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An essay on ebola virus
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An essay on ebola virus
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“Doctors told to prepare for global outbreak after Ebola victim was allowed on two planes” - - www.mirror.co.uk
Until the global outbreak of the Ebola virus in 2014, I heard of a real-life present-day killer virus. Of course, I learned about the Black Plague that occurred centuries ago killing millions of people. But in the modern day, no. It was horrifying. This paper will explore the origins, types, causes/effects, and what is being done to fight the spread of the Ebola virus – the Black Plague of 2014.
It is believed that this virus has been in hiding since ancient times. The lack of knowledge about it’s natural history and reservoirs keeps researchers seeking out the mysterious virus that has no treatment or cure. Based on the available evidence and comparisons of similar viruses, researchers believed the virus to be animal-borne and that the host animal is native to Africa. Their attempts have been unsuccessful, and the source of the virus or where it circulates in between outbreaks is unknown.
There is but one other virus similar to the Ebola, which is a Filovirus, and that is Marburg. Ebola has a 90% death rate, whereas, Marburg is not as deadly. Their long and ropelike shape rather than roundness, as is most other viruses, characterize Filoviruses.
Ebola is contracted very much like HIV: bodily fluids such as blood, vomit, sharing needles, and sexual contact. The only difference is that Ebola can be transmitted from the close contact of an infected person, which is the most common means of infection. This is possible because the Ebola virus has cells on the infected person’s skin. For example, should you touch someone with the virus and then an opening on your body, like your mouth, you can be infected. This is why and how so many health care workers and family members are contaminated before a diagnosis is made. Ebola has an incubation period of 2-21 days depending on how one acquired the virus: direct (needle) or less direct (close contact) contact. Direct contact is far deadlier than the latter.
The virus’ name is taken from the Ebola River in Zaire (now known as Democratic Republic of the Congo), the site of the initial outbreak in 1976. The primary symptoms are flu-like: sore throat, muscle pain, headaches, and weakness. Then, as it advances, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and limited kidney and liver functions occur.
This extremely pathogenic zoonotic virus is now understood to travel from bat species, to equine intermediate hosts, to humans.[8, 10] The Hendra virus is listed as a Bio-Safety Level (BSL)-4, and can only be studied at a few adequately equipped laboratories worldwide due to its virulence.[1, 2] Case fatality rates
Since the beginning of time, human existence has been overwhelmed by threatening diseases. To begin with, leprosy and other highly contagious skin diseases affected humanity as early as in the days of the Old Testament. Due to its rapidly infectious manner and its degrading and dehumanizing results, skin-diseased victims were often ostracized and permanently confined to live in isolated caves. During the Medieval and Renaissance historical periods of Europe, one-third of its population or 25 million people were unmercifully obliterated in a mere two years by the Bubonic plague (10.a). However, the wrath of the Bubonic plague did not end in those two years, as it continued to invade the European expanse for the next two hundred years (1348-1530) as an epidemic commonly known as the "Black Death" (10.d). The next Bubonic plague outbreak occurred in south-central, southwestern, and northern India accompanied also by the Pneumonic plague in 1994 (10.c). An outbreak of Marburg disease, a type of hemorrhagic fever, was observed in laboratory workers in Marburg, Germany and Belgrade, Yugoslavia. These workers were accidentally exposed and infected with the virus resulting in 31 cases, in which 7 people died. In 1976, the Ebola virus, another type of hemorrhagic fever, imploded in Central Africa claiming some 500 victims. Until this very day, t...
It is so lethal that nine out of ten of its victims die. Later, geniuses at USAMRIID found out that it wasn't Zaire! but a new strain of Ebola. which they named Ebola Reston. This was added to the list of strains: Ebola.
In the New York Times interview of Richard Preston, the well renowned author of The Hot Zone, is conducted in order to shed some light on the recent Ebola outbreak and the peaked re-interest in his novel. The Hot Zone is articulated as “thriller like” and “horrifying.” Preston uses similar diction and style choices corresponding with his novel. By choosing to use these specific methods he is advertising and promoting The Hot Zone to the audience members that are interested in reading, and reaching out to those who read and enjoyed his novel. He continuously grabs and keeps the reader’s attention by characterizing and personifying Ebola as the “enemy [and] the invisible monster without a face” in order to give the spectators something to grasp and understand the Ebola virus. Along with characterization, Preston uses descriptions with laminate
In this book they talk about how the virus attaches itself to “host cells,” such as living human/animal cells, and from there it damages the all of the cells in the body by multiplication. Once the virus has taken over all of the living cells in one person or animal, it jumps to the next living cell it can find, causing an amplification of the virus. Once the virus cannot find another host cell, the virus “vanishes,” but it doesn’t go away. It is just waiting for the next victim to come along. This emphasizes the importance of the working with this virus in a biocontainment facility that is made especially for pathogenic viruses and bacteria like Ebola.
Ebola, a virus which acquires its name from the Ebola River (located in Zaire, Africa), first emerged in September 1976, when it erupted simultaneously in 55 villages near the headwaters of the river. It seemed to come out of nowhere, and resulted in the deaths of nine out of every ten victims. Although it originated over 20 years ago, it still remains as a fear among African citizens, where the virus has reappeared occasionally in parts of the continent. In fact, and outbreak of the Ebola virus has been reported in Kampala, Uganda just recently, and is still a problem to this very day. Ebola causes severe viral hemorrhagic fevers in humans and monkeys, and has a 90 % fatality rate. Though there is no cure for the disease, researchers have found limited medical possibilities to help prevent one from catching this horrible virus.
The supreme law of the land (“Constitution of the United States” 17), the source of all government power (“The Constitution” 1), the Constitution, framed in 1787 established the structure of United States government on the basis of the unprecedented notion: federalism. Federalism, the division of power amongst varying levels of government, first appeared in the English language in 1793 (Oxford English Dictionary), and has since remained true to both its American origin and denotation. In modern times, federalism is evident in the American system in addressing the West-African epidemic, and borderline pandemic, ebola. Through collaborative and individual efforts, the federal, state and local governmental bodies of the United States have exemplified the concept
Ebola. The name rings with the fear of a horrible death. The interesting thing is, it's not as bad a what you probably conjured up in your mind when you read "Ebola". The Western news media has significantly hyped up the dangers of the virus. In the US, Ebola is virtually synonymous with death! During the current unprecedented worldwide outbreak there have been about 5,000 deaths due to Ebola. Compare this with Influenza, which causes nearly 20,000 deaths every year!
The Ebola virus was discovered in 1976. It has four strains, each from a different geographic area, but all give their victims the same painful, often lethal symptoms.
Many new viruses are emerging from the rainforest every year. The deadly viruses include the Ebola, Marburg, and AIDS viruses. They are some of the most destructive and lethal viruses that human kind has ever seen. They seem to affect most of the body and it?s organs with some rather gruesome symptoms. Although most die ending their suffering, some survive to relay the story of their pain. The Marburg virus described in “The Hot Zone” , by Richard Preston, exemplifies these new gruesome viruses well.
This virus is similar to Ebola, because it started in the same place. Lab workers in Germany, in 1967, contracted the new virus while working with African Green Monkeys, which had the virus. The virus is described as a hemorrhagic fever. It has a fatality rate up to 90% and spreads through human to human contact. The first symptoms can be as simple as a fever and a headache, then can progress to organ failure, and fatal internal bleeding.
Ebola from everyone’s point of view is seen as inferno. Dr. Steven Hatch’s memorable journey began with him volunteering to leave for Liberia in 2013 to work at a hospital in Monrovia to fight Ebola in one of its most affected areas. There were only a few patients with Ebola when he arrived. The number of patients rapidly increased over his time in Liberia. After six months Ebola was declared a world health emergency and not only were ordinary people outside of the hospital getting the virus but the medical personnel that were tending to the patients had caught it and some of them had even died.
Ebola, a major threat to today's society, is threatening all parts of today's culture. In this paper one will be presented with six major points of analyses. The first an outbreak timeline, the next three are a basic overview of the deadly virus. In the fifth, one will be presented with what things are being blamed for these violent outbreaks. And in the sixth and final point one will be shown what is being done to better the situation.
Marburg virus belongs to the genus Marburgvirus in the family Filoviridae, and causes a grave hemorrhagic fever, known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), in twain humans and nonhuman primates. Basic Safety measures for medical personnel and others who are taking care of presumed individuals who may be contaminated with Marburg disease. Marburg Virus, Akin to the more widely known Ebola hemorrhagic fever, MHF is portrayed by systemic viral replication, lowering the body’s normal immune response to invasion by foreign substances and abnormal inflammatory responses. Ebola and Marburg Virus are very similar in many ways Marburg virus was introduced first in the 1960’s. These pathological features of the disease subsidize to a numerous of systemic dysfunctions including
...ary 2014)”. The Ebola epidemic helps remind the U.S. That other nations are there to work with them, and unite to prevent a rapid growing disease. CDC partners with programs from other nations, such as the Global Disease Detection Centers, and the Field Epidemiology Training Program, which work to stop the Ebola virus. Information systems will grow stronger, more partnerships dedicated to stopping outbreaks will be formed and laboratory security will also grow. The writer of the paper cannot agree more to this.