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History of photo manipulation
History of photo manipulation
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Digital-less photography is an old way to take pictures that is not much used anymore. There are many different ways to produce the actual image when it is digital. In this paper I want to describe how dark rooms work, different thing that can happen to the picture during the process, the change in from digital-less to digital photography, this history of photography, and things you need for a darkroom.
A darkroom is literally a dark room that people make photographs. When making a darkroom the room has to be light tight, meaning absolutely no outside light is let in. If making a darkroom in a house a basement, corner or bathroom would work. There are multiple ways to make a room light tights: weather stripping, duct tape, and wooden strips
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The daguerreotype process was when the image was exposed onto a mirror-polished surface of silver bearing a coating of silver halide particles deposited by iodine vapor. Henry Fox Talbot developed a calotype in 1841. His process used a silver iodide coated paper instead of halide. Louis Desire Blanquart-Evrard invented the albumen print in 1850. This was this first commercially used method of producing a photographic print on a piece of paper from a negative. James Ambrose Cutting patented the ambrotype in 1854. This was a process that creates a positive image on a sheet of glass using the wet collodion process. Frederick Scott Archer created the wet collodion process o few years earlier. Cutting used it as a positive not a negative. Adolphe-Alexandre Martin invented the ferrotype in 1853. This process is the same as the ambrotype expect the photograph is created on a sheet of metal instead of a sheet of glass. Dr. Richard L. Maddox in 1871 invented the dry plate process. This was the first economically successful durable medium. By 1879 the first dry plate factory had been established. Richard H. Norris in 1856 invented the wet plate process. The wet plate was also a successful process but had its drawback. It had to be used in a certain amount of time, its slow photographic speed, and numerous chemicals required.
In 105 CE a man named Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty invented the paper from worn fishnet, bark and cloth. These materials were used because they could be easily found at a low price compared to Hemp fiber and silk. Hemp fiber and silk were used at first but then the Chinese realized there are greater uses for this material. Therefore they started to use the worn fishnet, bark and
Prior to the invention of the daguerreotype, the Camera Obscura was the main optical instrument that was used to project images onto paper. The Camera Obscura was a device in the shape of a box that allowed light, which was being reflected from the images that the user was intending to capture, to enter through an opening at one end of the box to form an image on a surface and an artist would then trace the image to form the most accurate impression of an image at that peri...
A camera obscura is created using a small dark room, a small pinhole, and a concave lense.
The traditional photographic process that has defined image reproduction for over 150 years involves a long drawn out series of chemical reactions beginning with the capture of light on silver film and ending with the fixing of the image onto paper or a transparency through the development processing. The final image is analog, which means it is composed of continuous gradients that are analogous to the gradients seen in the world around us.
Photo manipulation dates back to some of the earliest photographs that were captured on glass and tin plates. The practice of manipulation began not long after the creation of the first camera by Joseph Niépce, a French man who developed the heliograph which darkened paper coated with silver chloride when exposed to light. Back then, traditional photographic prints would be altered using various techniques that involved manipulation directly to the film. These manipulations included retouching with ink, bleaching, airbrushing, or even scratching the film during developing. Back then, these manipulations were used to deceive and persuade viewers to improve the effects of storytelling and self-expression.
The idea for photographing came around in 1814 when Joseph Niépce wanted an image of his son before he left for war. He succeeded in making the first camera in 1827, but the camera needed at least eight hours to produce one picture. Parisian Louis Daguerre invented the next kind of camera in 1839, who worked with Niépce for four years. His camera only needed fifteen to thirty minutes to produce a picture. Both Niécpe’s and Daguerre’s cameras made pictues on metal plates. In the same year Daguerre made his camera, an Englishman by the name of William Henry Fox Talbot made the first camera that photographed pictures on paper. The camera printed a reverse picture onto a negative and chemicals were needed to produce the photo up right. In 1861, color film came along and pictures were produced with color instead of being just black and white. James Clerk Maxwell is credited with coming up with color film, after he took the ...
In 1814 Joseph Nicéphore Niépce took the Camera Obscura and developed a special type of paper which the images could be printed on. These photographs that Joseph printed didn’t last long and faded away after some time. But it wasn’t until 1826 when he invented permanent images/photographs. His photographs were made on a polished pewter plate covered with petroleum derivative which would then harden with the exposure to light. The unhardened parts would be washed away and the metal plate could be polished, which would then make a negative image and then that negative image could be printed on a piece of paper or other material. Later on other inks and types of chemicals that could be used to print pictures more efficiently were developed. Later on Cameras became more popular as people started to want self-portraits of themselves or family portraits. It became a major business and would become a great success. But one of the biggest changes came when Kodak invented the first “Point and Shoot Cameras”, which allowed people to take a picture immediately and have it published later on. This gave photographers a greater opportunity to take better pictures as...
For over a century motion picture have entertained the masses, allowing people to view life taking place on a large screen. For the majority of this time these movies were shot using the same film found in photographic cameras. Technology always seems to take over and the film industry seems poised to be the next target. With digital picture acquisition getting better everyday, movies are beginning to be shot completely digital. There are a number of plusses and minuses of shooting digitally but digital cinematography will soon replace film in most productions.
An investigation into the theory that photography is an entity constructed by three fundamental processes; a concept, an image and a viewer and how they if at all contribute to the communication of a photograph.
Digital photography has become the most accessible form of photography thus far. There are digital cameras everywhere; in phones, in iPods, and on computers. Digital files can be directly transferred to the internet from the same device which they were taken. In the days of the daguerreotype reproducing a print wasn’t even a possibility, each photograph could only be printed once.
This essay themasised the uniqueness of the physical process as well as the thought process of analogue photography.
However, times have changed and we are now in the 21st century, an era where mobile camera phones and wearable cameras are inseparable from modern society. Long gone are the days where film had to be chemically treated in a darkroom; with digital cameras now boasting an instant print feature where one can send photographs to their home printer with a click of a button. In an era where digital technology has catapulted the photography industry far beyond the wildest imaginations of Sontag 's time, one would ponder whether Sontag 's analysis still holds true.
2240x1680 - Found on 4 megapixel cameras -- the current standard -- this allows even larger printed photos, with good quality for prints up to 16x20 inches.
“The digital camera is a great invention because it allows us to reminisce instantly” (Demetri Martin, Brainyquote.com).The invention of the camera is a worldwide product that is being used every second. The camera is able to hold precious memories and an abundance of pictures. The camera was an invention that was regularly maintained up to date. During the time the camera was invented, it was capable to taking one picture at a time and only in black and white. Now a days, the camera has become digital. Digital cameras allow people to capture vast amount of picture in HD and colour. D Demetri Martin admires the camera with great passion because it allows him to remember the times he had captured. This famous invention was invented by a brilliant man, Thomas Edison. Thomas Edison is an influential, honoured, and well known inventor throughout the world. Edison has created a bulk of inventions. He had 1093 patents over a span of 40 years. Thomas Edison is an accomplished inventor that started when his mother believed in him, the
Digital cameras allow computer users to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally instead of on traditional film. With some digital cameras, a user downloads the stored pictures from the digital camera using special software included with the camera. With others, the camera stores the pictures on a floppy disk or on a PC Card. A user then copies the pictures to a computer by inserting the floppy disk into a disk drive or the PC Card into a PC Card slot (Chambers and Norton 134). Once stored on a computer, the pictures can be edited with photo-editing software, printed, faxed, sent via electronic mail, included in another document, or, posted to a Web site for everyone to see.