6 PROBLEM SOLVING Problem-solving is the process of taking corrective action in order to meet objectives. Some of the more effective decisions involve creativity. Problem-solving Îs a process in which we perceive and resolve a gap between a present situation and a desired goal, with the path to the goal blocked by known or unknown obstacles. In general, the situation is one not previously encountered, or where at least a specific solution from past experiences is not known. Problem-solving and decision-making, which is a part of problem-solving has been identified as a core function of management and it is-important to managerial effectiveness as viewed by managers of hospitals, nursing faculties, medical clinicians, staff, finance and …show more content…
Since two or more solutions are considered to select the best one. The following are the characteristics of problem-solving .It has different process concept. The pattern of events and circumstances that has shaped the problems and course it is likely to take up in future are the factors in problem-solving. The fact and information pertaining to the past in • which problem grew are gathered. The alternatives are earched and selected the best one in the present and the time sequencing is completed with the implementation of solution selected and evaluation of result in …show more content…
The purpose of the review is to heighten awareness amongst nurses in general, and nurse academics in particular about the theories developed, approaches taken and conclusions reached on how clinicians problem-solve. The nursing process, which is heavily used and frequently described as a problem-solving approach to nursing care, requires a deductive reasoning process which is not the problem-solving process in use during care-giving activities. More knowledge is required on what process is in place as we develop as a profession. The literature highlights the complexities involved in attempting to uncover thinking processes. The main research approaches to discovering problem-solving strategies in the past three decades have been from a cognitive perspective, with two main theories, decision-theory and information processing-theory, underpinning the majority of studies conducted. None of the research approaches used to date has resulted in the identification of a general model of problem-solving that is consistent across tasks or disciplines. However, early hypothesis activation with subsequent testing of the hypothesis seems to be consistent in clinicians across
2. Alterative Solutions – Before this class when faced with a problem I would usually go with the first solution that seemed to fix the situation. However, establishing specific evaluation criteria is essential when valuing the merits of a potential solution. If a solution does not fit the criteria, it will not be successful. Judging alternatives through the same criteria allows you to produces the optimal solution and eliminate awful ones. When facing a strategic problem this process will be fundamental in making a
Welch, R. (2011). Making Decisions and Solving Problems. In P.S. Yoder-Wise (Ed.), Leading and Managing in Nursing (98-115). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
This is a practice that provides a thinking framework through the provision of nursing skills to an organization. It is a useful, flexible tool in nursing practices that allows one to think and develop more creativity. Nursing process involves five phases in which when combined
How nurses view the patients and the kinds of problems that the nurses manage in practice while they engage in patient care? They need to be certain, precise and just in front of the patients. Their reasoning is sufficient for their expected purpose. All reasoning can be assessed considering these standards, plus as nurses reflect upon their quality of their thinking, they begin to detect when they are being imprecise, unclear, inaccurate or vague. Nurses utilize language to lucidly communicate exhaustive information, which is substantial to nursing care. Therefore, they cannot be focused upon the irrelevant or trivial. Nurses, who think critically, wage all their reasoning and views to these principles, and the assertions of others in that the nurse's thinking quality improves throughout time, therefore, eliminating ambiguity and confusion in the understanding and presentation of ...
Critical thinking and clinical judgment are vital skills for professional nurses. According to Mann (2012), research has indicated that nearly one-third of the new graduate nurses have adequate critical thinking skills for entry-level practice. The problem identified in this article was that research indicated that majority of graduate nurses were not capable of meeting entry-level expectations for clinical judgment (Mann, 2012).
One of the most essential aspects of doing a job well, no matter what job it is, is the ability to think critically about a situation. Finn (2011) defines critical thinking as “the ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence rather than emotion or anecdote”. The difference between assessing a certain situation critically and assessing it without any evidence to corroborate your claims is that when you look at something critically, you are using your ability to “come up with the alternative explanations for events, think of research findings and apply new knowledge to social and personal problems” (Finn, 2011). When you can come up with other explanations using evidence, you can also create an alternative way of enhancing the situation. Critical thinking skills are especially important to nurses in a fast-paced setting. Nursing is a very demanding and rewarding field to enter into; it becomes enjoyable when you are good at it. In order to be good at their jobs, nurses need to learn the skills required to think critically and also, relate those skills to their everyday routines. This is known as evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice is defined as “using the best scientific evidence available to guide clinical decisions and interventions with the goals of fostering self-management skills and improving health outcomes” (Miller, 2011). This paper examines the skills required for critical thinking, how to learn these skills, and how to apply them in clinical settings. (Miller, 2011; Finn, 2011; Noonan, 2011; Lunney, 2010; Wangensteen, Johansson, Bjorkstrom & Nordstrom, 2010; Chitty & Black, 2011).
Rose Aguilar Welch (Ed.)Making Decision and Solving Problems. In P. S. Yoder-Wise(Ed.), Leading and managing in nursing (4th edition), (pp 92-93). Evolve: Mosby Elsvier.
“The nursing process is an analytic problem solving method whereby the attainment of pre-determined nursing goals by means of chosen nursing care strategies is attempted through a systematic application of assessment, problem identification, planning, implementation and evaluation” (Arets and Morle, 1995, p311)
Newell, A., Shaw, J. C., & Simon, H. (1958). Elements of a theory of problem solving. Psychological Review, 84, 231–259.
Dealing with Wicked problems Finding solutions A problem can be defined as a subject of concern between what is desired and what an actual situation is, which makes it difficult to achieve a desired goal, purpose. A solution to a problem is an act performed in order to reduce the effects of the current situation and which gives direction to accomplish the goal or objective. Planning is a way to respond to the changes occurring in the environment around a person, systematically.
Problem solving and decision-making are fundamental in all managerial activities. Although these defining characteristics of management can be used interchangeably, current literature makes a comprehensible delineation between the two. Problem solving can be defined as a mental process and is part of a larger process that begins with identifying the problem and ends by assessing the efficiency of the solution. Decision-making is also considered a mental process and identifies several alternative scenarios before making a final selection. For the purpose of this analysis, I will discuss the similarities and differences of problem solving and decision-making. I will also explain the steps of the decision-making process and discuss the different decision-making approaches.
Malik, M., Hall, C. & Howard, D. (2004) Nursing Knowledge and Practice: a foundation for decision making. 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall.
I remember there was a time on my first few weak of orientation I felt like I didn’t belong the healthcare field. I was about to quit the nursing profession, but one of the experienced nurses who was working with me told me that you couldn't run away from yourself just hang in there you will figure it out you are not the alone. I could say there was a significant gap between theory and practice. In real life practice, I learned so many things through everyday training and experiences from working difference patients with the different case. In school, we learned the importance of evidence-based practice but to incorporate that knowledge in real life practice is a different problem. In nursing practices, we come across patients with various health issues that require a solution right then. From this vantage point, the student begins to learn the value of looking at what is perceived as pure clinical problems in a more significant context. (Ferrara, 2010). Not only has this brought the theory we have learned in school and what a nurse has experienced in clinical setting closing this
“Decision making is a process of first diverging to explore the possibilities and then converging on a solution(s). The Latin root of the word decision means "to cut off from all alternatives". This is what you should do when you decide.” (Kotelnikov, 2008). In fact, the decision making process helps reduce doubt and uncertainty about alternative choices to allow individual to choose the best reasonable choice. In addition, the decision making process can make the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful organization. Consequently, management tries to use the best techniques and tools possible to make the best decision. Nowadays, most organizations seem to think that they have the most effective and efficient decision making process. So what are the different styles of decision making processes have organizations implemented? In order to answer this question, the team members will investigate and observe the decision-making processes most prevalent in their organization. As a result, these papers will first compare and contrast the problem identification and formulation styles in the team members’ organizations. Then the most favorable aspects of each style will be discussed to describe a process by which a problem can be identified and described to stakeholders in a manner that is sensitive to their perspective.
In the healthcare setting, a systematic process to ensure maximum care and maximum recovery in patients is needed, which is called the nursing process. This process consists of four steps: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation (Walton, 2016). The nursing process is important to ensure quality care and to get the preferred outcome. In the nursing process, critical thinking is used to recognize the issue and come up with a logical solution to solving it. One important aspect of the nursing process is that the plan is not set in stone; it is meant to be manipulated in order to better suit the patient. Nurses must be able to think critically in order to recognize the issue, develop a way to correct it, and be able to communicate the issue to others. Throughout the nursing process, critical thinking is used to determine the best plan of care for a patient based on their diagnosis.