The clinical examination of Enamel Hypoplasia: There are two main types of enamel hypoplasia, a hereditary type and an environmental in which both dentitions may be involved. Usually in the heredity type, only the enamel is infected whereas the environmental can affect both enamel and dentin. In mild environmental hypoplasia, few pits, small grooves or fissures are seen on the enamel surface (Fig.1) where in much more severe conditions the enamel may exhibit rows of deep pits arranged horizontally across the tooth surface. A single row of pits or several ones could be seen indicating a series of injuries(Fig.2). A considerable portion of enamel may be absent in the most serious cases suggesting a prolonged disturbance in the function …show more content…
Most frequently seen on: The maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors and the first molars. III. Molars are referred to as mulberry molars(Fig.3) and the anterior as Hutchinson’s teeth(Fig.4). Figure 3: Enamel hypoplasia of congenital syphilis (mulberry molars). The mandibular first molar shows many small globular masses of enamel on the occlusal portion of the tooth. Figure 4: Enamel Hypoplasia of congenital syphilis ( Hutchinson's incisors). There is characteristic notching of the incisal edges of the maxillary central incisors as well as tapering of the mesial and distal surfaces toward the incisal portion. Local Infection I. Appearance: Discoloration of the enamel surface to a mild, brownish color and severe irregularity and pitting of the tooth crown. II. Most frequently seen on: The permanent maxillary incisors or a maxillary or mandibular premolar. III. This type of Hypoplasia is often seen on a single tooth and it’s referred to as Turner’s teeth(Fig.5). Figure 5: Enamel Hypoplasia due to local infection (Turner's hypoplasia). The crown of the unerupted bicuspid is extremely irregular, owing to disruption of the forming tooth by infection through the preceding deciduous tooth (Courtesy of Dr Ralph E
For those that have bad habits with cigarettes, Tobacco Cessation Counseling is available. Cigarettes cause tooth loss, rotting, and surface stains; hygienist make sure to pass this information to the patient and help them to understand that quitting is the best option if they want to keep their teeth. As said before, a hygienist informs the patient on what foods to avoid. Nutritional Counseling is provided if a hygienist believes there is danger with a patients teeth such as diseases. (Dental Hygiene Clinic) Any foods with high acidity is something a dental hygienist would recommend avoiding. For example, apples, hard candies, popcorn, diet sodas, and salad dressing. Enamel is the hardest structure in the human body. It’s even harder than bones. When the enamel is exposed to acid, it wears down and erodes. This is how tooth erosion and decay happens. They will educate the patient with what foods to replace the bad ones with. Although, a dentist is who performs the restorations, a hygienist can still inform what will happen. Because of the fact that hygienists usually see patients before the dentist, they will give feedback to the dentist and recommend restorations in the mouth. They specialize in providing clinical and educational services (Sealy Dental Center) so they are very useful to dentists. When a patient has missing, chipped, or sharpened teeth, a restoration is done to replace the originals. Some examples
Periodontitis (less commonly known as pyorrhea) is a cluster of diseases that affect the tissues that support and surround teeth. These tissues are collectively known as the periodontium. The disease is caused by microbes that grow on the tooth surface. another feature of the disease is the fact that once these microbes establish themselves, the immune response by the body tends to be over-aggressive, which can lead to tissue loss and other problems. Typically this disease is diagnosed using a multi-faceted approach, which includes using hand instruments to measure the depth of periodontal pockets and taking X-ray films of the patients mouth to determine bone loss.
The article Poor Teeth was written by Sarah Smarsh with the goal in mind being to shed light on the issue between upper and lower class society in a particularly concrete way. Teeth and dental health are an easy thing for people to imagine in their head because everyone has a set whether they’re white and shiny or black and rotted. This makes it easy to draw a comparison between people that care for their teeth and those who don’t. However, access to dental knowledge and services which the lower class often times doesn’t have is very different between the poor and the rich. While the rich stroll through life showing off their perfect glossy white rows of teeth, there are less privileged people out there with barren mouths whose weak pale gums
The loss of his mother and is devotion to education spurred him to peruse a degree in dentistry. In 1870 Holliday moved to Philadelphia to attend the University of Philadelphia Dental School. During his studying he wrote his thesis on the “disease of the Teeth”. His mentor during school Lucian Frink who practiced dentistry in Valdosta, Georgia between 1868 until 1879, Holliday attempted to gain the most information possible. At the University of
In White Teeth, Zadie Smith warns against the dangers of purism and letting cultural background completely shape one’s identity while simultaneously paying tribute to the rich heritage and beliefs of her characters. It is a cautionary tale for immigrants but is never dismissive of their past. Smith is merely advising against tunnel vision and stressing the need to adapt to one’s environment. She shows the beauty that can stem from adaptation while warning that an inability to do so will lead to one’s downfall. London plays an especially important role as the battleground where the past and the present clash; a melting pot with a large immigrant population and inevitable moral struggle.
lip, skin folds at the corners of the eyes, indistinct groove on the upper lip, and an
Halitosis is the medical term for Bad Breath. When people think of bad breath they automatically think that food is the cause of the bad odor. When in reality there are many factors that can lead up to bad breath. Yes food is one of them but there are other reasons as to why a person may be experiencing bad breath or teeth staining. A person may experience bad breath or teeth staining because they may have a health problem that is causing the odor other factors are smoking and chewing tobacco.
After the treatment and procedure is complete, patients leave with healthier, more beautiful teeth, giving them the confidence to ask someone out on a date or the confidence to smile on an important job interview. Dentistry is and has been for centuries, an important aspect of people’s ...
Abnormal wear of tooth surfaces was an orthodontic problem early on, even ancient people wanted straight teeth! To close gaps, it has been construed that catgut did the work now done by today’s orthodontic wire. In 400-500 BC, Hippocrates and Aristotle both ruminated about ways to level teeth and fix many dental conditions. It should be noted that in Medieval times, expert barbers often performed dental “operations”, extractions, and procedures such as blood-letting. In seventeen twenty-eight, French Dentist Pierre Fauchard published a book called “The Surgeon Dentist” about ways to straighten and align teeth. He used a device called a “Bandeau,” a horse-shaped piece of precious metal which helped...
It’s an accessory cusp usually located on the lingual surface of permanent or deciduous incisors.
Humans only get one set of adult teeth after losing all of their primary teeth therefore, it is important to take care of them. “Dental caries: Strategies to control this preventable disease” is an article written by Rugg-Gunn, Andrew presents several reasons why dental decay is a widespread disease. Rugg-Gunn cites that the main cause of dental decay is lack of fluoride, poor diet, bacteria from plaque, and sugars. Based on this evidence, Rugg-Gunn concludes that “dental caries can be prevented” (Rugg-Gunn128), but there is no evidence of stopping the disease from happening. While Rugg-Gunn raises a revolving problem around the world with human oral decay he however, does not have a good approach on what decay really is.
Teeth #1, 16, and 17 are unerupted. There is a PFM on tooth #22. There were two 3-unit bridges: teeth #19 through 21 with a gold abutment on tooth #19, the pontic on tooth #20 and a PFM abutment on tooth #21, as well as on teeth #23 through 25, with PFM abutments on teeth #23 and 25, and the pontic on tooth #24. The amalgam restorations are as follows: an MO on tooth #2 and an MOD on teeth #3 and 5. There are cervical composites on teeth #3 and 4. Tooth #15 was missing the crown. Tooth #13 was a root tip. There are class two furcations on the lingual surface of teeth #1, 18, and 19, and a class one furcation on the buccal surface of tooth #18. There is 2mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 29, 25, 26, and 27, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 21, 22, 26, 27. There is 4mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #3 and 23, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #12, 23, and 25. There is 6mm of recession on the facial surface of tooth #22. Teeth #3, 4, 18, 26, and 27 had attrition. There was erosion on the lingual and incisal surfaces of teeth #8 through
On his initial examination dated 23/06/13 the patient was seen for a routine full mouth scale and polish with reinforced oral hygiene instruction including flossing technique. He presented with excellent oral hygiene at this appointment which was a reflection of his commitment to good oral hygiene; tooth-brushing twice daily and dental flossing once daily. This was further supported by the patients plaque scores at 5% and bleeding scores at 4% with only minimal supra gingival calculus on lower anterior teeth. There was no erythema or oedema present on the gingival tissues.
Cosmetic dentistry is a specialized field that deals with improving the aesthetics of teeth and the human face. The teeth are an important part of human beauty. Even minor damage to the teeth, such as breakage or loss can drastically alter the overall appearance of the face. This is where cosmetic dentistry comes in to restore beauty. Cosmetic dentistry has become a highly specialized branch due to various advancements in surgical procedures and diagnostic techniques. Several new materials have also been discovered. These materials are very close to the natural enamel and bone from which teeth are made and are virtually indistinguishable. Cosmetic dentistry is an option in conditions such as teeth loss, gaps between teeth, cracked or chipped teeth, cavities and dental
Hoda, Koby. "Dentistry Myths." Common Myths. Vol. 10. (2000): n. page. Web. 24 Jan. 2014.