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Cocaine research paper introduction
Summary on cocaine
Summary on cocaine
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Cocaine comes from the leaves of the coca plant which also provides us with the beans to make a popular delight, chocolate. Cocaine is a popular drug that has a great addictive quality, and it is very popular not only to those who use it but also in pop culture. Cocaine comes from Colombia mostly. The drug cocaine is a stimulant drug. This drug causes the body to feel a great sense of euphoria that is only normally released when you achieve an accomplishment. Cocaine can also give you a boost of self confidence when you have taken it, as well as an increase in socialability because the overall power you feel when high on this drug. Other forms of cocaine is free base cocaine, which is commonly known as crack. Crack is a crystal rock form of cocaine and is often cheaper than cocaine as well. Crack was given its name because if the crackling sound it makes when you smoke it. …show more content…
When high on cocaine it makes you feel invincible, indestructible, focus, and you don't get hungry Which is why a lot of celebrities and models use it. This high from this drug cocaine lasts for about 15 minutes to 30 minutes depending on the user, how much she or he takes, and how long they have been using this drug. The drug cocaine is a drug that targets the central nervous system, the drug cocaine prevents the brains dopamine from being recycled as it normally would be when not using cocaine. Dopamine is linked with happiness and when continued to cocaine it, become more challenging to become a naturally happy person. The sub product from this drug crack, also has the same affect on a person except the high is
The Cocaine Kids and Dorm Room Dealers are two very different, but yet similar books. Cocaine Kids are about a group of kids, primarily of Hispanic race, with one kid of the Black race. The kids were raised in the inner city of New York. Dorm Room Dealers are about White, middle to upper-middle class college students, who was selling drugs for their status. The purpose of this paper is to prove that there are racial disparities among drug users. There will be examples from the texts that show the different takes on the drug markets and how race plays a factor. There also will be how these experiences shape the kids drug dealing and using. The paper will conclude how all the kids either remained in the drug career or left the drug career.
Cocaine is a Schedule II drug, known for its addictive properties and permissive medicinal administration. Cocaine exists in two forms: water soluble and insoluble; these forms can enter the bloodstream by mechanism of oral ingestion, intravenous injection, inhalation, and intranasal inhalation (Volkow, 2010). Cocaine is a stimulus, therefore the use of cocaine stimulates the para-sympathetic nervous system, exciting physiological reactions, but also creating a sense of euphoria resulting from an increase in dopamine activity (Barlow & Durand, 2012). Cocaine is effective in stimulating euphoria because of the dopamine agonists properties it possesses (Carlson, 2013).
Cocaine is a classified ‘Schedule II’ drug, also known as “crack”, and “coke” it is a powerful drug, and addictive stimulant well known as a psychoactive substance. That comes from a plant called coca leaf that has been around since the mid-1800s and throughout the 20th century. “In the mid-1980s, addiction to the drug was seen as exaggerated or dismissed as psychological and not addiction” (Miller, Gold, Smith, 1997, p.62). In the past, cocaine’s original use was for medical purposes as local anesthetic for surgeries. Now its usage is illegal and this drug is immersed into the body through various ways. However,...
“It is synthesized from the leaves of the coca plant to form a paste. This paste is further synthesized and cut with adulterant substances to make it into street-level cocaine that can be injected, snorted or smoked. To make the paste, there is a process of extracting the cocaine that includes the use of toxic chemicals. There are two main ways that the cocaine paste is made: solvent extraction and acid extraction”.
“The first time cocaine is used it may make the heart beat faster leading to a feeling of excitement and fear” (qtd. in Carroll, 1994, p.24). Followed by euphoria, these feelings can peak within five seconds. The user then begins to feel more energetic and becomes more sociable (Carroll, 1994). One inhalation will produce a high usually lasting 10-15 minutes. After this zenith of intense sensation, “…the drug wears off, these temporary sensations of mastery are replaced by an intense depression, and the drug abuser will then "crash", becoming lethargic and typically sleeping for several days” (qtd. in Narconon, 2001). There are several different ways to use crack. It can be snorted, smoked, or taken intravenously. It can also be taken orally (chewed), but this method is not preferred because of the low intensity of the high. The two most popular ways of using crack are smoking and IV usage. These two methods are most favored because they give the most intense sensations.
Crack was a mixture of chemicals and powdered cocaine. It was cooked to form a hard rock like piece of cocaine. Drug dealers found that cooking cocaine in this manner lowered the cost, and made it affordable to a wider group. Crack cocaine quickly grew in popularity. The cheap cost and quick high made it attractive to many drug users.
Attention Material: Cocaine is mostly known as an illegal drug, but very few truly acknowledge it for its medical purposes and fully understand its history in the country. Cocaine is a tropane ester alkaloid ,which is extracted from the leaves of the coca (Erythroxylon coca) plant (Clayton, 1996). Cocaine is considered the most powerful and most dangerous drug of natural origin. Cocaine is illegal in the United States and is classified under the Schedule II medication which is contained in the Controlled Substance Act of the United States Constitution.
...imply as a stimulant. Therefore, although cocaine is a stronger stimulant than regular coca, native Andean people prefer to use coca because of its cultural associations, history of use before European interactions and its various other medicinal purposes. In addition, native Andeans are more likely to use coca than cocaine because it is grown close to home and requires less processing. Although European influence existed in the development of cocaine, the people of Latin America were able to maintain the identity of the coca leaf in face of this external influence.
Cocaine (C17H21NO4) comes from the leaf of an Erythroxylon coca bush. It is a drug that effects the central nervous system. It causes feelings of euphoria, pleasure, increased energy and alertness. People under the influence of cocaine often do not feel the need for food or sleep. They also feel energetic and may talk a lot. However, depending on factors such as environment, dosage, and the manner in which the drug is taken, cocaine can have adverse effects such as violent, erratic behavior, dizziness, paranoia, insomnia, convulsions, and heart failure to name a few. Long- term effects of cocaine include, but are not limited to strokes, heart attacks, seizures, loss of memory, and decrease in learning capability (1).
What is crack? According to Webster’s dictionary it is “a potent form of cocaine that is obtained by treating the hydrochloride of cocaine with sodium bicarbonate to create small chips used illicitly usually for smoking”. According to Wikipedia, the definition of Crack crack cocaine is the freebase form of cocaine that can be smoked or shot up. It may also be termed rock, work, hard, iron, cavvy, base, or just crack; . “Iit is said to be the most addictive form of cocaine, although this has been contested” (Wikipedia.com). Crack rocks smoked offer a short, but intense high and appeared primarily in impoverished inner city neighborhoods, and started making a showing in the mid-80s” during the mid-1980s .
Spanish explorers first observe South American natives chewing the cocoa leaf, from which cocaine is derived, when they arrived on the continent in 16th century. The South Americans chewed these cocoa leaves in order to stay awake for longer periods of time. Centuries after this initial discovery, Albert Neiman isolated cocaine from the cocoa leaf in 1860. Neiman used this extraction as an anesthetic. Over the ensuing years, cocaine use became increasingly common and was even sanctioned by doctors, who prescribed the drug to aid recovering alcoholics. Cocaine was even a key ingredient in such popular beverages as Coca- Cola. It was not until the long-term health problems associated with cocaine use emerged that the public realized that the drug was harmful
A study done by Puig and colleagues (2012) compared the effects of intermittent (once daily) and binge (three times a day) cocaine treatment for 1 and 14 days after the last cocaine injection on spontaneous locomotor activity and dopamine levels in the NAc in rats. The intermittent treatment led to a spontaneous increase in dopamine and in locomotor activity at the exact hour which rats were habituated to receive a cocaine injection (Puig, Noble & Benturquia, 2012). The binge treatment led to sensitization of locomotor effects of cocaine, associated to a dopamine release sensitization in the NAc (Puig, Noble & Benturquia, 2012). These results show the addictive nature of cocaine and the behavioural and sensitization effects it has on the animal, which can be related to the effects it can possibly have on humans (Puig, Noble & Benturquia,
Many people avoid the use of crack because of the harmful chemicals used in creating the drug. One of the reasons why crack became popular is because of not needing to inject the drug hence less risks of being infected by the AIDS virus. Carroll (2000) states cocaine is the most powerful stimulant of natural origin. Most users snort or inject the drug to enable a quicker “high.” Cocaine use brings on many health problems.
Cocaine use makes the fight center in the limbic center hyper-activated, as well as the emotional triggers are over stimulated, which makes sense as to why Jordan slaps his wife and then tries to kidnap his own child after snorting cocaine. All of this rage and emotion were running through him and it made him explode. They also state that cocaine raises the heart rate and constricts blood vessels, Jordan’s physical state showed signs of heart rate acceleration and then he would do another line of cocaine. Throughout the movie, cocaine was used which meant that Jordan was a compulsive cocaine user. Inaba, Cohen and Pharm (2014) state that besides hereditary and environmental vulnerability, like Jordan’s case of stress with the FBI investigating him, people use cocaine compulsively to recapture that first rush they had, cocaine changes the way the brain works and, therefore, makes it more vulnerable to cravings, and to control the symptoms of depression. I think this movie shows every stage of cocaine use. From when he had stress, so he had to find a way to cope, to feeling the symptoms, to leading to other drugs, to getting in trouble with the law, to finally trying to sober up. What is great about this movie is that it shows something that can happen to someone and as well was based on something that actually happened
2. Cocaine is derived from the leaves of the cocoa plant and is then further processed to produce the common street drug.