Discourse on Method
Heuresis (or invention) comprises, as Richard Lanham notes, "the first of the five traditional parts of rhetorical theory,
concerned with the finding and elaboration of arguments" (1991: 91). In Aristotle's Rhetoric the category of heuresis included
the kinds of proof available to the rhetorician, lists of valid and invalid topoi, as well as the various commonplaces the
rhetorician might touch upon - loci or stereotypical themes and observations ("time flies") appropriate to a given occasion
(Lanham 1991: 166-170). In a more contemporary sense heuretic is defined by the OED as "the branch of logic which treats
of the art of discovery or invention." Both senses of this word, along with its more familiar cognate heuristic, are significant
for the project embarked upon in Gregory Ulmer's latest book, Heuretics: The Logic of Invention.
In a continuation of a project begun in his two earlier works, Applied Grammatology and Teletheory, Heuretics seeks to
explore the possibilities opened up by the "matrix crossing French postructuralist theory, avant-garde art experiments, and
electronic media" (xi) for the invention of new methods of academic research and the production of new kinds of texts.
"Theory," Ulmer notes, "is assimilated into the humanities in two principal ways - by critical interpretation and by artistic
experiment" (3). Heuretics, then, is to be contrasted with hermeneutics.
The relevant question for heuretic reading is not the one guiding criticism (according to the theories of Freud, Marx, Wittgenstein, Derrida, and others:
What might be the meaning of an existing work?) but one guiding a generative experiment: Based on a given theory, how might another text be
compos...
... middle of paper ...
...n: Indiana University Press.
Jay, Martin (1984) Adorno. Cambridge Mass: Harvard.
Kipnis, Jeffrey (forthcoming) Choral Work. London: Architectural Association.
Lanham, Richard A (1991) A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms. 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Peters, F.E. (1967) Greek Philosophical Terms: An Historical Lexicon. New York: New York University Press.
Sack, Robert David (1980) Conception of Space in Social Thought: A Geographic Perspective. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press.
Tschumi, Bernard (1987) Cinegramme folie: Le Parc de la Villette. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Ulmer, Gregory L. (1994) Heuretics: The Logic of Invention. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
----, (1985) Applied Grammatology: Post (c) - Pedagogy from Jacques Derrida to Joseph Beuys. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press.
Olson, Annie. “An Introduction to Rhetoric.” Le Tourneau U, May 2006. Web. 6 Dec. 2011.
One of the Rhetorical Concepts is Logos. Purdue Owl puts it as, “Logos is frequently translated as some variation of ‘logic or reasoning,’ but it originally referred to the actual content of a speech and how it was organized” (Purdue Owl). If you look at Logos more carefully you’ll see that it refers to the structure and content of the text itself. It’s the logical argument; the facts, research, shared wisdom, and definitions.
Ramage, John D., John C. Bean, and June Johnson. Writing Arguments: A Rhetoric with Readings. 9th ed. Boston: Pearson Education, 2012. Print.
McNeil, Hayden. The Anteater's Guide to Writing & Rhetoric. Irvine: Composition Program, Department of English, UC Irvine, 2014. Print.
Rhetoric is the use of words, through speech or writings, for the sake of persuasion and argument. The name Aristotle is known around the world. He is one of the most famous philosophers throughout history. Aristotle introduced to us the concept of the Rhetorical Triangle and three Rhetorical Appeals in order to apply structure to persuasion and argument. The Rhetorical Triangle, consists of the audience, the author, and the text, or message. Each Rhetorical Appeal corresponds to a point of the triangle. Logos, which is Greek for words, follows logic and applies to the text. The Greek word for character is ethos, it refers to credibility applies to the authority of the author to speak on the given subject.
Rhetoric is something that we use constantly in our everyday life. Unbeknown to us, we have been using the persuasive appeals of pathos, ethos and logos even for the most mundane things. Rhetoric can be seen everywhere in our everyday’s lives in form of media, religion, politics, government propaganda, historic references and social media. We should learn to identify and appropriately use the different categories of rhetoric expressions in an effective manner. Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing in order to convince the audience or the reader. It is sued to convince the audience to think in the same way as the arguer or the presenter.
Student's Book of College English: Rhetoric, Reader, Research Guide and Handbook. Boston: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2012. 402-405.
Candice Scheffing, a student a New Mexico Tech, not to long ago sent an email to the Clark112-list on the subject of gender. She had analyzed an essay by James Q. Wilson called "Gender" for his use of rhetorical strategies. Many rhetorical strategies can be seen in the email. The rhetorical strategies that can be found are alliteration, assonance, and cacophony.
3- Herrick, J., (2009). The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Baird, Forrest E., and Walter Kaufman. "Aristotle." Ancient Philosophy. 3rd ed. Philosophic Classics, vols. 1. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2000. 304 - 444.
The. The "Aristotle". Home Page English 112 VCCS Litonline. Web. The Web.
Clark (2016) suggests that rhetoric isn’t limited to oral communication, but currently has a permanent foothold in written works: magazine or newspaper excerpts, novels, and scientific reports. Not only written
McDowell, J. H. (1998). ‘The role of eudaimonia in Aristotle’s ethics’. In Mind, value, and reality. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Kennedy, George A. Classical Rhetoric and its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
Today it is not limited to broadcast television but there are other means of communication has become the recipient to decide what type it receives because it is the research and investigation and that is through the Internet, which show the information that is acquainted with them and to search for or has the level of culture and send the person who sits behind a computer screen and use the keyboard to get information or broadcast what information. This essay will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using technology .