Table 2.4: Negative Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism Development (Source: Easterling, 2004, p.53)
Findings
Researcher
Loss of Native
Language
Residents report that as a result of the influx of tourist languages, their native language has been lost
Coppock 1987; Cybrisky,
1970; White, 1974
Increased
Prostitution
Residents believe that tourism results in increased prostitution
Belishe & Hoy, 1990; Liu & Sheldon, 1987; Liu & Var,
1996
Tourism Destroy Community Character
Tourism erodes social fabric of communities
Faukenberry et al., 2000; Allen et al., 1988; Bisillat,
1979; Braytey et al., 1990;
Delamere & Hinch, 1994;
Residents Attitude Worsen Over Time
Residents negative attitude may become hostile behaviors
…show more content…
This may lead to unnecessary conflict in the organization.
According to Haralambopoulos & Pizam (1996), tourism has an impact on the transformation of the social system within communities, by changing “the socio - economic status of some individuals”. For example, due to tourism, some residents could have a better social and economic status than others if the land they own suddenly acquires a higher value than it did before.
Cultural impacts of tourism are those that influence a long-term and gradual change in the values, beliefs and traditions of a society. Research suggests that tourism can have a harmful influence on the culture of a country (Haralambopoulos & Pizam, 1996). However, tourism is also believed to “contribute to the 'renaissance' of traditional art forms in host societies” (Haralambopoulos & Pizam, 1996, p.508). A majority of countries within the Arabian Gulf (i.e., Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Kuwait) have very conservative views guided by Islam. The influx of Western tourists poses a threat to the culture and traditions of the country. As Tosun (2002) suggests, tourism generating from developed countries can have a negative socio-cultural impact (e.g., decline in traditions, materialization, and social conflicts) on members of developing countries. Further, the demonstration effect of tourism is seen as the main cause of change within community values, where the influx of
…show more content…
These impacts are two sided; they might bring good and bad things in the destination as pointed out by (Mthembu, 2009:70). Weed (2008:394) reiterates that any impact on the society should be classified within the social domain. Malthieson and Wall (1982:4) suggest that in categorizing or defining social impacts in tourism, anything that affects the quality of life has to be considered. In this regard, changes in quality of life of residents of a tourist destination constitute social
Tourism impacts can be generally classified into seven categories with each having both positive and negative impacts. These impacts include; economic, environmental, social and cultural, crowding and congestion, taxes, and community attitude. It is essential for a balance on array of impacts that may either positively or negatively affect the resident communities. Different groups are concerned about different tourism impacts that affect them in one way or another. Tourism’s benefits can be increased by use of specific plans and actions. These can also lead to decrease in the gravity of negative impacts. Communities will not experience every impact but instead this will depend on particular natural resources, development, or spatial patterns (Glen 1999).
Weaknesses: The text focuses more on which impacts climate change has on tourism than which impacts tourism has on the climate change. It also doesn’t discuss which impacts cruise tourism has on the climate change.
This chapter deals with the literature on the socio-economic impacts of heritage tourism in order to give the reader a clear picture of the problem. According to Weaver and Lawton (2002), the main purposed of tourism management at a destination is to maximise the economic, social and environmental benefits while trying to minimising the associated costs. Regarding the impacts of tourism, most literature will describes economic and social impacts in both positive and negative (Lickorish & Jenkins, 1997; Narayan, 2004; Page, 2007; Timothy & Boyd, 2003; Tsartas, 1992).
Today’s global competition, demands a country to keep the true identity., culture becomes the basic aspects that must be maintained, because of the existence of culture effects how closely humans in general act, and be friendly. Cultural or often we refer to as the culture has its own uniqueness, while others interest by the culture then this could make the place tourism.
What is more, tourism also produces a lot of pollution through littering, noise and emissions from road traffic in many areas. Another negative effect is the merging and interaction between cultures. When those cultures become globalized, their chances of facing loss of tradition and culture will be extremely high. The ones that are most likely to be influenced by foreign cultures are teenagers.... ...
In an article titled Positive & Negative Effects of Tourism, author Carole Simm looks at the positive effects of tourism economically, socially and environmentally.
These effects are positive, but they are not few times can often be negative as well (Haley et al., 2004). Many scientists believe that tourism is a development tool (Gee et al., 1989) with many attendant financial benefits that can be measured objectively and used for further development (Cohen, 1972). However, the social impacts are considered more subjective and vague (Haley et al., 2004). In social impact assessment of weighty importance is the view of the local community, especially when it comes to a small
Tourism is often associated with traveling to places away from home. Tourism has a big impact on the economic growth of some countries, which define the shape of their cities by producing different sectors like historic districts, convention centers, museums, malls, hotels, restaurants, and the list can be endless. Furthermore, tourism elements have been developed by cities for a variety of reasons including: situating themselves in the world by drawing a positive image and attracting visitors and for their money.
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
Anthropologists believe tourism can be a very successful anthropological strategy to integrate a group of guests into a new culture (Selwyn, 1990). Ethnic and historical tourism are the branches that relate mostly to anthropology. They focus more on the integration of culture and learning more about the society and history. They are much more strict in regards to boundaries and rules as opposed to recreational and cultural tourism. Cultural and recreational tourism differ the most from anthropology, dismissing important rules and offending the host country’s residents.
Tourism may be defined as the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting of visitors. According to UNESCO (2002), culture is defined as ‘the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group.’
According to the ‘World Tourism Organization’ (UNWTO), the tourism industry is one of the fastest growing sectors in the world, as it is estimated that by the year 2020, 7.8 billion people (roughly a quarter of the world’s population) will embark on a foreign trip (Bennett & Gebhardt 15). The Caribbean is said to be the most economically dependent on this industry, as the ‘Caribbean Tourism Organisation’ states that the industry forms the “economic backbone of most countries in the Region”(“Caribbean Tourism Industry” 1). The implications for tourism’s affect on the region have arisen and have prompted further research into this matter. Since the 1970’s, research regarding tourism in the Caribbean has attempted to determine the social, cultural, environmental, and economic impacts of tourism. Much of the research has found that there are in fact many negative adverse effects, and Jackson’s article asserts that, “Governments often commit money and other resources to support the growth and development of tourism and often turn a blind eye to its negative impacts” (574).
The negative impacts that tourism creates can destroy the environment and all of its resources which it depends of for survival. Tourism has the prospective to create and bring useful effects on to the environment by donation the environmental protection conservation.
At the present time, one of the inseparable parts of the economic growth is considered as tourism industry. Commonly, tourism is the movement of people to other places for business or leisure purposes as well as covers their activities. Holloway and Humphreys defines that the places where tourists come and spend their money are called as “tourist destinations” in other words “receiving areas”. Many countries have been improving tourism to overcome economic difficulties since it is growing fast. The industry activities have been demonstrated a general positive trend in the economy and it has already become the inherent part of economic development. In host countries, tourism has led to such positive consequences as the improved infrastructure,
The purpose of museums is to collect and archive different artifacts of value ranging from historical, cultural and scientific significance and present these items for the education and enjoyment of the public. By displaying artifacts of historic significance, museums impact visitors from around the world. Through collecting artifacts, a museum can preserve the culture or political landscape of a nation, or region at a particular time in history. Museums also boost the economy of the area where the are located. Patrons of museums bring in revenue to cities around the globe. In the U.S. over 4.8 billion artifacts are held in public trust (Morris). These artifacts are housed and displayed at museums, archives, and libraries, preserving artifacts