India-Australia relations have seen a steady growth from 1991 to 2016 despite various disagreements that have risen between the two nations. At the core, both nations are strong, vibrant, secular and multicultural democracies in the Indo-Pacific region. The convergences between India and Australia have increased as the years have gone by, while the divergences have contracted. This is different from how the two countries viewed each other during the
Cold War period, where India saw Australia as a strategic accessory to the USA and
Europe’s legacy of imperialism whereas Australia grew increasingly sceptical of India’s
Non-Alignment Movement as it started to lean towards the Soviet Union.
The post-Cold War period has seen greater interaction
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This is most demonstrated by the “Four Pillars strategy” that shapes the broad contours of Australian policy towards India since 2012. The first facet of these Four Pillars is an economic relationship built around energy security which will reframe the way India thinks about Australia; the second facet, a political/strategic relationship based on closer defence cooperation, a closer working relationship on institution-building in Asia and the
Indian Ocean through the East Asia Summit and the Indian Ocean Rim Association for
Regional Cooperation; third, a multilateral strategy focused on the G20 with closer collaboration on trade liberalisation and climate change; and fourthly, building the people-to-people relationship in a way which reinforces their shared interests.
The India-Australia ties have grown over the decades in various spheres to address joint concerns, from bilateral issues of trade, strategic cooperation, and socio-cultural exchanges most notable in sports, people to people contact, and multilateral cooperation. There have been numerous studies carried out in different aspects of India-Australia relations and this paper seeks to explore one particular facet of their ties, namely to study the China factor
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For example, India shares geographic contiguity with China that also translates to border disputes and more severe security concerns in comparison to Australia, which also has security concerns of increasing
Chinese presence in its Pacific backyard; however are not as potent as that of countries like
Japan and India. A recent example of India and Australia interaction is evident in the first-ever Bilateral Maritime Exercise, which was conducted in Visakhapatnam and the Bay of Bengal and later agreed to become a biennial event. Closer strategic cooperation was also evident in the first Secretary-level trilateral talks with Japan in June 2015 and in the decision to hold annual Secretary-level 2+2 talks from early 2016.
The India-Australia nexus that is emerging in recent years is fostered in the commonalities of their interaction with the Indo-Pacific region. This paper specifically seeks to explore the
China factor in the India-Australia synergy and the areas of interest where the three parties connect to foster better relations between these actors. This has become especially
The presidencies of George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton both exemplify a desire to reshape world affairs after the ending of the Cold War in 1991 and the subsequent dissolution of the Soviet Union. Although the United States had unrivalled economic and power after the war, neither president sought to adopt the aggressive rhetoric of predecessor Ronald Reagan, as it was feared that this may impair relations with nations that the U.S. wanted to maintain. Both Bush and Clinton considered the fostering of positive relationships around the world hugely important on the basis that it was hoped former Soviet states in Europe and countries in East Asia would adopt a democratic political system and laissez-faire neoliberal economy much like the U.S., thereby ensuring the
After evaluating the above factors, it is clear that the partnership between Australia and Japan is of significant importance to both countries. With reference to the Centre for Study of Australian-Asian Relations (1997:152) the future prosperity of Australia will to an increasing extent, be dependent on that of her neighbours in the Asia-Pacific area. Currently the Australia-Japan relationship could be described as “comfortable and relaxed”. However both Australia and Japan need to be alert to the changing environment and must ensure that the right frameworks and policy settings are in place in order for the two countries to prosper.
The major factor that led to the true end of the Cold War was the ongoing personal and diplomatic relationship between Presidents George H. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev. This resulted in the reduction of the Russian military and favorable arms agreements. Key indicators of the substance behind this relationship were the Soviet troop withdrawals from Czechoslovakia, Afghanistan, and Hungary (lifting the Hungarian/Austrian “Iron Curtain” along the border). Subsequently the opening of the Berl...
“Not again,” an article published by Arundhati Roy in the British newspaper, The Guardian, is a scathing denunciation of the United States and its current expansionism. Though Roy certainly is not representative of Indian public opinion on the United States war on Iraq—or on any subject for that matter—her article does manage to bring up several issues that are of importance to India as a developing country. Through her primary message of denouncing U.S. foreign policy, Roy also addresses two issues that are central to India today: the potential nuclear conflict with
Australia and South Korea share want to help in strengthening outcomes for their students. They have exchange programs in place that allow many Australian students to come and experience Korea. Australia has many thousands of Korean students studying in their country. South Korea is Australia's 4th largest origin of international students, with nearly 21,000 full-time students studying in Australia in 2015. South Korea is a popular destination for Australian students under the New Colombo Plan (NCP). The numbers of NCP students studying in Korea continue to increase year after year¬. For 2017, 12 NCP scholarships have been awarded. Both the active Korean community in Australia and the growing number of alumni in South Korea show great personal
...rkforce than ever before. The Soviet Union gained their strength through the Allied victory of the world, and so they dominated Europe. This is what ultimately causes the Cold War, and this also causes an increase in Communist threats in the United States.
The end of the Cold War was one of the most unexpected and important events in geopolitics in the 20th century. The end of the Cold War can be defined as the end of the bipolar power struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union, which had existed since the end of the World War II. The conclusion of the Cold War can be attributed to Gorbachev’s series of liberalizations in the 1980s, which exposed the underlying economic problems in the Soviet Union and Eastern bloc states that had developed in the 1960s and 70s and prevented the USSR from being able to compete with the US as a superpower. Nevertheless, Reagan’s policies of a renewed offensive against communism, Gorbachev’s rejection of the Brezhnev doctrine and the many nationalities
(1993), The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations, Volume Four, America in the Age of Soviet Power, 1945 – 1991, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press · Froman, M.B. (1991) The Development of the Détente, Coming to Terms, London, Macmillan Academic and Professional LTD · Kent, J. and Young, J.W. (2004) International Relations Since 1945, Oxford, Oxford University Press · www.oed.com (Oxford English Dictionary online)
The Cold War, which started sometime in the 1940’s, was a large quarrel between the United States and the Soviet Union. This dispute involved a lot of propaganda and threats of nuclear warfare. Despite all of the trouble though, after over forty years of fighting, the two leaders of these countries (Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev) would finally work out a solution. However, although they did reach an agreement, there were many differences between these two men.
What I found most interesting was the decline of the relationship between the U.S., U.S.S.R and
"When a power vacuum separates great powers, as one did the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II, they are unlikely to fill it without bumping up against and bruising each other" (Gaddis). This 'bumping' and 'bruising' caused the tensions and hostilities that surfaced in the years following WWII.
In the year 2007, China and India ranked first and second respectively in the list of ideal foreign direct investment (FDI) destinations, according to A T Kearney, a global strategic management consulting firm (The Press Trust of India Limited, 2007a). The two nations, because of their similarities in geopolitical, economic and demographic aspects, are often compared with each other. To determine which one is more attractive for businesses to expand to, this essay will examine the business environment of both countries from the following perspectives: political/legal, economic, socio-cultural and technological.
The 21st Century has witnessed Asia’s rapid ascent to economic prosperity. As economic gravity shifts from the Western world to the Asian region, the “tyranny of distance [between states, will be] … replaced by the prospects of proximity” in transnational economic, scientific, political, technological, and social develop relationships (Australian Government, 1). Japan and China are the region’s key business exchange partners. Therefore these countries are under obligation to steer the region through the Asian Century by committing to these relationships and as a result create business networks, boost economic performance, and consequently necessitate the adjustment of business processes and resources in order to accommodate each country’s
Inkenberry, John. “The Rise of China and the Future of the West.” Foreign Affairs. The Council of Foreign Relations. Jan 2008. Web. 9 Mar 2014.
We must avoid the temptation if at any given time our individual national economy is more prosperous than those of our other partner states, to be so arrogant as to forget that our economic situation may be suddenly reversed and that therefore we will soon need close links with our partner states in matters concerning both the intra-regional and extra-regional spheres. West Indian history abounds with instances of countries suffering sudden reversals of their economic fortunes.