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Reforms of Napoleon in the French Revolution
World history enlightenment and revolution
Impact of enlightenment on politics
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In the 1600’s and 1700’s Europe had much going on when it came to government. France along with Russia had absolute monarchs who had a vast amount of power and wealth. However England was doing the opposite by trying to limit royal power, they also protected the rights of some of their people. No government is perfect though, seeing as there are advantages and disadvantages to both absolutism and democracy. Nonetheless, the 17th and 18th century enlightened European nations would be most successful with a democracy. The freedoms of people, which many well-like philosophe of this time expanded upon, would be protected in this type of government. Revolts would also be prevented without the use of fear in a democracy. This too allows powers to be spread out, so a head alone doesn’t make all the decisions. Following the enlightenment European nations would strongly benefit from a Democracy compared to Absolutism. Under a Democracy the freedoms of people will be protected. Freedom of speech is a big one that will most defiantly be guaranteed. As Voltaire (a renowned philosophe) once wro...
The summer of 1964, President Lyndon Baines Johnson finally decided to sign the Civil Rights Act. This bill permitted people of all races and skin tones to be free from segregation. It promised the extension on voting rights, stronger equal employment opportunities, and guaranteed all Americans the right to use public facilities such as schools, restaurants and swimming pools (Politics or Principle 405). Many Americans questioned if the true decision behind President Johnson signing the civil rights act of 1964 was political or principle. I strongly believe Johnson signed it in a principle matter due to seeing different perspectives in living with prejudice, he would do anything to get the bill signed and he was finally free from the South's persuasive bonds.
Before that can be established, I think a definition of democracy should be stated so that it may be called upon later in this essay. According to the American Heritage Dictionary, democracy is stated as "the principle of social equality and respect for the individual within a community" .
Absolute monarchy (Absolutism), it is a form of monarchy in which a single ruler has supreme authority and it is not restricted by any written laws or customs. An example of absolutism monarchy is French King Louis XIV, Russian Tsar Peter the Great, or English King Henry VIII. Democracy is a system of government by elected representatives or officials. Example of democracy is the United States. These type of government exist in the 17th and 18th century in Europe. So the question is, which type of government was considered the most effective in Europe? In my opinion, I believe that absolutism was the most effective in Europe.
Democracy is designed to concentrate the power of government in the hands of the people and protect against autocracy and oligarchy. It presupposes societies need a modicum of rule, as they cannot function if there is anarchy. In this way, democracy is a virtue, or a mean between two vices. However, democracy has a sliding scale, the metric of which is the citizens who rule it. Citizens ultimately dictate the laws to be agreed upon, codified and enacted. These laws not only govern behavior and maintain order, but also provide citizens with a mechanism to seek relief through the courts should they be aggrieved.
The word "democracy" is a tricky one, and it is important to bear in mind that it meant different things to different people in the 19th century, Just as it does today. For some mid-Victorians the word democracy was a term of abuse. But for many others, it was worth pursuing, but not to be taken too far. John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham were a famous thinkers and philosophers who held an important attitudes toward democracy. Each one of them call for a different theory toward suffrage and the right to vote.
Q6: France had a more difficult time getting democracy than England because they had a more powerful monarchy. In England, a movement called the Chartist movement was made. This allowed men of all sorts of classes to have the chance to vote instead of just the high middle class and the upper class men. In 884, almost all of the men living in England had the opportunity to vote. During the Victorian Age of England, Queen Victoria was at the throne at the age of 18 years old. She played a less powerful role due to the monarchy that was expanding. The kings who watched over her had a great influence of monarchy, and the political power turned over to the Parliament. England was now runned by the prime minister and the cabinet. In France it took
A country can be run in many different ways; the form of government plays a big hand in determining international affairs and government policies. Ideas change, long ago countries were run by monarchs. Kings and Queens: with absolute power to rule. Now, many countries use democracy as a form of government with three separate branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. Each form has its advantages and its disadvantages but Some ways have been outdated and improved upon, which begs the question, which one is better? Opinions may differ but there are some points that put one side high above the other. Representative democracy is a better form of government than absolute monarchy because the community is actively involved in government actions
Throughout the course of history, mankind has been recorded to corrupt itself. Men have grown tired of simply surviving; they have had to take and conquer others. Absolute monarchies control wealth, land, and even lives of men. The conditions of the people were solely dependent on the conditions of the one who was in power in that particular place and time. History has proven that most men rule unwisely in their kingdoms. To avoid tyrannical rule, some make an attempt to set up a government in which the people ruled themselves. This form of government is called a democracy, or “rule of the people.” History has also revealed through the Greeks and the French Revolution, that a democracy that gives complete power to the people, “absolute democracy”, is nothing more than a short prelude to tyranny.
Kyi Suu San Aung. "The Quest of Democracy." Reading The World: Ideas That Matter, edited
... result of a direct democracy, complications like getting every citizen to vote on every single issue, something close to impossible with modern populations that grow like grass in springtime. These changes have caused democracy to become intertwined with other forms of government, and while they have caused a deviation from pure democracy, they have allowed countless nations to function efficiently while maintaining the basic pillar of democracy: that ultimate authority and power is derived from the citizens.
Without the freedom of speech, individuals can’t express their wishes and thoughts. And the head of government can’t hear their voice. The whole exercise of policies is separated from individuals. The democracy therefore can’t be consolidated since this weakens the freedom of speech which is a major criteria of democracy.
Although democracy was meant for the good of the people, some criticized it as it did not really cover the interests of everyone. Plato and the Old Oligarch were some of the major critics of democracy, both Plato and the Old Oligarch saw democracy as unstable and detrimental to society. Plato goes on to provide his solution to democracy, Plato sought to replace democracy with a philosopher king. Aristotle on the other hand, doesn’t completely dismiss democracy, instead, Aristotle insists that a democracy or oligarchy be put into place with the majority of the body being middle class. Democracy empowered the middle and poor classes, contended with the higher classes, and as well as criticizing democracy critics provide their own alternative.
James Madison along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay wrote the Federalist papers. The Federalist papers draft and are the framework for the governmental design for the states and why this government was the ideal way to govern the United States of America. The Federalist No. X and the Federalist No. LI analyze why the government was designed that way and how the government must work in order to perform a job in unison with the public. In the Federalist No. X Madison explains the reason behind the structure of the government, that is human nature, factions and the unequal distribution of property. While in the Federalist No. LI Hamilton and Madison come together to define the structure of the government and why it works with the control
A democracy could only survive if people voice their opinions, ask questions, and if the society is educated. Disobedience leads to some of the most unfortunate of things, such as death. People either believe that the above information is 100 % spot on, while others believe none of it is true. Part of this is because people come from different places in the world and have many different opinions. The opinions may be about what allows a democracy to survive and why some of the most terrible things happen. A democracy is only one of the forms of government that allow a society to survive, whether or not it is the best one.