Strangulation, or the state of being strangled someone, is excessive constriction or compression of a bodily tube, such as a blood vessel or an intestinal loop, that interrupts its ability to act as a passage. It is often used when referring to the neck of a human and can result in the closure of blood vessels and/or air passages. Eighty percent of strangles are manual, meaning that a body part is used, while fifteen percent are ligature strangles, which means that an object was used where the body is not suspended.
There are four important factors to consider in strangulation. The exact anatomical location, the quantity of force, the duration of force, and the surface area of the force. The surface area of the force is important because the
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Closing off the jugular veins increasing intracranial and venous pressure. It can lead to lower amounts on air intake and asphyxia. Blocking the carotid arteries depriving the brain of oxygen is another way. Both of these methods can cause a feeling as if your head is going to explode. This is caused by something called a brain attack, which while similar to a heart attack, is different in that the blood builds up against the block causing an increase in pressure in the blood vessels. It can take only 15 seconds for a human to not be able to return naturally from carotid obstruction. Another way in which strangulation can result in immediate medical attention being necessary is pressure on the cardiac sinus. It can cause a slower heart rate or a heart attack. The fourth and final way is the most commonly know one where the airflow is cut off by pressure on the larynx producing asphyxia. It takes four to five minutes of eleven pounds of pressure on the front on the neck to kill a person, though thirty three pounds are needed to close off the trachea completely.Strangulation may have delayed affects such as aspiration, pneumonia, ARDS, and carotid artery dissection. Carotid artery dissection is when an artery tears making it possible for blood to enter the arterial wall. The walls continue splitting possibly leading to a fatal …show more content…
When looking for the cause of strangulation check for bruises on the shoulders to see if it was a carotid restraint, the neck for a one handed C-clamp, and the neck, chest, jaw, and area behind ears for a two handed hold. It may also cause a change in voice, difficulty swallowing or breathing, ear pain, tongue swelling, vision change, the vomiting of blood, bloodshot eyes, or light headedness. It may also cause a miscarriage in pregnant victims. It often injuries the esophagus, the larynx, the trachea, the cervical spine, nerves, or soft neck tissues. Longer term affects may include PTSD, depression, memory problems, nightmares, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, sever stress reaction, amnesia, psychosis, facial or eyelid droop, left or right side weakness, loss of sensation, or
Commotio cordis occurs after a blunt, non-penetrating blow to the precordial area of the chest wall that results in the induction of an often fatal ventricular fibrillation in a heart that does not have a preexisting structural or electrophysiological cardiovascular disease (Yabek, 2011). The blow is often perceived to be irrelevant, yet can cause a debilitating injury or even death. Death may be sudden or after a brief period of lucidity with purposeful movement prior to collapse (Yabek, 2011). The emphasis of commotio cordis in this paper will be on it occurring in sports, as it is most commonly happens there. It has also been known to occur when impact of the chest occurs, such as a steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident, playful boxing, bodily contacts, parental discipline, and even a closed fist punch to the chest (Maron, Goham, Kyle, Estes III, & Link, 2002).
Prior to the discovery, surgeons would tie, strap, or hold down their patients to keep them from running off during surgery. Many times, the surgeon would give alcohol or narcotics to patients in order for the patient to better face the indescribable pain.
This paper will identify and discuss what an incapacitating agent is. It will identify a few moments
This is a less physical approach for an officer to control a situation. This is when the officer physically grabs the subject when they verbally resists or becomes abusive. This type of technique is used to prevent any further escalation in the situation. The officer will come into direct contact with the subject and will increase the probability that the subject will resist the officer. However, this type of force will most likely result in further escalation of resistance. Also during this phase, the officer will try to deescalate the situation by verbally controlling the subject with phrases such as “Stop” or “Don’t move”. Verbalization is key to try to calm the subject down, but if all fails the officer can use light force to subdue the subject.
Symonds, J., & Huckshorn, K. A. (2004). SECLUSION & RESTRAINT Q&A/Response. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services , 42 (12), 8.
Strikes may include "Attention Grabbing" in which the shoulders or clothes of a detainee are grabbed and can be shaken. Grabbing is more benign than the "Attention Slap" or the "Belly Slap." These strikes are meant to intimidate and inflict pain with out a noticeable trace...
Continue by giving two slow breaths, one to one and a half seconds per breath. Watch for the chest to rise, and allow for exhalation between breaths. Check for a pulse. The carotid artery, on the side of the neck, is the easiest and most accessible. If breathing remains absent, but a pulse is present, provide rescue breathing, rescue breathing is one breath every three seconds.
back of the head with a flashlight and then wrapped the cord around her neck, strangling
There are many types of restraints used as treatment for the mentally ill, some of the physical restraints used include; face-down restraints, where the patient is pinned down on the floor with their face down and arms behind their backs; posey’s, where there is a cloth vest placed around their chest and belts, which goes across the person and keeps them pinned to a bed or chair. There is also the use of chemical restraints as treatment; this is when medicine is used in order to restrain the person, the medicine would be specific to the mental disorder the individual suffers
As mentioned previously, my research background will enable me to find the most reliable resources critically. Furthermore, understanding what to do in a situation where the practice of restraint or alternative intervention is required will enable me to make the most accurate decision if I encounter a situation involving patients exhibiting specific behaviours in my future working environment. By the end of this assignment, I will be able to demonstrate my competence in determining the appropriate practice of restraints and alternative interventions by listing two examples of situations that require the practice of restraint and two examples of situations where alternative intervention is
In October of 1998, the Courant’s survey of the 50 states identified that 142 individuals died in physical restraints or seclusion. Another study was done in four Turkish hospitals from July to September of 2005. The study’s findings were, “Nurses used either wrist, ankle, or whole body restraints at various levels. Those nurses who worked in surgical intensive care units and emergency departments and had in-service training used more physical restraint than did others. Only a third of nurses decided on physical restraint together with physicians and three-fourths tried alternative methods. Nurses reported edema and cyanosis on the wrist and arm regions, pressure ulcers on various regions, and aspiration and breathing difficulties in relation to physical restraint.
Some may even see it as the patient being treated like a prisoner. Restraints are currently only used as a last resort. If the patient is at a tremendous risk of harming themselves, restraints may be the only thing appropriate. When I think of physical restraints, the first thing that comes to mind is protecting a patient from falls. The use of restraints is for so much more than that.
Restraints are defined as, “a measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control or within limits” (Google 1). How would someone feel if he or she were restrained from natural movement or thinking? In the medical field, restraints are meant to be used to prevent harm of the patient and others with a doctor's order, yet this is not always the case. Restraints in today's time hold a negative connotation although are necessary for patient safety.
The effects include paralysis of a limb or one side of the body and disturbances of speech and vision. The nature and extent of damage depends on the size and location of the affected blood vessels. The main causes are cerebral infarction (approx. 85%) and spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage (15%) (Waugh & Grant, 2010).
A tension pneumothorax can be caused by a blunt or penetrating trauma, in the case study provided it would be a blunt trauma. The trauma to the chest area causes damage to the plural cavity; either the visceral (lines either lung) or parietal plura (lines the thoracic wall), or can be caused by trauma to the traceobronchial tree (Daley, 2014). The trauma to the chest area causes the formation of a one-way-valve, this allows for the air to flow into the plural space on inhalation, but on exhalation cannot be expelled (Curtis, Ramsden, & Lord, 2011). As the trapped air in the lungs build up within the affected side it can cause serious complications.