Classroom Action Research Project I chose to focus reading with a first grade student. This student has missed a lot of school in the past and has moved around frequently. On the FAST assessment, this student scored at the bottom of all first graders. Reading is of high importance and an intervention in this area is in high need. What impact can an direct, systematic instruction on phonemic awareness, phonics, and letter names and sounds using the Imagine It! intervention guide and supplemental materials, for 30 minutes a day, have on a first grader performing significantly lower than her peers? The articles that I read to incorporate “best practices” were not particularly focusing on the Imagine It! materials I used or the Florida Center for Reading Research materials I used, but focused on what could be missing from my reading instruction that is necessary for all reading instruction. I looked at the research found on the SRA Reading Laboratory website, http://www.srareadinglabs.com/page.php?current=learn_more, this is where I found articles that led me to the research that will support my Action Plan. The first article, Improving Fluency in At-Risk Readers and Students with Learning Disabilities by Allinder, R., Dunse, L., Brunken, C., and Obermiller-Krolikowski, H. Allinder et. al. described fluency, what it is and how being a fluent reader is such an important skill to have because non-fluent readers use the majority of their brains decoding words, which prevents them from comprehending anything they just read. This article included information that being a fluent reader is necessary to comprehend what is read, but also that being able to comprehend what you read will increase the reader’s fluency (pg. 49). I cho... ... middle of paper ... ...ly focus on one student at a time, really creating a skills set lesson. I would not change my data collection tools; they are sound and have norms to compare the data to and are from reliable sources (recommended by the AEA). The student is very interested in technology and I wish I would have more access to activities by Interactive Whiteboard or a program that was more focused on the skills she needs to work on because I feel like she would have been even more prone to putting forth more effort. The student was new to my school, shortly after I chose her for this research plan, and I wish I would’ve had a better rapport with her prior to this research plan. Overall, I think that there could have been more growth to be made, but in such a short amount of time, it was a successful research plan. I enjoyed finding out more about these materials and Iowa Core.
RtI was designed to provide early intervention to students that are experiencing difficulties in developing literacy skills. Throughout RtI, assessment data is collected to monitor student progress, and is used to determine if the intervention should be continued or modified (Smetana 2010). A common consensus is that the RtI framework consists of three tiers: Tier I, Tier II, and Tier III. In Tier I, primary interventions are used that differentiate instruction, routines, and accommodations to the students that need little to no interventions. The students in this tier are often times classified with the color green.
The reading plan includes at least two interventions with a proven intervention program like Star Reading, Success Maker, Words Their Way, or other
For starters, I would like to have more information on the student prior to assessing. I would like to know about the student classroom experience with reading. As a future Special Education Teacher, I have a passion for helping students who face more challenges. This student did not demonstrate that he faced reading challenges. In hindsight, I would like to have worked with a student with reading challenges in order to start developing a plan to close the achievement gap. Although, all students have room to grow, so I am glad to have worked with
...ed by most, and how dyslexia can cause problems with reading comprehension. It also discussed ways that we can mitigate these problems for dyslexic people, but these skills can and should be used by all learners. Reading comprehension is a perishable skill, one that if you don’t work on increasing your reading ability by building your vocabulary, learn to read effectively, or using the correct reading strategies for the type of reading material being studied will diminish. Even with the largest vocabulary, if the words are not understood literacy cannot be achieved. Literacy is the key to comprehensive reading. It also gave some of the tools for reading and understanding different types of literature and how to get the important information out of each one. Edmund Burk said “To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting” (Gallagher, 2003, p. 11).
The program works with more than 100 schools in seven states. The program is geared toward students from low-income families. The statistics for children’s literacy in the United States are astonishing. “In 2011, just thirty-four percent of the nation’s fourth graders in public school could read proficiently” (National Center for Education Statistics, 2011). The program itself has had exponential success.
Reading: Shawn comes to school regularly. He is always prepared with the school supplies that he needs for the day. He enjoys reading, either independently or with a partner. Shawn does well with answering open-ended questions and discussing information about what is being read, but, when he needs to answer questions on an assessment independently, he does not always perform to his potential. He has been taught reading comprehension strategies (i.e. RUNNERS, annotating, rereading, underlining key words, asking questions, making connections, visualizing etc.) and he uses these strategies when he is reminded to help him answer abstract comprehension questions.
How will the results of the first assessment or assignment inform your instruction? Provide specific examples of adjustments you made to your instruction for Focus Student
According to Bursuck & Damer (2011) phonemes are “the smallest individual sounds in words spoken.” Phonemic awareness is the “ability to hear the phonemes and manipulate the sounds” (p. 41). Phonemic awareness is essential because without the ability students are not able to manipulate the sounds. According to the National Institute for Literacy (2007), “students with poor phonics skills prevent themselves from reading grade-level text and are unable to build their vocabulary” (p.5) Agreeing with the importance of phonemic awareness, Shapiro and Solity attempted to use whole class instruction to improve students’ phonological awareness. The intervention showed that whole class instruction assisted not only the students with poor phonemic awareness, but also on-level developing readers.
Child A struggled the most with writing, including spelling and pronunciation of words as well as counting and recall of number facts in maths. Provisions that the class teacher and school put in place included intervention groups outside of the classroom, where the child would go with an adult to a separate room to complete the class task or to use online support programmes suc...
Therrien, W. J. (2004). Fluency and Comprehension Gains as a Result of Repeated Reading: A Meta-Analysis. Remedial and Special Education, 25; 252. The online version of this article can be found at: http://rse.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/25/4/252 DOI: 10.1177/07419325040250040801
Many people think fluency is just reading fast. Fluency is the ability to decode and comprehend at the same time. Some teachers think that you do not need to teach fluency because it will come naturally. In some instances yes, but to create a strong reader fluency needs to be taught. Mrs. Baughman says that her school does not teach or score fluency. She is recalling this information from when she was an intervention specialist. Reading out loud is a good way to check a student’s fluency, but there are some other ways to measure fluency. Repeated reading of a passage, usually poetry
According to Temple et. Al, there are components for reading. “Reading is the act of getting meaning from a written text.” (Temple & Ogle & Crawford & Freppon, 2005, p.7) There are steps to learn to read; first step is “word recognition.” This activity is that readers recognize letters and words. Next step is “phonemes” which is the smallest sounds in language. Readers who in “phonemic awareness” are able to know how to make sounds with letters. In “comprehension” step, readers are able to understand what they are reading. They can improve reading ability by expanding knowledge of vocabulary. If they can understand words faster than previous time and accurately, they are on “reading fluency” step. The last step, which is “interpretation” or also known as “critical reading”, is a time when they are able to understand author’s thought and mind by reading their words and arguments. National Reading Panel categorized literacy by areas of alphabetic, fluency, comprehension, teacher education and reading instruction, computer technology, and reading instruction. Alphabetic includes
Coming from a math background, reading was never a subject that I was enthusiastic about teaching. However, I realized that my attitude towards a subject greatly impacted my young learners. For the past few years, I made it my mission to become a better reading teacher. I attended as many professional developments that targeted reading instruction as possible. I took the curriculum home over the summer and met with my co-teacher to reflect on which lessons went well and which were challenging. We then made a curriculum map reorganizing the reading lessons in a way that was more developmentally appropriate. I teamed up with my school’s reading coach for support. She agreed to come into my classroom and observe lessons and give constructive
Reading is an essential skill that needs to be addressed when dealing with students with disabilities. Reading is a skill that will be used for a student’s entire life. Therefore, it needs to be an important skill that is learned and used proficiently in order for a student to succeed in the real world. There are many techniques that educators can use to help improve a student’s reading comprehension. One of these skills that needs to be directly and explicitly taught is learning how to read fluently for comprehension. “To comprehend texts, the reader must be a fluent decoder and not a laborious, word-by-word reader” (Kameenui, 252). Comprehension can be difficult for students with learning disabilities because they tend to be the students that are reading below grade level. One strategy is to incorporate the student’s background knowledge into a lesson. This may require a bit of work, but it will help the students relate with the information being pres...
readers: A perspective for research and intervention ―[Electronic version]. Scientific Studies of Reading, 11(4), 289-312.