When the blood glucose is higher than the normal levels, this is known as diabetes disease. The body turns the food we eat into glucose or sugar and use it for energy. The insulin is a hormone created by the pancreas to help the glucose get into the cells. The sugar builds up in the blood because either the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t well use its own insulin (CDC, 2015). In the United States diabetes is known as the seventh leading cause of death. There are different types of diabetes. However, there are two main types of diabetes and these are; Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2 (CDC, 2015). Diabetes type 1 occur when the immune system destroys the beta cells, they are responsible to create insulin and are located …show more content…
The care plan is composed of the right food, exercise and medication (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). The person needs to know what type of foods affects their blood sugar levels and most of the time the patient is sent to a nutritionist to follow a diabetic diet. The patient needs to keep track of a food log to discuss later with the doctor or nurse on the next appointment (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). An exercise regimen also helps to keep the sugar levels balanced. It is important to keep an exercise schedule that will help the person to keep an exercise routine in accord with the medications and meals. It is very important to stay dehydrated and to keep track of the blood sugar levels (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). The medications are to lower the blood sugar levels. It is very important to store the insulin properly, check the expiration date and double check the dose before administration. The person will need to report to the doctor if the blood sugar gets too low or still high, because the doctor might need to adjust the dosage or timing. Also, it is important for the doctor to know if the person is taking medications for other conditions, because that will help the doctor to prescribe the correct medication for the person (Mayo Clinic Staff,
Diabetes is a disease that causes an abnormally high level of sugar, or glucose, to build up in the blood. Glucose comes from food we consume and also from our liver and muscles. Blood delivers glucose to all the cells in the body. In people without diabetes, the pancreas makes a chemical called insulin which is released into the blood stream. Insulin helps the glucose from the food get into cells. When the pancreas doesn’t make insulin, it can’t get into the cells and the insulin stays in the blood stream. The blood glucose level gets very high, causing the person to have type one diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes develops when the beta-cells are killed off by the immune system. This is because an inflammation is caused which the immune system fights off, ultimately destroying all/majority of beta cells. The role of the beta cells is to produce insulin within the pancreas. The beta cells are signalled when to release insulin’s to certain parts of the body. A person with type 1 diabetes is likely to have lost 70-80%1 of their beta-cells mass which is why they must manually inject insulin into themselves to maintain a healthy blood glucose level. When the blood glucose level falls (hypoglycaemia) you begin to lose energy.
Diabetes education is a structured education and self-management (at diagnosis and regularly reviewed and reinforced) to promote awareness. Diet and lifestyle, healthy diet, weight loss if the person is overweight, smoking cessation, regular physical exercise. Maximizing glucose control while minimizing adverse effects of treatment such as hypoglycemia. Reduction of other risk factors for complications of diabetes, including the early detection and management of hypertension, drug treatment to modify lipid levels and consideration of antiplatelet therapy with aspirin. Early intervention for complications of diabetes,, including cardiovascular disease, feet problems, eye problems, kidney problems and neuropathy.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is also referred to as insulin-dependent as the secretion of the hormone insulin by the pancreas is reduced to minor levels due to the destruction of the pancreatic beta cells by immune system of the body. Therefore, Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune condition due to the fact that the body is harming the pancreas with antibodies so beta cells cannot make any insulin for bloodstream to take in glucose. The fact that the cells in the body cannot take in glucose means that it builds up in the blood and hyperglycaemia occurs. This abnormally high level of blood glucose is able to harm the nervous system, tiny blood vessels in the kidneys, heart and the eyes. Type 1 Diabetes is fatal when left untreated as it then causes heart disease, kidney disease, damage to the nerves, stroke and
The nurse must make sure the patient understands what the signs and symptoms are for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. They must be advised when to seek medical help or to call the doctor if they blood sugar levels either get too high or too low. They must also know to avoid any sugary drinks, and substitute sugar or sweetener, while also at the same time monitoring their salt intake.
Although the flow chart is straight forward and easy to follow, nurses often use nursing wisdom, which is based on their knowledge and experience (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2012). For example, rather than giving orange juice or one tube of glucose gel and rechecking a patient’s blood glucose in 15 minutes, nurses may wait for a breakfast tray to arrive and recheck a patient’s blood glucose after breakfast. Possible risks include a patient not eating his or her breakfast and their blood sugar continuing to drop. Possible benefits are a patient eats his or her breakfast and his or her blood sugar returns to normal. However, there are applications in the computer where a diabetic educator is able to view when a patient had a low blood sugar and it was not rechecked in a timely manner to ensure that the blood glucose returned to normal. Managers are often being talked to by diabetic educators, because nursing staff at times decide to use their own judgment when treating low blood sugars rather than following the hospital protocol and then nurses are forced to explain their decisions. Thus, the importance of documenting and ensuring a patient’s blood glucose has returned to normal, even though the flow chart was not implemented is often emphasized.
Diabetes is a disease in which a person’s body in unable to make or utilize insulin properly which affects blood sugar levels. Insulin is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas, which helps to regulate glucose (sugar) levels, break down carbohydrates and fats, and is essential to produce the body’s energy. The CDC (2013) offers reliable insight, summarized here, into the different types of diabetes, some causes, and health complications that may arise from the disease.
Diabetes is a disease that can occur when there is an abnormally high level of blood glucose. Diabetes results when the body cannot maintain the blood sugar level in homeostatic balance. Blood glucose is increased, but the lack of insulin basically means that the sugar levels are not able to return to normal. If homeostasis is not restored, the high levels of blood sugar can damage blood
The research will be used to update medical-surgical nurses on techniques and protocol for effective patient education in the management of type 2 diabetes. The impact on healthcare, in general, from this information increases the responsibility of the nurses for effective patient education and follow-ups. The greater in-depth patients are educated on the disease process, as well as, the combination of healthcare collaborations and patient self-management, the results can potentially decrease the amount of patients hospitalized each year due to elevated glucose level complications.(Nelson-Slemmer, 2014; Murtha, 2015) The financial burdens, both institutionally and patients individually, can be reduced by prevention education. Early interventions of the progression of Type 2 Diabetes, will also impact the financial affliction of long-term complications and comorbidities that can occur. (Murtha, 2015) Interprofessional education is beneficial and can provide the specialized education needed to successfully educate patients on managing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Additional collaborations are helpful in providing, across the board, care management to the patients. Patients who keep a diabetes care journal, track and monitor glucose levels, document nutritional intake and medication regimen have higher success rate in managing their diabetes outcomes. (Nelson-Slemmer, 2014) Providing this information to all healthcare practitioners allows individualization and accurate adjustments for their plan of treatment. The changes being made can reduce patients’ anxiety and depression about the diagnosis due to lack of knowledge and understanding. Providing the information and resources available to help patient understand and cope with the diagnosis is important. The patient needs to be
1. Type 1 diabetes is a result from the body’s failure to produce insulin, which requires the individual to inject insulin in other ways (RCT).
Type 1 diabetes has a genetic onset that often occurs in adolescence (Porth, 2005). It is an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing beta cells within the liver are destroyed (Dorman, 1993). This causes a deficiency in insulin secretion, which ultimately leads to high blood glucose levels, also referred to as hyperglycemia (Guthrie & Guthrie, 2004). The mechanism for insulin deficiency leading to hyperglycemia is described in more detail in the following section and in Figure 1.
Diabetes is a chronic disorder of metabolism characterized by a partial or complete deficiency of the hormone insulin. With this, there are metabolic adjustments that occur everywhere in the body. Specific to this child is Type One Diabetes. This is characterized by demolition of the pancreatic beta cells, which produce insulin. Because of this, it leads to complete insulin deficiency. Within Type One diabetes, there are two different forms. First there is immune-mediated deficiency, which typically results from an autoimmune destruction of the beta cells. The second type is called idiopathic type one, in which the cause is unknown. (Wong, Hockenberry, Wilson, 2015)
When the blood sugar levels aren’t normal, it’s a disease called diabetes. Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is a deficiency of the hormone insulin or the inhibition of its action with the cells. The insulin acts like a bridge between the glucose and the cells. In the US there are about 16 million people who suffer from diabetes. It is the seventh most common cause of all deaths. Diabetes is most common in Native American females over 45 years of age.
Diabetes is a common disease, which can be a serious, life-long illness caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. This condition is when the body cannot produce insulin or lack of insulin production from the beta cells in the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas. Diabetes can cause other health problems over time. Eye, kidneys, and nerves can get damaged and chances of stroke are always high. Because of the serious complications, the purposes of teaching a plan for diabetes patients are to optimize blood glucose control, optimize quality of life, and prevent chronic and potentially life-threatening complications.
Health care has always been an interesting topic all over the world. Voltaire once said, “The art of medicine consists of amusing the patient while nature cures the disease.” It may seem like health care that nothing gets accomplished in different health care systems, but ultimately many trying to cures diseases and improve health care systems.