“The Black Ball” and “Why, You Reckon?” share similar themes that are conveyed through similar literary techniques and plots. While they do so in different ways, Ralph Ellison and Langston Hughes both explore the theme of racism.
Ellison explores the detrimental effect that racism has on a person. John reflects while conversing with the fellow in the lobby,“That part wasn't missing. When they did have something to say to us, they always became familiar” (Ellison 345). As John continues to talk to the fellow in the lobby, he begins to feel a sense of insecurity, “'Any other colored folks working here?' 'I’m the only one,' I lied. There were two others. It was none of his business anyway” (Ellison 345). In “The Black Ball” Ellison uses dialogue to convey a theme of racism. The word “they” is used to represent white people, and the word “us” to represent African Americans. Even in the writing they are segregated, furthering the point that John is not given equal opportunities or even treated with basic civilities. Because of the racism that John has been subjected to, he has developed a sense of mistrust. He feels the need to lie to the fellow because he does not trust him, and he feels his job might be in jeopardy. By adding details like these to the plot,
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The fellow contemplates the man's proposal, “Well, sir, I’m tellin’ you, I was so tired and hongry and cold that night I didn’t hardly know what to say, so I said all right, and we decided to do it. Looked like to me ’bout that time a Hundred Thirty-third Street was just workin’ with people, taxis cruisin’, white folks from downtown lookin’ for hot spots” (Hughes 254) The fellow thinks about his past, and his current situation, “Well, sir, I ain’t never been mixed up in nothin’ wrong before nor since, and I don’t intend to be again, but I was hongry that night. Indeed, I was!” (Hughes
John has a little boy he looks after that has to stay in the back of the building. Since John and his little boy are both African American, they are both judged by the community, and have responsibilities to uphold as well. In this story it conveys the theme of disillusionment of man. One example from the story that shows this is when John’s little boy is playing with his ball, and a white boy takes it and throws it into the manager’s office to get him in trouble. Additionally, not even knowing what really happened, the manager Berry is furious with John. In the story he says “Well if I ever see him around her again, you’re going to find yourself behind the black ball. Now get him on round the back and then come up here and clean up this mess he’s made.” (Ellison 351). This shows how upset the manager was with John about the ball being thrown, and how he is initially frustrated with the belief that Johns little boy threw it up there. This is one way that the theme of disillusionment of man is created through this time in
He tells his audience that he remembers being brought up in a world he didn’t understand, but as time past he began to understand why things were they way they are. He tells about the many times he was confused because he wasn’t allowed to do things other kids his age were allowed to do. A simple act of walking to the park was unjust because of the color of his skin. He also understands the effect that discrimination has on his family and society as a whole. The term discrimination can be seen as “the act of making or perceiving a difference”(merriam-webster.com). These acts of discrimination are described and seen throughout Ellison’s short story. Ellison’s mother was the one who would stand up for Ellison and his brother whenever these horrible acts were being done to them. The use of imaginary imagery is seen in the article when Ellison describes his views on what he expects to see at school and in life.”For months you had been imagining your new experience and the children”(page 4432). Ellison tells the audience what he expects to happen when he arrives to school, but what actually happens is not what he expected. More uses of imagery are used when Ellison describes the way whites and blacks are being treated completely different. The contrast between whites and blacks is seen throughout this article, a simple trip to the zoo for Ellison and his family was seen as a crime and they were treated
Writing during the emergence of the “New Negro” movement, Claude McKay and Langston Hughes work to reconcile black life in white America. The trope used by the two poets within “The Harlem Dancer” and “The Weary Blues” is that of a performance and a single speaker’s recollection of it. While both depict an African-American performer presumably consumed by the isolation and oppression of their condition, the intensity of the performances prove to be vastly disparate. Hughes’ “The Weary Blues” features a much more transcendent performance than that of McKay’s “The Harlem Dancer” not only because of the relationship between the audience and the performer, but the degree of ubiquity in descriptions of the performer and the poetic form through which the performance is framed. While neither performer attempts to gain anything from their audience, the impact of their art on the speaker identifies the importance McKay placed on art as a means to build racial pride as well as Hughes interest in art as a means to communicate a common struggle.
Although Langston Hughes’ “Why, You Reckon?” is a short story, it encapsulates differences between races and classes in American society. The story highlights the desperate and hopeless lives of poor African-Americans in Harlem, New York, who would do anything just so they can fill their stomachs. Hughes adds a contrast by putting in a white man who uses his money and privileges to try to experience the exuberance of Harlem but fails to do so. Written in 1934, during the peak of racial divide in America, Langston Hughes’ “Why, you reckon?” shows that real experiences, not money, contribute to happiness.
The story I chose for this analysis is “Why, you reckon?” by Langston Hughes. IN this analysis I will be focusing on how the great depression in Harlem had effect on the story, how racism played a part, and how or if the characters were justifyied in their actions. During this time period the intense racial divide combined with the economic harships that plagued the U.S. during the 1923’s makes for an interesting story that makes you think if the charaters were really justified.
The contradiction of being both black and American was a great one for Hughes. Although this disparity was troublesome, his situation as such granted him an almost begged status; due to his place as a “black American” poet, his work was all the more accessible. Hughes’ black experience was sensationalized. Using his “black experience” as a façade, however, Hughes was able to obscure his own torments and insecurities regarding his ambiguous sexuality, his parents and their relationship, and his status as a public figure.
Like most, the stories we hear as children leave lasting impacts in our heads and stay with us for lifetimes. Hughes was greatly influenced by the stories told by his grandmother as they instilled a sense of racial pride that would become a recurring theme in his works as well as become a staple in the Harlem Renaissance movement. During Hughes’ prominence in the 20’s, America was as prejudiced as ever and the African-American sense of pride and identity throughout the U.S. was at an all time low. Hughes took note of this and made it a common theme to put “the everyday black man” in most of his stories as well as using traditional “negro dialect” to better represent his African-American brethren. Also, at this time Hughes had major disagreements with members of the black middle class, such as W.E.B. DuBois for trying to assimilate and promote more european values and culture, whereas Hughes believed in holding fast to the traditions of the African-American people and avoid having their heritage be whitewashed by black intellectuals.
In both “Visitors to the Black Belt” and “Note on the Commercial Theatre”, the speaker that Hughes uses combines the use of the first and second person perspectives to show the relationship between how he (Hughes) feels as black man, towards the white man who doesn’t really seek to understand or help the black community, but instead just appropriates the cultural touchstones. “Visitors to the Black Belt” depicts the rom...
Ellison creates many stereotypes of African Americans of his time. He uses this to bring less informed readers to understand certain characters motives, thoughts, and reasoning. By using each personality of an African American in extremes, Ellison adds passion to the novel, a passion that would not be there if he would let individualism into his characters. Individualism, or lack there of is also significant to the novel. It supports his view of an anti-racial America, because by using stereotypes he makes his characters racial these are the characters that the Americans misunderstand and abominate.
During the late 1940s and early 1950s, many African Americans were subjected to racism in America. Blacks during this time had few opportunities and were constantly ridiculed by whites based on the color of their skin. Numerous blacks ridiculed themselves and their own race based on the color of their skin. Many writers have tried to portray this time period with the use of various literary devices such as theme. Ralph Ellison is one of those great writers that depicted America during the 1940s and 1950s perfectly.
The poem “Negro” was written by Langston Hughes in 1958 where it was a time of African American development and the birth of the Civil Rights Movement. Langston Hughes, as a first person narrator tells a story of what he has been through as a Negro, and the life he is proud to have had. He expresses his emotional experiences and makes the reader think about what exactly it was like to live his life during this time. By using specific words, this allows the reader to envision the different situations he has been put through. Starting off the poem with the statement “I am a Negro:” lets people know who he is, Hughes continues by saying, “ Black as the night is black, /Black like the depths of my Africa.” He identifies Africa as being his and is proud to be as dark as night, and as black as the depths of the heart of his country. Being proud of him self, heritage and culture is clearly shown in this first stanza.
The civil rights movement may have technically ended in the nineteen sixties, but America is still feeling the adverse effects of this dark time in history today. African Americans were the group of people most affected by the Civil Rights Act and continue to be today. Great pain and suffering, though, usually amounts to great literature. This period in American history was no exception. Langston Hughes was a prolific writer before, during, and after the Civil Rights Act and produced many classic poems for African American literature. Hughes uses theme, point of view, and historical context in his poems “I, Too” and “Theme for English B” to expand the views on African American culture to his audience members.
Over the course of the century chronicling the helm of slavery, the emancipation, and the push for civil, equal, and human rights, black literary scholars have pressed to have their voice heard in the midst a country that would dare classify a black as a second class citizen. Often, literary modes of communication were employed to accomplish just that. Black scholars used the often little education they received to produce a body of works that would seek to beckon the cause of freedom and help blacks tarry through the cruelties, inadequacies, and inconveniences of their oppressed condition. To capture the black experience in America was one of the sole aims of black literature. However, we as scholars of these bodies of works today are often unsure as to whether or not we can indeed coin the phrase “Black Literature” or, in this case, “Black poetry”. Is there such a thing? If so, how do we define the term, and what body of writing can we use to determine the validity of the definition. Such is the aim of this essay because we can indeed call a poem “Black”. We can define “Black poetry” as a body of writing written by an African-American in the United States that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of an experience or set of experiences inextricably linked to black people, characterizes a furious call or pursuit of freedom, and attempts to capture the black condition in a language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional response through meaning, sound, and rhythm. An examination of several works of poetry by various Black scholars should suffice to prove that the definition does hold and that “Black Poetry” is a term that we can use.
In Ralph Ellison’s novel The Invisible man, the unknown narrator states “All my life I had been looking for something and everywhere I turned someone tried to tell me what it was…I was looking for myself and asking everyone except myself the question which I, and only I, could answer…my expectations to achieve a realization everyone else appears to have been born with: That I am nobody but myself. But first I had to discover that I am an invisible man!” (13). throughout the novel, the search for identity becomes a major aspect for the narrator’s journey to identify who he is in this world. The speaker considers himself to be an “invisible man” but he defines his condition of being invisible due to his race (Kelly). Identity and race becomes an integral part of the novel. The obsession with identity links the narrator with the society he lives in, where race defines the characters in the novel. Society has distinguished the characters in Ellison’s novel between the African and Caucasian and the narrator journey forces him to abandon the identity in which he thought he had to be reborn to gain a new one. Ellison’s depiction of the power struggle between African and Caucasians reveals that identity is constructed to not only by the narrator himself but also the people that attempt to influence. The modernized idea of being “white washed” is evident in the narrator and therefore establishes that identity can be reaffirmed through rebirth, renaming, or changing one’s appearance to gain a new persona despite their race. The novel becomes a biological search for the self due through the American Negroes’ experience (Lillard 833). Through this experience the unknown narrator proves that identity is a necessary part of his life but race c...
Everywhere you go there are always people who treat you differently because of the way you are dressed, the way you act or behave, or because of the color of your skin. The Jews were almost exterminated because of their race, and in America Blacks were discriminated because of the color of their skin. In life, people give others a hard time, simply because of their race. This results in those people who are being discriminated living very hard lives that are difficult. In the story Black Ball by Ralph Ellison the black ball symbolizes the difficulty of being a black person, the struggle, and humiliation, and discrimination of being a Negro.