Has Japan really benefitted economically as a result of the World
Cup 2002?
Introduction
============
From the 31st of May until June 30th, Japan & Korea hosted the World
Cup in which 32 teams competed to be crowned football champions of the
world. Many thousands of people watched the matches live and hundreds
of millions worldwide watched on T.V. The World Cup has been the most
popular sporting event ever since the 1930s when Uruguay hosted and
won the first ever World Cup. Since then the World Cup has been hosted
every four year in different countries apart from during World War 2
and there have been 17 World Cups. Since the 30s football has became
the world's most popular sport and with the introduction of commercial
air flight, motorcars and the global T.V network it has become an
important source of revenue. In 1994 the World Cup was hosted in the
USA and a record 3,587,530 people watched it live. Since the 1986
World Cup held in Mexico the total attendance had begun to rise to
over 2 million live viewers a World Cup. This would result in host
countries gaining massive revenue from ticket sales and money received
from the T.V companies broadcasting the match. The rights for
broadcasting the 2002 World Cup were bought for £622 million by
Kirchmedia showing just how valuable World Cup football is. Also a
study by HSBC securities in 1998 showed that countries which hosted
the World Cup after 1966 saw their respective stock markets do better
on average by 9%, 6 months prior to the tournament. However the study
also showed that 6 months after the tournament most markets under
performed by an average of 6%.
In 1998 Japan was chosen to joint host the World Cup with South Korea
and began a vigorous development project to upgrade and build good
quality stadiums, improve public transport, build more hotels and
create an excellent security force for the games. Stadiums such as the
Shizuoka stadium, Sapporo dome, the Oita stadium and Niigata stadium
were built just for the games and are considered some of the most
modern stadiums in the world. Japan's aim from the 2002 World Cup was
to attract many tourists, have a smoothly run games, encourage
Japanese citizens into football and to improve its international
reputation as an excellent place to host international sports events.
From joint hosting the World Cup Japan achieved many economic benefits
and in this essay I will explain how and why this improved Japan's
economy. The Japanese economy improved because of the following
effects of the World Cup during and before the event.
Economic Concepts
=================
Economic growth is caused by improvements in the quantity and quality
Showed how Japan easily accepts and institutes foreign markets and ideas without hesitation or humiliation. They adapt so well to the outside world.
The phenomenon was mainly caused by a dramatic investment increase or excessive social and psychological expected at the pre-Olympic stage. Normally, it will lead to a waste of infrastructure, facilities idle, the Olympic host city real estate prices fell, and the stock market fell, in part or in overall economic growth slow down after the Olympic Games. According Josh Sanbum’s report “For years, studies have shown that holding the Olympics often has severe negative economic effects on host cities, despite the temporary burst of tourism and global attention. The competition between cities often causes governments to go financially overboard merely to win an Olympic bid. Once construction gets under way, governments often fail to budget properly. And after the Games are over, many cities are left with infrastructure that suddenly has no real use.” (2012).That shows the Olympic Games often has serious negative economic effects on host
Due to the rising tension in between the United States and Japan in 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite pact with Germany and Italy to become allies. The pack provided a mutual assistance in case of any attack by a nation not involved in the war. This pack was aimed at the United States, forcing them to think before making Allies during World War II. This pack was also an understanding between the three nations on establishment of new order in Europe by Germany and Italy and in the East Asia by Japan. While the United States did not want to get involved with the war due to the political and public opinion, in 1941 the Lend-Lease Act was established. This program provided military aid to allies participating in World War II that did not have
Soccer was globalized when the FIFA World Cup was established in 1928. Being the single most watched sporting event in the world, the World Cup is a way to bring the world together in a delightful way. According to FIFA’s website, “It fulfills FIFA’s objectives to touch the world, develop the game, and build a better future through a variety of ways.” They also mention, “As of mid-2007, FIFA has grown to include 208 member associations, thus making it one of the biggest and certainly the most popular sports federation in the world” (“FIFA World Cup”). The World Cup has been held every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when WWII stopped it from being held (“FIFA World Cup”). Countries compete against each other in these tournaments in a process of elimination until one country comes out on top and is titled champion.
Hosting the Olympics comes with many perks for such as, prestige, the creation of new facilities and countless amounts of benefits. With so many things the Olympics has to offer, there can be numerous reasons why countries compete to be elected as the hosting country for the Olympics. The most common reason countries want to host the Olympic is because of its potential ability to improve the country’s economy significantly. With the entire world participating in the Olympics, the hosting country can market...
From 2001 2002 there was a 23% increase in the construction of sports stadiums and arenas with costs of those facilities upwards of $7.8 billion. The growing global sport industry requires that sport facility and event management keep current of new and proven management techniques. Sport Facility Management: Organizing Events and Mitigating Risks by Ammon, Jr., Southall, and Blair, provides readers with a basic introduction to elements of facility management for the full range of sporting and entertainment events. There is a high demand for individuals who are educated and trained in facility management, event organization, and risk management and since the September 11 attacks there has been a great emphasis placed on facility and risk management. Each chapter provides theoretical foundations and practical applications for each critical phase of facility management. The authors provided photographs, case studies, and industry examples to assist the reader in gaining an overall basic, picture of the sporting event and entertainment industry today. The book provides in-depth discussions about positive advances that have made the entire experience easier and more comfortable for fans; and about the negative economic and cultural consequences for sport events after September 11 2001.
Starting with the Los Angeles Olympics of 1984, the United States creatively combined the Olympic games with commerce, and the concept of regarding the economic impact of hosting the Olympic games was first introduced. It was a valuable chance for the host city to take the advantage of international influence and business opportunities generated from the Olympics, improving the international standing and prestige and boost the local and national economic development. With the aim of presenting a democratic, open, civilized, friendly, and harmonious China to the world, the Chinese government invested nearly $40 billon infrastructure construction from 2002 to 2006, which made Beijing
Since it began in 1930, the FIFA World Cup has been the largest single event sports competition in the world. Every four years FIFA, the Fédération International de Football Association, calls upon thirty-two of the world’s greatest soccer teams to compete in the stadiums of the host country. In addition to having one of the top competing teams, Brazil will also be hosting the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The 31 day tournament begins in Sao Paulo on June 12th and ends with the championship match in Rio de Janeiro on July 13th. In recent months Brazil has been busy preparing to host the tournament in twelve brand new stadiums around the nation. The World Cup will cost Brazil an estimated fourteen billion dollars, an amount that continues to increase as plans for the tournament become more elaborate. The amount of money the country will be spending on the tournament angers many of the nation’s citizens. Protests have become a daily occurrence in Brazil as citizens rally against the construction of stadiums and the arrangement of the expensive tournament. It has been argued that hosting the World Cup will benefit Brazil’s businesses and economy; however, the upper class will profit from the publicity of the games, not the thirty-five percent of the population living under the poverty level. The 2014 FIFA World Cup should not take place in Brazil due to the need for improvements in law enforcement, education, and the threat of extreme poverty.
In every major sports event, like the FIFA World Cup or the Olympics, there’s always a huge celebration and a positive vibes surrounding such events. Hosting these events are usually a great honor to the selected countries and bring a lot of favorable consequences with it. However, no one realized that whenever these big sporting events occur and are hosted, brings as much negative consequences which counterbalances all the good things that comes with it. So, the question remains, is the Olympics a Cash Cow or a Money Pit to the hosting countries? In my opinion, the Olympics could actually bring more benefit that loss to the selected countries to host it, which are to bring positive economic and cultural benefits, either a Legacy or a Money pit for the hosting countries, hosting this event could promote development for the educational legacy and finally eradicating poverty throughout the citizens.
Every two years the Olympic Games take place on the world’s stage. People are mesmerized as they cheer on their home team. Whether it be the summer or winter games, for two weeks, biannually, people are inundated with the games. But, many may fail to realize the competition and game behind the Games. This is the never ceasing game of the bidding process and subsequent creation and construction of new Olympic venues as newly selected host cities prepare for their opportunity to host the Olympics. But this little known game has only a few select winners, and their prize is not a medal, rather it is huge financial gains. The losers are many, and they are the most vulnerable inhabitants of the city, the poor; they are not simply losing out on a medal, they are losing their homes.
One may disagree that hosting Olympics is not worthwhile as it requires a city or a country to bring out an enormous sum of money for the preparation and planning of hosting the Olympics. Zimbalist (2012, pp. 116) says that the summer Games roughly generates a total of $5-$6 billion and almost half of it belongs to the International Olympic Committee. On the other hand, the cost of the games has increased roughly
The FIFA World Cup is a global spectacle that captures the attention of millions of people every four years. More than 200 nations are members of FIFA and they compete for the honor of being worthy to play for the Cup. There is no second place, and there are no consolation prizes. It is the ultimate dream of all football players to hold the golden cup as a champion of the world. As the largest sporting event in the world, the World Cup embodies the best attributes that lead people to love the sports they watch and play. Sports stimulate national economies, lead people to experience other cultures through international competitions, and promote world peace by bringing nations together in friendly competition. Even though some people disagree with these points by assuming sports are a waste of money, put athletes at risk due to injuries and while playing in other nations, and causing disagreement between countries. Evidence will be provided to show that sports have a positive impact on society.
Sport unites nations. Sport unites nations and creates peace between countries since each country wants to invite the other countries to the world cup. This creates friendships between nations. Countries try to be friendly to other countries to create a better and more enjoyable sporting events. Nations bond and help each other due to sport especially the World Cup which is a way for countries to show off their support for the teams and the unification of people.
According to The Fédération Internationale de Football Association A.K.A FIFA, the World Cup in 2010 hosted in South Africa had in-home television coverage of the competition reached above 3.2 billion! That is 46.4 percent of the global population; This was an eight percent increase on the number of viewers recorded during the 2006 FIFA World Cup hosted in Germany (FIFA). The only sports events that can compete are the super bowl, which on average has about 100 million viewers, or the Olympics with a total of 4.2 billion views this does surpass the number of viewers in the world cup, however, this is counting all of the 42 events all at once. In comparison the world cup, which is host only one sport, which is soccer/football, gets 3.2 billion compared to the Olympics which has 42 times the number of events that the world cup has, INCLDUING SOCCER. Press, Associated. "FIFA: At Least 1 Billion Saw Cup final." ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, 11 July 2011. Web. 05 May 2014