Compounding is a fundamental aspect of pharmacy practice. Understanding appropriate procedures for processing, packaging, storing, and labeling is essential for dispensing a quality product. Additionally, it is important to be aware of oversight/regulation of pharmacy compounding so that procedures are carried out in a manner that ensures the safety of both the patient and practitioner. Please answer the following questions prior to compounding. Cite your references.
What is the difference between compounding and manufacturing? Compounding:
Compounding is done extemporaneously, meaning there is no preparation. The medication must be prepared by hand at the pharmacy. The integrity of the ingredients used is regulated by the Food and
The molecular formula is C23H27FN4O2, with a molecular weight of 410.49 (Ereshefsky & Mascarena, 2003). Route of administration is oral. Once the drug passes the esophagus and stomach, it makes its way into the small intestines. There are beds of capillaries within the intestine walls.
Metformin is administered orally. It is manufactured in active form. It is recommended that this medication be taken with food, but this decreases the bioavailability by delaying absorption (Wilbur, 2013). This medication undergoes first pass metabolism in the liver. On an empty stomach, the bioavailability of Metformin is approximately 50% to 60% and it takes 4 to 8 hours to reach peak plasma levels with steady state plasma levels being reached within 24 to 48 hours (U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA], 2008). Metformin is eliminated through first-order kinetics with a half-life of close to 17 hours and it is excreted almost exclusively unchanged in the urine through tubular secretion (FDA, 2008).
Discuss the possible drug and excipient-related constrains of the formulation (no identity of the drug was given to you at this
contamination, toxicity, and side effects. Most people believe these medications are compounded or mixed by a trained and licensed individual. However, this is inaccurate because the pharmacy technician actually compounds a large percentage of a patient’s medications. Compounding involves a techn...
Giving out the wrong medication, or improper dosages can potentially be fatal to patients. Pharmacy technicians must be willing to take on this risk and do their work as carefully and accurately as possible.
The Money Growth Rule is based upon a theory originally set forth by Milton Friedman as a solution to keep the United States economy on a controlled course of growth. The thoery revolves around the premise that the best monetary policy that the Federal Reserve can follow is to establish a constant growth rate of the money supply independent of current economic fluctuations. The reasoning is that as the economy experiences changes in relative output, the money supply can have dramatic effects upon the economy. Additionally, by establishing a money growth rule, Friedman believed that this would eliminate the possibility of short-run mismanagement and, in the end, be more beneficial for the economy.
Detail is in everything that we do in the pharmacy, from typing scripts, to entering patient information. When typing scripts, we have to pay close attention to the prescriptions making sure that we are typing in the right medications, typing the right sig codes for the consumption directions, and making sure its the correct patient and medication that they need. Also paying close attention to the medication names when filling prescriptions is very important since there are a bunch of drug names that are very similar in wording but are very different their affects. Mixing up medications or typing in wrong information or any other things, could lead to the patient getting the wrong medication or the wrong dosage that could lead to patients becoming very ill or death. Which then would come back to the pharmacy techs who did the prescriptions and could have very bad consequences since it was their responsibility to make sure everything was correct throughout the whole
I pleased to apply to the PharmD program as the program is one area that corresponds to my career dreams. Being part of this program gives one the opportunity to gain an excellent experience in working and collaborating with various health care providers in the ward. But more importantly, it facilitates a practical environment in dealing more closely with patients. Hence, it helps to provide the ultimate health care services to patients. Also, it permits me to carry on gaining different knowledge, skills, and values in addition to those I have already developed during my undergraduate studies. My interest in being a clinical pharmacist was first aroused during my SPEP rotation in the hospital setting where I was really impressed with the role of clinical pharmacists who provide a consistent process of patient care with healthcare teams to maintain the appropriateness, effectiveness and safety of the medication use. Unlike a pharmacist, a clinical pharmacist has a more diversified responsibilities and closeness to direct patient care. Moreover, provides
During high school, I recall flipping through the pages of my father’s pharmacology textbooks. I was in awe of the abundance of information, and I began to crave knowledge of pharmaceuticals and their systemic targets. Not but a few years later, I began my experience in the field of pharmacy as a drug packer. As soon as I came of age, I applied for my pharmacy technician license – and was promoted shortly thereafter. While my drug and medical knowledge grew, I longed for the opportunity to work directly patients. This innate desire has led me to where I am today: prepared, committed and possessing an aptitude and intellectual maturity required to excel as a pharmacist. I have learned to promote teamwork and professionalism within a pharmacy, take charge in difficult situations, and complete tasks efficiently yet thoroughly. Pursuing a career as a pharmacist would incorporate my passion for pharmaceuticals and their underlying pharmacokinetics with my commitment to promoting health and well-being within my community.
First, here is some important background information about Pharmacists. A Pharmacist is someone who is trained and licensed to distribute medicinal drugs and to advise on their use. According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook Pharmacists do all of the following: "Fill prescriptions, verify proper amounts of medication to give to patients, check whether the prescription will interact negatively with other drugs that a patient is taking or conditions the patient has, instruct patients on how to and when to take a prescribed medicine, Advise patients on potential side effects they may experience from taking the medicine, Advise patients about general health topics, such as diet, exercise, managing stress, and on other issues, such as what equipment or supplies would be best for a health problem, Keep records and do other administrative tasks, Complete insurance forms and work with insurance companies to be sure that patients get the medicine they need, Teach other healthcare practitioners about proper medication therapies for patients, and lastly oversee the work of pharmacy technicians and pharmacists training."() Some pharmacists participate in compounding, where they create medications by mixing ingredients themselves. Pharmacists tha...
Composition is one of the processes of word formation in the Old English period. A compound is joining two or more words to express a meaning in a certain way. The strategies of English word compounding are primarily inherited from its origin Proto Indo-European language. In compound words, the last or final element is what express the general meaning and dictate the part of speech as well as the gender. In modern English, the nucleus of the noun phrase compound is usually placed at the end of the compound, which is the same in the Old English Period.
The pharmacy industry is structured in four major segments: Institutional pharmacies, which distribute drugs for inpatient use in hospitals or long-term health facilities; Retail pharmacies, which fill prescriptions for individual customers in physical stores; Mail order and specialty pharmacies, which permit the patients to have access to larger doses of prescriptions or provide drugs and similar services for specialized medication regimes; and pharmacy services, which gives prescription drug benefit management programs to different government entities, health insurers and large employers. This industry began when benefits of separating prescriptions of medicines from dispensing the drugs were seen.
Nowadays, there is increasing number of people take pharmacy as their profession. As everyone knows, there is many practice area for pharmacists like community pharmacist, hospital pharmacist, industrial pharmacist and academic pharmacist. Other than that, there are few specialties in pharmacy ...
Solvents are usually blended in to mix well with the active ingredients to get the better effect of the drug.(6)