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The environment industrial workers faced during the years 1875 to 1900, was extremely harsh. While the United States just finished a war, it was also trying to compete against other countries in the industrial world. Workers were not even given the option for retirement pensions, benefits, or vacation time. They endured excessive hour shifts, trifle amounts of pay, and dangerous conditions while working in the factories. Labor movements could not handle this anymore; therefore, they took action. The main points they argued for were safer atmospheres, honest pay, and easier working shifts. The predicament of industrial workers was horrendous during these years. Not only did they work sixteen to twenty hours at a time, but the pay just …show more content…
Seasonal working was absolutely terrible. In the summer months, they would be in hot, sticky work areas. On the contrary, the winter was equally as bad. Heating in the workshops was not available, so the people wore as much clothes as they could manage. Otherwise, all year, disease control was a major problem. Because of overcrowding, it was very easy for illness to spread. The sanitation level was at an all-time low. These problems lead to workers becoming sick, injured, and in some cases, passing away. One of the first important labor unions was the Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor formed in 1869. More commonly known as Knights of the Labor, this union became one of the biggest with over seven-hundred and fifty thousand members from the 1870s to 1885. The members were very active. They collaborated petitions, held strikes for days, and in severe scenarios, performed riots. These actions were all against business owners, and the dangers they put their workers through. They believed in better things; consequently, they stood up for it. The most famous riot in 1886, was the Haymarket Riot. This was a very hazardous riot, and many people did not agree. The popularity of the union declined very rapidly after
Factory workers worked twelve to fifteen hours a day in hazardous condition. There were no protective rules for women and children and no insurances for job-related accidents or industrial illness. The workers were obliged to trade at company store
Companies and factories were expanding and women and children were able to join the workforce. The Knights of Labor, led by Powderly, attracted both skilled and unskilled workers. They participated in many of the major events due to the Knights of Labor such as the Haymarket Riot and the great railroad strike. Another big labor union was the American Federation of Labor (AFof L), led by Samuel Gompers. While the Knights of Labor allowed skilled and unskilled workers, the American Federation of Labor only allowed skilled workers. Gompers argued and demanded for “a reduction of the hours of labor” and for better wages (Doc 6). Many laborers joined these labor unions to fight against the big
In the late nineteenth century, many European immigrants traveled to the United States in search of a better life and good fortune. The unskilled industries of the Eastern United States eagerly employed these men who were willing to work long hours for low wages just to earn their food and board. Among the most heavily recruiting industries were the railroads and the steel mills of Western Pennsylvania. Particularly in the steel mills, the working conditions for these immigrants were very dangerous. Many men lost their lives to these giant steel-making machines. The immigrants suffered the most and also worked the most hours for the least amount of money. Living conditions were also poor, and often these immigrants would barely have enough money and time to do anything but work, eat, and sleep. There was also a continuous struggle between the workers and the owners of the mills, the capitalists. The capitalists were a very small, elite group of rich men who held most of the wealth in their industries. Strikes broke out often, some ending in violence and death. Many workers had no political freedom or even a voice in the company that employed them. However, through all of these hardships, the immigrants continued their struggle for a better life.
The Knights of Labor was a secret union formed in 1869 by Uriah P. Stevens and James L. Wright, this was the largest labor organization in the 19th century, hitting 700,000 members at its highest point. They promoted the social and cultural rise of the working man, rejected socialism and radicalism, demanded the eight-hour day, and promoted the idea of republicanism. (Manser). The American Federation of Labor founded in 1886 by Peter J. McGuire and Samuel Gompers. (Difference Between Knights of Labor and AFL). They had
The organized labor movement from 1875 to 1900 is to blame for the problems unions face today as early labor unions crucified themselves politically, alienated themselves socially and failed to increase the socio-economic position of the worker, and in many cases only succeeded in worsening such positions. The political crucifixion of the early blue-collar industrial worker was directly caused by organized labor. Before such ‘organization, existed, workers flew under the political radar in the best of ways. They were allowed to live peaceful lives and given the unalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. In fact, the commodore Andrew Carnegie had achieved the American dream in his rags to riches advancement and he offered the same opportunity to each of his workers.
Life in the early 1900’s wasn’t easy. Competition for jobs was at an all time high, especially in New York City. Immigrants were flooding in and needed to find work fast, even if that meant in the hot, overcrowded conditions of garment factories. Conditions were horrid and disaster was inevitable, and disaster did strike in March, 1911. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York set on fire, killing 146 workers. This is an important event in US history because it helped accomplish the tasks unions and strikes had tried to accomplish years earlier, It improved working conditions in factories nationwide and set new safety laws and regulations so that nothing as catastrophic would happen again. The workplace struggles became public after this fire, and the work industry would never remain the same again.
The period in American history between 1900 and 1920 was a very turbulent one. Civil unrest was brewing as a result of many pressures placed upon the working class. Although wealth was accumulating at an astonishing rate in America, most people at the lower economic levels were not benefiting from any of it. Worst of all for them, the federal government seemed to be on the side of the corporations. Their helpless situation and limited options is why the coal strike of 1902 is so important.
The early 1900s was a time of many movements, from the cities to the rural farms; people were uniting for various causes. One of the most widespread was the labor movement, which affected people far and wide. Conditions in the nation’s workplaces were notoriously poor, but New York City fostered the worst. Factories had started out in the city’s tenements, which were extremely cramped, poorly ventilated, and thoroughly unsanitary. With the advent of skyscrapers, factories were moved out of the tenements and into slightly larger buildings, which still had terrible conditions. Workers were forced to work long hours (around 12 hours long) six hours a day, often for extremely low pay. The pay was also extremely lower for women, who made up a large portion of the shirtwaist industry. If a worker were to openly contest an employer’s rule, they would be promptly fired and replaced immediately. Also, strength in numbers did not always work. Managers often hired brutal strikebreakers to shut movements down. The local police and justice were often of no help to the workers, even when women were being beaten. At the time, the workers needs were not taken seriously and profit was placed ahead of human life. This was not just a struggle for workers’ rights; it was also a movement for the working class’ freedom.
The craft workers were successful in organizing because unlike the unskilled workers they could not be replaced easily. This union bargained for thing such as 8 hour work days, higher wages did not deal with social reforms. Women’s wages were not considered because the AFL dealt
In the mid-1880s, groups across the country went on strike in an effort to persuade employers to shift to eight hour workdays. On May 4, 1886, thousands of people gathered in Chicago to meet in a peaceful protest regarding an event that occurred the previous day in which some strikers were killed by police. The group met at a place known as the Haymarket Square. The event turned violent. Police fired into the crowd and someone set off a bomb. However, it is unclear as to which incident occurred first. What is known is that several people were killed and hundreds were injured.
Beginning in the late 1700’s and growing rapidly even today, labor unions form the backbone for the American workforce and continue to fight for the common interests of workers around the country. As we look at the history of these unions, we see powerful individuals such as Terrence Powderly, Samuel Gompers, and Eugene Debs rise up as leaders in a newfound movement that protected the rights of the common worker and ensured better wages, more reasonable hours, and safer working conditions for those people (History). The rise of these labor unions also warranted new legislation that would protect against child labor in factories and give health benefits to workers who were either retired or injured, but everyone was not on board with the idea of foundations working to protect the interests of the common worker. Conflict with their industries lead to many strikes across the country in the coal, steel, and railroad industries, and several of these would ultimately end up leading to bloodshed. However, the existence of labor unions in the United States and their influence on their respective industries still resonates today, and many of our modern ideals that we have today carry over from what these labor unions fought for during through the Industrial Revolution.
Organized labor, during the period from 1875-1900, had drastic effects on the lives of factory workers. Labor unions not only sought to improve working conditions; they wanted to have a large impact on society as a whole as well. These unions also altered feelings toward organized labor.
They spent all day bent over and often the workers would come home with blisters and scars on their hands from picking the leaving off o the stock. Most people from foreign countries temporaioly. Iiving conditions were cramped and dirty. In source #1 its said that most of the workers were unhappy and wanted to return to their homeland after the contract they had signed was over. The schedule that was in source #2 lists that the foreigners would wake up to the morning call at 5:00 AM and would fall asleep at 8:00PM. They worked six days a week and were alerted with one siren to another. When the laborers were allowed to discontinue working, they would only be able to stop at 4:00
Work was not a common subject found in the urban cities. Those who were working, were left weak and penniless. To find a job, you had to be willing to put up with these awful conditions. If you were to show weakness, you would be fired and someone would be willing to take your spot the moment you were to quit or be fired.
The beginnings of labor unions travel as far back as the colonial era when craft workers like carpenters and cobblers formed guilds, precursors to modern day labor unions (American Federationist, Miller). But it was not until the 1800’s with the advent of the Industrial Revolution and its lamentable working conditions that unions began to increase in membership and popularity (Miller).