Client Server Model Using Distributed and Parallel Computing
Submitted by -: Mayank Deora (13116041)
B.Tech ECE III year
Distributed Computing
Distributed computing is a computing concept that refers to multiple computer systems working on a single problem. In distributed computing architecture, a single problem is divided into many parts, and each part is solved by different computers situated at different geographical locations. As long as the computers are connected to each other via a network, they can communicate with each other to solve the problem with a contribution from each node in the network. If the task is done properly then it seems as if the computers perform like a single entity.
The ultimate goal of distributed computing is to maximize the performance by connecting users and IT resources in a cost-effective, transparent and reliable manner. It also ensures fault tolerance and enables resource accessibility in the event that one of the components fails.
The idea of distributing resources within a computer network is not new. This first started with the use of data entry terminals on mainframe computers, then moved into minicomputers and it is now possible in personal computers and client-server architecture.
Concept of Parallel Processing
Parallel processing is generally implemented in operational environments/scenarios that require massive computation or processing power. The primary objective of parallel computing is to increase the available computation power for faster application processing or task resolution. Typically, parallel computing infrastructure is housed within a single facility where many processors are installed in a server rack or separate servers are connected tog...
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...can be used for hard real-time applications. In a synchronous distributed system there is a notion of global physical time. It is possible and safe to use timeouts in order to detect failures of a process or communication link.
3. Peer-to-peer networks should be installed in homes or in very small businesses where employees interact regularly. They are inexpensive to set up. However, they offer almost no security. On the other hand, client-server networks can become as big as we need them to be and they can support millions of users and offer elaborate security measures.
References –
1. Foundations of distributed multiscale computing: Formalization, specification, and analysis. By Joris Borgdorff , Jean-Luc Falcone.
2. www.techrepublic.com
3. www.docs.oracle.com
4. www.technopedia.com
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The internet works on the basis that some computers act as ‘servers’. These computers offer services for other computers that are accessing or requesting information, these are known as ‘clients’. The term “server” may refer to both the hardware and software (the entire computer system) or just the software that performs the service. For example, Web server may refer to the Web server software in a computer that also runs other applications or it may refer to the computer system dedicated only to the Web server applicant. For example, a large Web site could have several dedicated Web servers or one very large Web server.
Cloud Computing is an up and coming strategy that could create millions of jobs while allowing companies to become more profitable. How does Cloud Computing work? The basis of Cloud Computing is having data, software, platforms or networks stored and executed by an outside source and then streaming the output to your electronic device.(McKendrick, J. 2012 march 3) In this paper I will address the following three topics: the history and basis of Cloud Computing, the three main features of Cloud Computing, and the three network types used of Cloud Computing.
IBM says that the problem is because of the rapid expansion of information and technology we as humans cannot keep up with the increase. Access to information is becoming rampant through the creation of wireless and handheld devices. These devices need a standard of production and connection to provide the greatest effect. IBM’s solution is a computer network that is “flexible, accessible, and transparent.” (The Solution, IBM Research) The system will...
The article is a credible primary source peer-reviewed journal article published in Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). This is a non-profit organization which publishes computing articles of differing views. Martin Ford is highly qualified in technology and the future, having a business degree along with a computer engineering degree. He is unbiased in his article, using only logic and data to support his
N.D. Shah, Y.H. Shah, H Modi, “Comprehensive Study of the Features, Execution Steps and Microarchitecture of the Superscalar Processors”, IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC), pp. 1-4, December 2013.
From the beginning stages, the Internet was built through the idea of fulfilling peer-to-peer communication across large distances. Throughout the last decade, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networking has grown to become worthwhile for use in business models and Internet applications. Studies performed by multiple major Internet Service Providers found that the amount of P2P traffic throughout the Internet is often higher than 50 percent [1]. The high usage is unsurprising, as P2P allows for a combination of the resources available on the computers of each connected user, as opposed to a client/server model where the users rely on the special servers to provide the resources. By presenting each user within the network as both a client and a server, P2P networking allows for applications and services to provide benefits such as real-time distributed processing, communication, collaboration, and content distribution.
After the introduction of client server architecture, this is used in many industries, business companies and military institutes. Its popularity is high than other software because it is provides more versatile structure.
There are two kinds of systems, centralized and distributed. A distributed system consists of a single component that provides a service, and one or more external system that access the service through a network. In other hand, a decentralized system consists of many external systems that communicate to each other through one or more major central hubs.
ISTF, JUCC. "Background of Cloud Computing." Network Computing. Computing Services Centre, 27 06 2011. Web. 2 Apr 2014.
The purpose of this report is to study the current state of supercomputers and to briefly discuss predicted advancements in the field..A brief history about the supercomputer and its operation is initially outlined.
Abstract—High Performance Computing (HPC) provides support to run advanced application programs efficiently. Java adaptation in HPC has become an apparent choice for new endeavors, because of its significant characteristics. These include object-oriented, platform independent, portable, secure, built-in networking, multithreading, and an extensive set of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Consequently multi-core systems and multi-core programming tools are becoming popular. However, today the leading HPC programming model is Message Passing Interface (MPI). In present day computing, while writing a parallel program for multi-core systems in distributed environment may deploy an approach where both shared and distributed memory models are used. Moreover an interoperable, asynchronous, and reliable working environment is required for programmers and researchers to build the HPC applications. This paper reviews the existing MPI implementations in Java. Several assessment parameters are identified to analyze the Java based MPI models; including their strengths and weaknesses.
Local Area Networks also called LANs have been a major player in industrialization of computers. In the past 20 or so years the worlds industry has be invaded with new computer technology. It has made such an impact on the way we do business that it has become essential with an ever-growing need for improvement. LANs give an employer the ability to share information between computers with a simple relatively inexpensive system of network cards and software. It also lets the user or users share hardware such as Printers and scanners. The speed of access between the computers is lighting fast because the data has a short distance to cover. In most cases a LAN only occupies one or a group of buildings located next to each other. For larger area need there are several other types of networks such as the Internet.
It simplifies the storage and processing of large amounts of data, eases the deployment and operation of large-scale global products and services, and automates much of the administration of large-scale clusters of computers.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) is a substitute network design to the conventional client-server architecture. P2P networks utilize a decentralised model in which each system, act as a peer, and serve as a client with its own layer of server functionality. A companion plays the role of a client and a server in the meantime. That is, the node can send calls to other nodes, and at the same time respond to approaching calls from other companions in the system. It is different from the traditional client-server model where a client can just send requests to a server and then wait for the server’s response.
Computers are very complex and have many different uses. This makes for a very complex system of parts that work together to do what the user wants from the computer. The purpose of this paper is to explain a few main components of the computer. The components covered are going to be system units, Motherboards, Central Processing Units, and Memory. Many people are not familiar with these terms and their meaning. These components are commonly mistaken for one and other.