male, then they will be able to jump higher. A larger calf circumference is more likely to reflect a high vertical jump due to the fact that the fat content of the calves in the experiment was accounted for, therefore a large calf measurement in this experiment means a muscular calf. It is common knowledge that more muscle will result in stronger legs leading to a higher vertical. While it is believed that males are bigger, faster, and stronger, this leads us to believe that they can also jump higher. Males tend to have stronger muscles at nearly all points in life(Burr, 1997). That being said, the aforementioned hypotheses can be expected to be true because males are likely to have larger, and therefore stronger, calves. It can also be expected that males will display a higher vertical jump(Caruso, 2012).
Trotter, M., Gleser G.C. 1958. A Re-Evaluation of Estimation of Stature Based on Measurements of Stature Taken During Life and of Long Bones After Death. American Journal of Anthropology 16 (1): 79-123.
Obesity is a health problem which is growing very rapidly all over the world. Current health articles such as this one, are emphasizing the importance of diet and exercise, to keep a healthy body weight, and to avoid obesity and its consequences at all costs. It is extremely important to make sure one is maintaining a good body weight in order to avoid other complications later on in life.
National Institute of Clinical Health and Excellence. (2006) Obesity: The prevention, identification, assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults and children [online]. Available from: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG43 [Accessed on 19/03/2011].
Obesity has affected the world in many ways: task forces have been formed to address the issue, people are suffering from health problems due to obesity, and others suffer from psychological and social issues. Nearly two-thirds of the United States population is overweight. There are several ways to determine if a person is obese or overweight. Experts say that a person’s body mass index is the best way to determine an adult’s weight in relation to their height. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 is considered normal, adults with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 are considered overweight.
For this study ten participants were chosen to complete the study. For this particular study, the participants had to be the eldest and youngest child from the same family. They both also had to be raised in the same household. The pairs were picked at random and then asked to complete the test. There were three males tested and seven females tested.
In order to develop this prosthesis they had to go through two main phases, the analysis of a jogger wearing a standard walking prosthesis and computer simulation of the flexing of the knee on this walking prosthesis. They had to measure rotation, weight bearing, moments, and t...
technological advances on the trueness and precision of DXA to assess body composition. Obesity, 20(1), 30-39.
CDC – Obesity and Overweight. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 21 June 2010. Web. 26 July 2010. < http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/>.
...ensity and Energy Costs." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 79.1 (2004): 6-16. Web. 22 Oct. 2013.
Nutrition assessments include clinical and dietary assessment, anthropometrics, as well as biochemical, laboratory immunologic and functional indices of nutritional status (Gibney, 2005). In epidemiological studies, different dietary investigation tools were designed to assess the nutritional status in individuals and populations, nutrition monitoring and surveillance and diet-disease research (Friedenreich, et al., 1992, Taren, 2002).
The purpose of the squat is to train the muscles around the knees and hip joints, as well as to develop strength in the lower back, for execution of basic skills required in many sporting events and activities of daily living. Because a strong and stable knee is extremely important to an athlete or patient’s success, an understanding of knee biomechanics while performing the squat is helpful to therapists, trainers, and athletes alike (11). Because most activities of daily living require the coordinated contraction of several muscle groups at once, and squatting (a multi-joint movement) is one of the few strength training exercises that is able to effectively recruit multiple muscle groups in a single movement, squats are considered one of the most functional and efficient weight-bearing exercises whether an individual’s goals are sport specific or are for an increased quality of life
There are different ways to determine your body composition and the risks that they involve. In this lab, body measurements are taken to find the body percent fat, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index (BMI), and basal metabolic rate (BMR). Skin folds for the chest, abdomen, and thigh were taken for males, and triceps, iliac crest, and thigh for females. Age, height, and weight for each person were recorded as well as the waist and hip circumference.
Stature determination is the other method that is often used by forensic anthropologists in identification of victims. It involves quite many formulas that are developed by other anthropologists through skeletal examinations carried out in different regions as well as backgrounds. It involves measuring the length of several types of leg and bones such as the femur, tibia and fibula, ulna, radius and humerus. The length of the bones are recorded in centimetres as the preferred value. The method is only applicable and effective in the determination of the height of the victim.