In the past, it is not much pedestrian traffic along the street because of the lower population. However, due to the population increasing in 1960-70s.The government considerate that the number of pedestrian traffic such as footbridge is so important, so the government have to increase the total number of all pedestrian traffic like footbridge. With the time changed, the safety and technical of bridge structure form has also changed and improved. Nowadays, almost footbridge in Hong Kong is made by concrete including prestressed concrete bridge.
This project will discuss about some basic structure analysis of prestressed concrete bridge and design a newly footbridge according the structure design manual for highway department.
First, there is several type of the footbridge. We need to compare all form of footbridge and pick the best one to design.
Second, we should choose the suitable place or area to start the construction.
Third, at the same time, we could find the design code and the legal requirement for footbridge design.
Then, we can have show some preliminary drawing (footbridge detail) according the area.
Finally, we can calculate the simple design load (Dead Load, Wind Load, Live Load) base on the preliminary drawing.
A beam bridge consists of a horizontal beam that is supported at each end by piers.
When a load pushes down on the beam, the beam's top edge is pushed together (compression) and the bottom edge is stretched (tension).
Single span beam bridges rarely span more than 100 m to cross great distances.
The beam bridge is general used because of the bridge's simple design and construction. And the simple support beam bridge is the most economical form of the bridge.
Trusses are formed of straight members in a tria...
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...hen the cables have placed, the supporting parts of the bridge are finished.
In this part of the report, we have to found all type of the footbridge (e.g. Beam Bridge, truss bridge). We also compare the advantage and disadvantage of the footbridge like cost of the construction, material and appearance).
Then we found the suitable place to plan and design the bridge. We have drawn the preliminary drawing for the footbridge detail such as stairway and ramp.
Finally according the size of the footbridge, we have some preliminary calculate (dead load and live load).
For the next part of the report, we need to have some detail calculation for the bridge. For example, the wind load, the prestressed concrete design, steel design, column and foundation design. With this detail calculation that will make sure the place or location is suitable for the footbridge construction.
“It was designed with a twenty-two foot roadway and one five-foot sidewalk” (Silver). The silver bridge is a very long bridge. “An eye-bar is a long steel plate having large circular ends with an "eye" or hole through which a pin is used to connect to other eyebars (to make a chain) or to other parts of the bridge.” according to Richard Fields. The whole bridge was built using the eye-bar suspension.
The Bailey Island Bridge is located in Harpswell, Maine on Route 24. Before the making of the bridge, the fishermen that lived on Bailey’s Island wanted a bridge that connected their island to Orr’s Island. The town of Harpsweell made and voted on their decisions in the weekly town meetings (“Bailey”). The project was stalled because of some of the mainlanders in the town, but it was brought back up for discussion in 1912. They first agreed on a “road” which would connect the two islands and would be constructed with timber. This was to cost $3,000. The cost quickly reached $25,000 at a later town meting because they decided to build the bridge with stone and concrete instead. Once the legislature decided to pass a bill stating that it would fun state’s highway and bridge projects, they decided to move forward with the project (Hansen, 36).
David Winkler/ASC to provide which floor skybridges will be connected at and height required to move equipment underneath safely.
At the time of its construction in 1929, the Ambassador Bridge was the largest spanned suspension bridge at 564 meters until the George Washington Bridge was built. It was an engineering masterpiece at the time. The total bridge length is 2,286 meters and rises to 118 meters above the river. Suspension cables support the main span of the Ambassador Bridge and the main pillars under the bridge are supported by steel in a cantilever truss structure. In total, the McClintic-Marshall masterpiece is comprised of 21,000 tons of steel. The immense socio-economical impact that the Ambassador Bridge has on transportation and trade is imperative for daily interaction between the Un...
The Golden Gate bridge, standing as an icon of roadway innovations, took multiple engineers years to design and complete. They could not just simply build an ordinary bridge. They had to take into consideration the physics behind it, as well as, what kind of effect the environment would have upon the bridge. The bridge sits along one of the most active fault lines in the world, so engineers had to make sure their bridge could withstand a little movement. Today the Golden Gate bridge still stands tried and true, as does many other innovations that 20th century engineers came up with.
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Following the collapse of the I-35 Bridge, other bridges in the country, with similar construction designs, were scrutinized. According to federal statistics, more than 70,000 of the 607,363 or roughly 12 percent of the bridges in the United States are classified as “structurally deficient.”
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One of the most influential engineering discoveries in the past century was the ill-fated Tacoma Narrows Bridge. “Galloping Gertie” as she was known to local residents, the massive Washington state suspension bridge shook, rattled and rolled its way into the history books. Legendary in its time, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge held many records and drew tourists from around the world in its short life. However, the famous bridge is not known for its creative engineering or speedy construction, unfortunately the bridge was destined to fail. That failure in turn changed the way every building is constructed today as well as further man’s understanding of physics and the forces of nature. In this paper we will examine the history of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge from design to construction, the failure of the bridge, and ultimately the rebuilding project.
There are two theories (T1: Theory One) and (T2: Theory Two) that have different implications for how to build a bridge. These two theories are similar because they both have not been falsified however they differ because one has been tested and the other has not. The theories are stated explicitly below.
However, before doing this we had to look more into depth on the materials we will use to construct our bridge. We also have to consider the possible environmental and geological factors that should be taken into consideration for our model. Pertaining to environmental and geological factors, there are many stipulations that structural engineers take into consideration before the construction of a truss bridge begins. The main objective of the geotechnical engineers are to protect the lives of others and avoid property damage from happening which can be caused by various geological conditions. Geological engineering uses principles of soil and rock mechanics to find surface conditions and materials.The Geotechnical engineers complete works such as: geological hazard assessments, material properties, landslide and slope stability, erosion, flooding, dewatering, and seismic investigations. These engineers closely examine all of these important factors before constructing a bridge in a certain location. According to Teach Engineering.com, constructing a safe and efficient bridge requires an ample amount of time and energy. Environmental and geological factors play a major role in construction, as
Based on the research conducted, the bridge being built will be a Pratt or Parker Bridge with a height of about 2.5 inches. Members will connect to one another through lap joints, and when a lap joint cannot be used, an end joint with two gussets securing it in place will be used. Gorilla Glue and Alteco ST50 Super Glue will be used to connect members at these joints. The glue will be applied to balsa members pinned to a workspace through a glue applicator to assist in applying a precise amount of
For instance, the basic framing of building structures consists of beams and columns. Mostly rectangular beams are used. The fundamental concept of stress distribution in rectangular beams suggests that extreme vertical ends of the beam need more material than the part in between those two extreme ends. Hence, I-shaped beams are better alternative for rectangular ones as they have lesser material between the extreme ends. Thus, modifying areas with low stresses in
The dead loads of roof trusses consists of weight of roof covering , weight of purlins, weight of festering and self weight of the trusses.
Fanella, D. (2011). Reinforced concrete structures: analysis and design / David A. Fanella. New York: McGraw-Hill, c2011.