The analyst in the intelligence cell could be one of many skill-sets, all of which serve a purpose or hinder the process. It would appear to some SIGINT and GEOINT analysts, with many years experience, identify the all-source analyst with the primary issues of cognitive and perceptual basis. That is not to say the technical intelligence does not have some issues with cognitive and perceptual biases, however, much less in comparison. And before anyone freaks out, just know this is based an isolated experience.
Taking a view into the core of cognitive and perceptual biases, the observer would see a human being. This one person can be their own worst enemy in the analytical process. We learn over time that critical thinking is essential to the analytical process. It allows or motivates an analysts to view whats in front of them in an objective manner first and if experience permits a touch of subjective points are sparsely included. This performance allows intelligence supervisors to quickly identify an analyst who knows more than the basics. According to Heuer (1999), the quality of an analyst is sometimes measured against “…quality of writing, types of analytical products, relations between intelligence analysts and intelligence consumers, or organization of the analytical process” (p. 1). An additional area identified are analysts lifted on pedestals based on nothing more than briefing
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One method is to identify their biases with open dialog. A good supervisor will see if the analyst has built the own obstacle to the area of interest. This step allows the supervisor to move the analyst to a different area of responsibility and focused training. However, if this is not an option, the primary question of forum comes into play. The analyst shouldn’t attempt to improve on their own. Their is a good chance their cognitive and perceptual biases are due to lack of experience or group
Blindspot, authors Mahzarin R. Banaji and Anthony G. Greenwald reveal how people formulate decisions and judgments automatically based on their exposure to cultural attitudes regarding age, gender, race, ethnicity, social class, religion, disability status, and nationality. They claim a section of our brain, a“blind spot,” is responsible for storing the hidden biases that lead us to select choices and decisions in our life. Furthermore, the authors aim to unfold the scientific logic of their analysis of the effects of hidden biases so people will be “better able to achieve the alignment,” between their behavior and intentions (Banaji and Greenwald, 2013) preface
The story I chose for this analysis is “Why, you reckon?” by Langston Hughes. IN this analysis I will be focusing on how the great depression in Harlem had effect on the story, how racism played a part, and how or if the characters were justifyied in their actions. During this time period the intense racial divide combined with the economic harships that plagued the U.S. during the 1923’s makes for an interesting story that makes you think if the charaters were really justified.
Much of the research on false consensus has demonstrated that people tend to over project how many members of their in-group are likely to share their attitudes and behaviors. This effect diminishes when comparing to an out-group. It is thought that this occurs because people feel that people who they do not consider to share a group identity with will likely have different basic attitudes and behaviors than they.
Implicit and explicit biases are related mental constructs. For many years, even dating back to our great’s ancestor, people always have automatic judge people, places, and things. We were all given five senses, knowing how the brain works, we choose to use our conscious actions to judge. Without awareness, we usually act on those judgments. There are two types of judgments consciously and unconsciously.
“The fact that critical thinking relies upon criteria suggests that it is well-founded, structured, and reinforced thinking, as opposed to “uncritical” thinking, which is amorphous, haphazard, and unstructured.”2 For instance, it is important in the academic field because it facilitates the individual to analyze, evaluate, and explain their thought in a clear manner. However, having this knowledge of logical inquiry doesn’t exempt people from making mistakes. Character traits such as bias can affect the effectiveness of the critical thinking process. Critical thinking skills can also be used by nurses during patient assessments. Through critical thinking, nurses can come to conclusive diagnosis or decisions of the situation at hand. Some Colleges now-a-days are including this skills in their curriculum to continue the professional development of their
These biases happen without the person consciously knowing they have
People, both consciously and subconsciously, are consistently exhibiting prejudicial behaviors throughout their daily activities. To begin to unpack this topic, it is important to understand
They are not influenced by the foolishness of being concerned with the judgement of others. We see this with Socrates in a previous reading. He was willing to die, rather than conform to act how the city of Athens expected him to behave. In our modern society today, we see that our perception is influenced or controlled by media. In a technological world, we are exposed to manipulated influences, whether intentional or unintentional.
Probabilistic reasoning is difficult. People prefer to reject ambiguity and demand that concrete predictions be made. However, intelligence is inherently ambiguous. In intelligence forecasting, it is difficult to determine what information constitutes a signal, and what constitutes noise. In “Connecting the Dots: The Paradoxes of Intelligence Reform”, Malcolm Gladwell analyzes several high-profile “intelligence failures”, such as the Yom Kippur War, September 11th, Pearl Harbor, and the Bay of Pigs fiasco, as well as several psychological studies, and comes to the conclusion that: (1) there is no such thing as a perfect intelligence system - all systems require tradeoffs; (2) failures do not constitute the limitations of the intelligence community,
Now days, companies are searching for new ways of gathering data so that they can get useful data in order to make well informed decisions regarding the market they are operating in. Google analytics is considered one of the best tools offers extensive amount of data to business owners for free. However, the success of business is highly depended on how well they can arrange data and customize their collected data corresponded to their business priorities. Google analytics provides beneficial information for companies regardless of their extent of operation.
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
foreign perceptions. You can chose to believe what you have learned or use the knowledge you
What is not easily recognized is the fact that the very fabric of life is dependent on the ability to think properly and make good decisions. Improper thinking is costly in the quality of life and monetarily. The result of a critical thinker that has worked to cultivate proper thinking skills includes: the ability to ask vital questions and to identify problems with clarity. A critical thinker also collects relevant information while effectively interpreting it, thinks with an open mind, uses alternative systems of thought, and understands how to communicate while working to formulate a strong solution. In summary, critical thinking is self-disciplined, self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking. Above all else, the standards of excellence are rigorous, and it entails the prospect of overcoming the challenge of sociocentrism and
The cost of changes is divided into several groups, which include various elements associated with the stages of investment in the project.
Critical thinking is a process of applying various skills to analyze information. Critical thinking uses rationality to distinguish between emotion and fact. This paper will discuss the definition of critical thinking, and the skills it takes to think critically. It will also provide an example of critical thinking applied to my current working environment. Finally this paper will discuss the importance and benefits of critical thinking in the decision-making processes.